The 1984 US presidential election was between candidates from two rival parties.
 Many countries have growing electoral reform movements, which advocate systems such as approval voting, single transferable vote, instant runoff voting or a Condorcet method; these methods are also gaining popularity for lesser elections in some countries where more important elections still use more traditional counting methods
Sham elections are a common event in dictatorial regimes that feel the need to feign the appearance of public legitimacy

