The Hollywood blacklist of purported communists working in the film industry began on November 25, 1947.
During this same period, a number of influential newspaper columnists covering the entertainment industry, including Walter Winchell, Hedda Hopper, Victor Riesel, Jack O'Brian, and George Sokolsky, regularly offered up names with the suggestion that they should be added to the blacklist
 After the court denied review, the Hollywood Ten began serving one-year prison sentences in 1950

