George III of the United Kingdom witnessed France's failure.
 George suffered a final relapse in 1810, and his eldest son, the Prince of Wales, became Prince Regent the following year
 Lord North's cabinet ministers, the Earl of Sandwich, First Lord of the Admiralty, and Lord George Germain, Secretary of State for the Colonies, however, proved to lack leadership skills suited for their positions, which in turn, aided the American war effort

