Since some people with Rosai-Dorfman disease have not symptoms, or have spontaneous remission, it is recommended by some that clinical observation without treatment is advisable when possible; however, when indicated, surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are options for treatment.
Some patients have no symptoms, spontaneous remission, or a relapsing/remitting course, making it difficult to decide whether therapy is needed. In 2002, authors from Sapienza University of Rome stated on the basis of a comprehensive literature review that "clinical observation without treatment is advisable when possible". Therapeutic options include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. 
