Henry Martyn Scudder founded the American Arcot Mission in 1850 before his health failed in 1864.
In 1850, he founded the mission American Arcot Mission for the board of the Dutch Reformed Church at Arcot, where he labored until 1864. In 1864, his health failing in the climate of India, he returned to America, and he became a pastor of a church in San Francisco. 
