Michael Dukakis was the Democratic presidential nominee for the 1988 election.
"Dukakis's general election campaign was subject to several criticisms and gaffes on issues such as capital punishment, the pledge of allegiance in schools, and a photograph of Dukakis in a tank which was intended to portray him as a sound choice for commander-in-chief but which was widely perceived to have backfired
 Dukakis suffered a scathing defeat in the primary, a disappointment that his wife Kitty called "a public death"

