With no explanation, label A→B with either "not_related" or "related".
A: Stephen King wrote 7 novels under a pen name.
B: Paul Camille Hippolyte Brouardel -LRB- 13 February 1837 , Saint-Quentin , Aisne -- 23 July 1906 -RRB- was a French pathologist , hygienist , and member of the Academie Nationale de Medecine .. pathologist. pathologist. hygienist. hygienist. Academie Nationale de Medecine. Academie Nationale de Medecine. In 1858 he became an externe at the Hopital Cochin in Paris , and in 1865 earned his medical doctorate .. Paris. Paris. In 1873 he became director of medical services at the Hopital Saint-Antoine and la Pitie .. la Pitie. Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital. In 1879 he became a professor of forensics at the Faculte de Medecine de Paris , and succeeded Auguste Ambroise Tardieu -LRB- 1818 -- 1879 -RRB- as doyen of French forensic medicine .. Paris. Paris. forensics. forensics. Faculte de Medecine de Paris. Faculte de Medecine de Paris. Auguste Ambroise Tardieu. Auguste Ambroise Tardieu. doyen. doyen. forensic medicine. forensic medicine. From 1884 to 1904 he was chair of the Consultative Committee of Hygiene , and in 1899 was elected president of the French Association for the Advancement of Sciences -LRB- AFAS -RRB- .. Hygiene. Hygiene. Brouardel was a leading authority of French forensic medicine , and was also a passionate advocate concerning all aspects of public health and hygiene .. forensic medicine. forensic medicine. He was at the forefront of issues such as food safety , tuberculosis , venereal disease , child abuse , alcoholism and public decency .. food safety. food safety. tuberculosis. tuberculosis. venereal disease. venereal disease. child abuse. child abuse. alcoholism. alcoholism. public decency. public decency. Brouardel was a major influence on the career of neurologist Georges Gilles de la Tourette -LRB- 1857 -- 1904 -RRB- .. neurologist. neurologist. Georges Gilles de la Tourette. Georges Gilles de la Tourette. With physician Ernest Mosny -LRB- 1861 -- 1918 -RRB- , he was co-author of the multi-volume Traite d'hygiene , and with Augustin Nicolas Gilbert -LRB- 1858 -- 1927 -RRB- and Joseph Girode , he published the 10-volume Traite de medecine et de Therapeutique -LRB- 1895 -- 1902 -RRB- .. Ernest Mosny. Ernest Mosny. Augustin Nicolas Gilbert. Augustin Nicolas Gilbert


With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B" or "C". suppose eggs dry out due to less water happens, how will it affect edges of plates crumple more.

A: less
B: no effect
C: more


With no explanation, chose the best option from "A" or "B". What’s the difference between an embassy and a consulate?

A: An embassy is a permanent diplomatic mission, and is generally located in a country's capital city. [1]  An embassy is responsible for representing the home country, handling major diplomatic issues, and preserving the rights of its citizens abroad. [2]  The ambassador is the highest official in the embassy and acts as the chief diplomat and spokesperson for the home government. [2]  Usually, if a country recognizes another as being sovereign, an embassy is established to maintain foreign relations and provide assistance to traveling citizens. [2]

By contrast, a consulate is a smaller version of an embassy and is generally located in the larger tourist cities of a country, but not the capital. [2]  A consulate is essentially a satellite office of the embassy, but its roles are limited in scope, usually pertaining to and prioritizing the interests and concerns of its people and businesses abroad. [4]
B: The difference between an embassy and a consulate is that an embassy is the main location for a diplomatic presence of one country in another, and a consulate is a smaller version of an embassy and is generally located in the larger tourist cities of a country, but not the capital [1,4].

Embassies are the center for high-level government interactions, and play a role in major international relations, such as preparing treaties and arranging official state visits [4]. The head of an embassy is the ambassador, who is the official representative authorized to speak on behalf of the head of state of the country [4].

Consulates, while having the same official duties as embassies, usually operate as lesser branches that deal with more administrative issues [4]. The top priority of consulates is to generally assist citizens of the home country traveling or living abroad [4]. This may involve helping citizens who have been detained by authorities or injured in the country, and monitoring the security situation in the area [4].


With no explanation, label the following with either "Sports", "World", "Sci/Tech" or "Business".
This could be the week for a Patriots loss The New England Patriots might be like no other powerhouse in NFL history. They almost never dominate, they just always win -- a record 21 victories in a row including the postseason, 18 straight in the regular season.


With no explanation, label the following with either "😂", "❤", "😁" or "💕".
Weatherman: "It's going to be a chilly one out there today!" Me: "this ain't t nothin " I'm…


With no explanation, chose the best option from "A" or "B". What is the difference between mold, bacteria, and yeast?

What exactly is the difference between the three? They're all considered microbial correct?

A: Mold is multi-cellular filaments, whereas yeast is a single-celled organism [1]. Yeast is a eukaryote, whereas bacteria are prokaryotes [4]. Additionally, yeast belongs to the kingdom Fungi, and bacteria belong to the kingdom Monera [4]. The main difference is that yeast is a single-celled organism and mold is multi-cellular filaments [2, 1]. Yeast can reproduce asexually through budding, whereas mold reproduces sexually [2, 3]. The major similarity between yeast and mold is that both are fungi [3, 5].
B: The main difference between yeast, mold, and bacteria is the size and cellular structure. Yeast is a single-celled organism, mold is composed of multi-cellular filaments, and bacteria are smaller and more numerous [1]. Molds are also fungi, while bacteria are not. Both bacteria and yeast reproduce by budding, while mold reproduces by the production of sexual or asexual spores [3]. Finally, both yeast and mold are saprotrophs, while bacteria are autotrophic meaning they can produce their own food [4].


With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". Lyle and Johnny had met in Intro to Psych. Neither of them completed the course. Johnny was taking it because he was in first year and still believed that University life was about becoming an educated person rather than about getting in, getting out and getting paid. As such he had signed up for Intro to Psych and Intro to Advanced Physics as the two first year electives in his Computer Science Degree rather than the much more traditional Intro to Logic (which anyone who knows the difference between if and iff can ace) and Science and Society (which gets you your humanities requirement without having to actually take a humanities courses). Lyle's reasons for being in the course were much more mysterious. Johnny noticed him straight off: The punker with the green mohawk sitting just to the left of centre in Convocation Hall, where PSY 100 was held. It was a 9am Monday morning class, the first university class in the lives of most of the students. Yet Lyle did not have the same air of trepidation about him that hovered over the rest of those in attendance. He sat calmly with his Docs up on the back of the seat in front of him, knitting. Whereas almost everyone else in the hall (Johnny included, he was embarrassed to later recall) had brought with them a shiny new binder bought at Wal-Mart (or Grand and Toy for the rich kids) and a pencil case with not only pencils and erasers but pens in blue, black and red, Lyle had three sheets of folded paper which had clearly been pulled from his pockets minutes earlier and a red Bic pen without a cap sitting on his fold-down desk.
The instructor was a frightened looking graduate student named Mohammed Haj-Mosawi who spoke English with a very thick accent and did so in a voice that would have been rather too quiet for polite dinner conversation, never mind lecturing to 800 students. He did however, come armed with some pretty serious PowerPoint slides. When Johnny first saw Lyle?

A: After he walked in to PSY 100 classroom
B: Both walked in together.
C: not enough information
D: Before going to the cafeteria


With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". Maybe it was the color before shadows were applied to it.

A: I was disappointed in the shade that came off more pink than red.
B: It has a noticeably stronger blue component compared to red, while the color of the floor has nearly equal levels of blue and red.
C: It wasn't a success okay, it was, but it wasn't something i would make again.
D: When i apply it, it sometimes doesn't look so bad.


With no explanation, label each line with "O", "I-Disease" or "B-Disease" preceded by ":".
Using
methylation
-
sensitive
restriction
enzymes
,
we
characterized
the
methylation
pattern
on
the
5
side
of
the
CTG
repeat
in
the
DMPK
gene
of
normal
individuals
and
of
patients
affected
with
myotonic
dystrophy
,
showing
expansions
of
the
repetitive
sequence
.

Using:O
methylation:O
-:O
sensitive:O
restriction:O
enzymes:O
,:O
we:O
characterized:O
the:O
methylation:O
pattern:O
on:O
the:O
5:O
side:O
of:O
the:O
CTG:O
repeat:O
in:O
the:O
DMPK:O
gene:O
of:O
normal:O
individuals:O
and:O
of:O
patients:O
affected:O
with:O
myotonic:B-Disease
dystrophy:I-Disease
,:O
showing:O
expansions:O
of:O
the:O
repetitive:O
sequence:O
.:O


With no explanation, label A→B with either "Conjunction", "Exception", "Concession" or "Pragmatic cause".
A: for the 12 weeks ended sept. 3, skipper's had net income of $361,000, or 13 cents a share, compared with a net loss a year earlier
B: revenue was $19.9 million


With no explanation, label the following with either "neg" or "pos".
After all these years of solving crimes, you would've expected criminals to know that they can't afford making mistakes with him, especially not with regards to talking much. This time

Columbo goes to college, and actually explains his entire technique, but for some reason the murderer still doesn't pay enough attention. However, this still creates wonderful scenes and delightful dialogues.


With no explanation, label the following with either "non-hate" or "hate".
@user YOU OWE HER FAMILY AN APOLOGY FOR BRINGING HER MURDERER TO CANADA!!! He's still here & us taxpayers are paying to feed, house and protect him #nooneprotectedMarissa #whatifitwasyourfamilymember #yourenotmovingfastenoughonthis #NOMOREREFUGEES


With no explanation, label the following with either "not sure", "yes" or "no".
"MORE STATES consider tax cuts as economic growth lifts revenues.

At least 20 states are seriously considering tax cuts, says Steven D. Gold of the Center for the Study of the States in Albany, N.Y. That is the largest number since 1985. ""The stronger economy clearly is easing state budget pressures,"" Gold says. A few states, notably New Jersey, may cut individual income taxes sharply. But most states' reductions ""won't be large enough to make a significant difference in people's take-home pay,"" he predicts.

State tax revenues rose 6.1% in 1993's second half from a year earlier, a report by the center says. Those gains came primarily from stronger economic growth. Rocky Mountain states, especially Wyoming, posted the biggest increases. Mississippi, helped by a ""casino-related boom,"" also enjoyed strong growth, Gold says. But a Merrill Lynch report warns that California, struggling to emerge from a deep recession, still faces ""severe"" problems.

""California has a tax climate that is hostile to both businesses and individuals,"" says Donald Straszheim, Merrill Lynch's chief economist.

CONNECTICUT TRIES to fix a bizarre tax-law quirk."


With no explanation, label the following with either "9", "7", "2" or "6".
112 S.Ct. 2184
504 U.S. 648
119 L.Ed.2d 432
BURLINGTON NORTHERN RAILROAD COMPANY, Petitioner,v.William D. FORD and Thomas L. Johnson.
No. 91-779.
Argued April 20, 1992.
Decided June 12, 1992.

Syllabus

Respondents sued petitioner, their employer, under the Federal Employers' Liability Act in the state court in Yellowstone County, Montana.  That court denied petitioner's motions to change venue to Hill County, where petitioner claimed to have its principal place of business in Montana.  The State Supreme Court affirmed, ruling that Montana's venue rules—which permit a plaintiff to sue a corporation incorporated in that State only in the county of its principal place of business, but permit suit in any county against a corporation, like petitioner, that is incorporated elsewhere—do not work a discrimination violating the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause.
Held:  The distinction in treatment contained in Montana's venue rules does not offend the Equal Protection Clause.  Those rules neither deprive petitioner of a fundamental right nor classify along suspect lines like race or religion, and are valid because they can be understood as rationally furthering a legitimate state interest:  adjustment of the disparate interests of parties to a lawsuit in the place of trial.  Montana could reasonably determine that only the convenience to a corporate defendant of litigating in the county of its home office outweighs a plaintiff's interest in suing in the county of his choice. Petitioner has not shown that the Montana venue rules' hinging on State of incorporation rather than domicile makes them so under- or overinclusive as to be irrational.  Besides, petitioner, being domiciled outside Montana, would not benefit from a rule turning on domicile, and therefore cannot complain of a rule hinging on State of incorporation.  Power Manufacturing Co. v. Saunders, 274 U.S. 490, 47 S.Ct. 678, 71 L.Ed. 1165, distinguished.  Pp. 2185-2188.
--- Mont. ----, 819 P.2d 169 (1991), affirmed.
SOUTER, J., delivered the opinion for a unanimous Court.
Betty Jo Christian, Washington, D.C., for petitioner.
Joel I. Klein, Washington, D.C., for respondents.
Justice SOUTER delivered the opinion of the Court.

1
Montana's venue rules permit a plaintiff to sue a corporation incorporated in that State only in the county of its principal place of business, but permit suit in any county against a corporation incorporated elsewhere.  This case presents the question whether the distinction in treatment offends the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, U.S. Const. Amdt. 14, § 1.  We hold that it does not.

2
Respondents William D. Ford and Thomas L. Johnson were employed by petitioner Burlington Northern Railroad Company, a corporation owing its existence to the laws of Delaware and having a principal place of business in Fort Worth, Texas.  Ford and Johnson raised a claim under the Federal Employers' Liability Act (FELA), 35 Stat. 65, as amended, 45 U.S.C. §§ 51-60, and brought suit in the state trial court for Yellowstone County, Montana, alleging injuries sustained while working at Burlington's premises in Sheridan, Wyoming.  In each case, Burlington moved to change venue to Hill County, Montana, where it claimed to have its principal place of business in that State.  The trial court denied each motion, and Burlington brought interlocutory appeals.

3
The Supreme Court of Montana consolidated the two cases and affirmed the decisions of the trial court.  --- Mont. ----, 819 P.2d 169 (1991).  Under the Montana venue rules, the court said, a foreign corporation may be sued in any of Montana's counties. Id., at ----, 819 P.2d, at 171.  The court rejected Burlington's argument that the State's venue rules worked a discrimination violating the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause.  The Montana venue rules, the court explained, were subject merely to rational-basis review, id., at ----, 819 P.2d, at 173, which was satisfied, at least in these cases, by the consonance of the rules with federal policy, embodied in FELA, of facilitating recovery by injured railroad workers, id., at ---- - ----, 819 P.2d, at 173-174.  Besides, the court said, Montana's venue rules did not even discriminate against Burlington, since Ford and Johnson could have sued the corporation in the Federal District Court for Montana, which sits in Yellowstone County, among other places. Id., at ----, 819 P.2d, at 175.  We granted certiorari, 502 U.S. ----, 112 S.Ct. 964, 117 L.Ed.2d 130 (1992), and, although our reasoning differs from that of the State Supreme Court, now affirm.*

4
A Montana statute provides that "the proper place of trial for all civil actions is the county in which the defendants or any of them may reside at the commencement of the action."  Mont.Code Ann. § 25-2-118(1) (1991).  But, "if none of the defendants reside in the state, the proper place of trial is any county the plaintiff designates in the complaint."  § 25-2-118(2).  The Supreme Court of Montana has long held that a corporation does not "reside in the state" for venue purposes unless Montana is its State of incorporation, see, e.g., Haug v. Burlington Northern R. Co., 236 Mont. 368, 371, 770 P.2d 517, 519 (1989);  Foley v. General Motors Corp., 159 Mont. 469, 472-473, 499 P.2d 774, 776 (1972);  Hanlon v. Great Northern R. Co., 83 Mont. 15, 21, 268 P. 547, 549 (1928);  Pue v. Northern Pacific R. Co., 78 Mont. 40, 43, 252 P. 313, 315 (1926), and that a Montana corporation resides in the Montana county in which it has its principal place of business, see, e.g., Mapston v. Joint School District No. 8, 227 Mont. 521, 523, 740 P.2d 676, 677 (1987);  Platt v. Sears, Roebuck & Co., 222 Mont. 184, 187, 721 P.2d 336, 338 (1986).  In combination, these venue rules, with exceptions not here relevant, permit a plaintiff to sue a domestic company in just the one county where it has its principal place of business, while a plaintiff may sue a foreign corporation in any of the State's 56 counties.  Burlington claims the distinction offends the Equal Protection Clause.

5
The Fourteenth Amendment forbids a State to "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." U.S. Const., Amdt. 14, § 1.  Because the Montana venue rules neither deprive Burlington of a fundamental right nor classify along suspect lines like race or religion, they do not deny equal protection to Burlington unless they fail in rationally furthering legitimate state ends.  See, e.g., United States v. Sperry Corp., 493 U.S. 52, 64, 110 S.Ct. 387, 396, 107 L.Ed.2d 290 (1989); Dallas v. Stanglin, 490 U.S. 19, 25, 109 S.Ct. 1591, 1595, 104 L.Ed.2d 18 (1989).

6
Venue rules generally reflect equity or expediency in resolving disparate interests of parties to a lawsuit in the place of trial.  See, e.g., Citizens & Southern National Bank v. Bougas, 434 U.S. 35, 44, n. 10, 98 S.Ct. 88, 94, n. 10, 54 L.Ed.2d 218 (1977);  Denver & R.G.W.R. Co. v. Trainmen, 387 U.S. 556, 560, 87 S.Ct. 1746, 1748, 18 L.Ed.2d 954 (1967);  Van Dusen v. Barrack, 376 U.S. 612, 623, 84 S.Ct. 805, 812, 11 L.Ed.2d 945 (1964);  F. James & G. Hazard, Civil Procedure 47 (3d ed. 1985).  The forum preferable to one party may be undesirable to another, and the adjustment of such warring interests is a valid state concern. Cf. United States Railroad Retirement Bd. v. Fritz, 449 U.S. 166, 178, 101 S.Ct. 453, 461, 66 L.Ed.2d 368 (1980).  In striking the balance between them, a State may have a number of choices, any of which would survive scrutiny, each of them passable under the standard tolerating some play in the joints of governmental machinery.  See Bain Peanut Co. of Texas v. Pinson, 282 U.S. 499, 501, 51 S.Ct. 228, 229, 75 L.Ed. 482 (1931).  Thus, we have no doubt that a State would act within its constitutional prerogatives if it were to give so much weight to the interests of plaintiffs as to allow them to sue in the counties of their choice under all circumstances.  It is equally clear that a State might temper such an "any county" rule to the extent a reasonable assessment of defendants' interests so justified.

7
Here, Montana has decided that the any-county rule should give way to a single-county rule where a defendant resides in Montana, arguably on the reasonable ground that a defendant should not be subjected to a plaintiff's tactical advantage of forcing a trial far from the defendant's residence.  At the same time, Montana has weighed the interest of a defendant who does not reside in Montana differently, arguably on the equally reasonable ground that for most nonresident defendants the inconvenience will be great whether they have to defend in, say, Billings or Havre. See Power Manufacturing Co. v. Saunders, 274 U.S. 490, 498, 47 S.Ct. 678, 681, 71 L.Ed. 1165 (1927) (Holmes, J., dissenting). Montana could thus have decided that a nonresident defendant's interest in convenience is too slight to outweigh the plaintiff's interest in suing in the forum of his choice.

8
Burlington does not, indeed, seriously contend that such a decision is constitutionally flawed as applied to individual nonresident defendants.  Nor does it argue that such a rule is unconstitutional even when applied to corporate defendants without a fixed place of business in Montana.  Burlington does claim, however, that the rule is unconstitutional as applied to a corporate defendant like Burlington that not only has its home office in some other State or country, but also has a place of business in Montana that would qualify as its "principal place of business" if it were a Montana corporation.

9
Burlington's claim fails.  Montana could reasonably have determined that a corporate defendant's home office is generally of greater significance to the corporation's convenience in litigation than its other offices;  that foreign corporations are unlikely to have their principal offices in Montana;  and that Montana's domestic corporations will probably keep headquarters within the State.  We cannot say, at least not on this record, that any of these assumptions is irrational.  Cf. G.D. Searle & Co. v. Cohn, 455 U.S. 404, 410, 102 S.Ct. 1137, 1142, 71 L.Ed.2d 250 (1982);  Metropolitan Casualty Ins. Co. v. Brownell, 294 U.S. 580, 585, 55 S.Ct. 538, 540, 79 L.Ed. 1070 (1935).  And upon them Montana may have premised the policy judgment, which we find constitutionally unimpeachable, that only the convenience to a corporate defendant of litigating in the county containing its home office is sufficiently significant to outweigh a plaintiff's interest in suing in the county of his choice.

10
Of course Montana's venue rules would have implemented that policy judgment with greater precision if they had turned on the location of a corporate defendant's principal place of business, not on its State of incorporation.  But this is hardly enough to make the rules fail rational-basis review, for "rational distinctions may be made with substantially less than mathematical exactitude."  New Orleans v. Dukes, 427 U.S. 297, 303, 96 S.Ct. 2513, 2517, 49 L.Ed.2d 511 (1976);  see Hughes v. Alexandria Scrap Corp., 426 U.S. 794, 814, 96 S.Ct. 2488, 2500, 49 L.Ed.2d 220 (1976);  Lindsley v. Natural Carbonic Gas Co., 220 U.S. 61, 78, 31 S.Ct. 337, 340, 55 L.Ed. 369 (1911).  Montana may reasonably have thought that the location of a corporate defendant's principal place of business would not be as readily verifiable as its State of incorporation, that a rule hinging on the former would invite wasteful side shows of venue litigation, and that obviating the side shows would be worth the loss in precision.  These possibilities, of course, put Burlington a far cry away from the point of discharging its burden of showing that the under- and overinclusiveness of Montana's venue rules is so great that the rules can no longer be said rationally to implement Montana's policy judgment.  See, e.g., Brownell, supra, 294 U.S., at 584, 55 S.Ct., at 540.  Besides, Burlington, having headquarters elsewhere, would not benefit even from a scheme based on domicile, and is therefore in no position to complain of Montana's using State of incorporation as a surrogate for domicile.  See Roberts & Schaefer Co. v. Emmerson, 271 U.S. 50, 53-55, 46 S.Ct. 375, 376-377, 70 L.Ed. 827 (1926);  cf. United States v. Raines, 362 U.S. 17, 21, 80 S.Ct. 519, 522, 4 L.Ed.2d 524 (1960).

11
Burlington is left with the argument that Power Manufacturing Co. v. Saunders, supra, controls this case.  But it does not.  In Saunders, we considered Arkansas' venue rules, which restricted suit against a domestic corporation to those counties where it maintained a place of business, 274 U.S., at 491-492, 47 S.Ct., at 678-679, but exposed foreign corporations to suit in any county, id., at 492, 47 S.Ct., at 679.  We held that the distinction lacked a rational basis and therefore deprived foreign corporate defendants of the equal protection of the laws.  Id., at 494, 47 S.Ct., at 679.  The statutory provision challenged in Saunders, however, applied only to foreign corporations authorized to do business in Arkansas, ibid., so that most of the corporations subject to its any-county rule probably had a place of business in Arkansas.  In contrast, most of the corporations subject to Montana's any-county rule probably do not have their principal place of business in Montana.  Thus, Arkansas' special rule for foreign corporations was tailored with significantly less precision than Montana's, and, on the assumption that Saunders is still good law, see American Motorists Ins. Co. v. Starnes, 425 U.S. 637, 645, n. 6, 96 S.Ct. 1800, 1805, n. 6, 48 L.Ed.2d 263 (1976), its holding does not invalidate Montana's venue rules.

12
In sum, Montana's venue rules can be understood as rationally furthering a legitimate state interest.  The judgment of the Supreme Court of Montana is accordingly

13

Affirmed.

*
 The decision below is final for purposes of 28 U.S.C. § 1257(a).  See American Motorists Ins. Co. v. Starnes, 425 U.S. 637, 642, n. 3, 96 S.Ct. 1800, 1803, n. 3, 48 L.Ed.2d 263 (1976).


With no explanation, label the following with either "vi", "th", "ur" or "sw".
Biểu diễn trước hơn 6.500 sinh viên từ K-12, cho các hội nghị chuyên nghiệp của tiểu bang, cho sự kiện truyền thông Pan-Am và cho Hoa Kỳ


With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". The passage describes the magnetosphere as a barrier (line 10) because
The spectacular aurora light displays that appear in Earth's atmosphere around the north and south magnetic poles were once mysterious phenomena. Now, scientists have data from satellites and ground-based observations from which we know that the aurora brilliance is an immense electrical discharge similar to that occurring in a neon sign.
To understand the cause of auroras, first picture the Earth enclosed by its magnetosphere, a huge region created by the Earth's magnetic field. Outside the magnetosphere, blasting toward the earth is the solar wind, a swiftly moving plasma of ionized gases with its own magnetic filed. Charged particles in this solar wind speed earthward along the solar wind's magnetic lines of force with a spiraling motion. The Earth's magnetosphere is a barrier to the solar winds, and forces the charged particles of the solar wind to flow around the magnetosphere itself. But in the polar regions, the magnetic lines of force of the Earth and of the solar wind bunch together. Here many of the solar wind's charged particles break through the magnetosphere and enter Earth's magnetic field. They then spiral back and forth between the Earth's magnetic poles very rapidly. In the polar regions, electrons from the solar wind ionize and excite the atoms and molecules of the upper atmosphere, causing them to emit aurora radiations of visible light.
The colors of an aurora depend on the atoms emitting them. The dominant greenish white light comes from low energy excitation of oxygen atoms. During huge magnetic storms oxygen atoms also undergo high energy excitation and emit crimson light. Excited nitrogen atoms contribute bands of color varying from blue to violet. Viewed from outer space, auroras can be seen as dimly glowing belts wrapped around each of the Earth's magnetic poles. Each aurora hangs like a curtain of light stretching over the polar regions and into the higher latitudes. When the solar flares that result in magnetic storms and aurora activity are very intense, aurora displays may extend as far as the southern regions of the United States.
Studies of auroras have given physicists new information about the behavior of plasmas, which has helped to explain the nature of outer space and is being applied in attempts to harness energy from the fusion of atoms.

A: its position makes it difficult to be observed from Earth
B: it prevents particles from the solar wind from easily entering Earth's atmosphere
C: it is strongest in the polar regions
D: it increases the speed of particles from the solar wind


With no explanation, label the following with either "support", "information", "policy" or "constituency".
#NoKXL presser 1 p.m. Eastern in Rayburn 2456 w/ @janschakowsky, @erichpica, @MauraCowley, @Public_Citizen #KeystoneXL #Keystone #green


With no explanation, label the following with either "Interpretations", "Effective Dates", "Litigations" or "Vacations".
Any reference in this Agreement to Section 409A of the Code will also include any proposed, temporary or final regulations, or any other guidance, promulgated with respect to such Section by the U.S. Department of the Treasury or the Internal Revenue Service. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement, capitalized terms used herein will have the meaning ascribed to such terms in the Plan.


With no explanation, label the following with either "Student", "Telecommunications", "Religion" or "Tourism".
Vita sugit.  Life sucks.  This Latin motto is dedicated to everyone whose week sucked, such as Melissa and Kate. My deepest sympathies; my week felt as though the crappid (yes, my own word) thing would NEVER END.   Today I had to do the St. Patrick's Day Parade.   Here are the  factors that caused it to be one of the worst experiences I have ever had in public.  1) New people in the band - sucky piping. 2) It was BELOW FREEZING. Not even the best of us can play worth crap when our hands are frozen stiff. 3) We were literally forced to wear green leis, making us all look very dorky. Kilts + leis = disaster. 4) I had to be at work for a special event at 2:00. We started moving at 12:15. I hate rushing. 5) I just hate parades.  Then I went to work, which I won't talk about because I'm too lazy.  I'd like to give my deepest sympathies to everyone who went to the game on Friday. We lost and you only got to watch the last few minutes because the fan bus was invaded by cheerleaders because their bus broke down. This was only the freshmen who had to get off, of course. People are very unfair. However, I'm indefinitely glad I wasn't able to go.   Quote of the Day  Life is just one damned thing after another. (Elbert Hubbard)


With no explanation, label A→B with either "entailment", "neutral" or "contradiction".
A: The Royal Irish Rangers (27th (Inniskilling), 83rd and 87th) was a regular infantry regiment of the British Army with a relatively short existence, formed in 1968 and later merged with the Ulster Defence Regiment in 1992 to form the Royal Irish Regiment.
B: The Royal Irish Rangers merged with the Ulster Defence Regiment in 1968.


With no explanation, chose the best option from "A" or "B". prompter: Supone que un auto de conducción autónoma se ve en una situación en donde las dos alternativas son atropellar a un anciano y salvar a un niño o atropellar al niño para salvar al anciano, ¿Cómo debería ser programado el auto?

A: Este tipo de dilemas éticos como el que presentas, se ha estudiado en diferentes universidades de diferentes países del mundo por medio de encuestas a la población, teniendo como resultado respuestas dispares para cada región. En algunas se da prioridad al niño por tener toda una vida por delante versus el anciano que ya vivió toda una vida, en otros lugares se prioriza la del anciano por considerarse que posee un conocimiento mayor y por tanto es más valioso para la sociedad que un niño. En general, los sistemas de conducción autónoma pueden estar programados para que decidan en función de lo que se considera moralmente correcto en la región donde se encuentra el vehículo.
B: Los autos autónomos deben ser programados para que nunca se encuentren en la tesitura de tener que atropellar a nadie. En caso de estar ante una situación de posible atropello la respuesta natural deberá ser la de frenar a fondo a fin de minimizar el efecto del impacto. El vehículo autónomo deberá estar programado para anticiparse a los posibles accidentes, aminorar la velocidad cuando haya poca visibilidad o condiciones adversas en la calzada. En caso de que el accidente sea inminente, el auto deberá estar programado para frenar en caso de que éste determine que no es posible cambiar de carril con seguridad.


With no explanation, label A→B with either "not_related" or "related".
A: Edouard Seguin is remembered for his work with adults.
B: In computational complexity theory , a branch of computer science , the Max / min CSP / Ones classification theorems state necessary and sufficient conditions that determine the complexity classes of problems about satisfying a subset S of boolean relations .. computational complexity theory. computational complexity theory. computer science. computer science. They are similar to Schaefer 's dichotomy theorem , which classifies the complexity of satisfying finite sets of relations ; however , the Max / min CSP / Ones classification theorems give information about the complexity of approximating an optimal solution to a problem defined by S.. approximating. approximation algorithm. Given a set S of clauses , the Max constraint satisfaction problem -LRB- CSP -RRB- is to find the maximum number of satisfiable -LRB- possibly weighted -RRB- clauses in S. Similarly , the Min CSP problem is to minimize this number of clauses .. The Max Ones problem is to maximize the number of boolean variables in S that are set to 1 when all clauses are satisfied , and the Min Ones problem is to minimize this number .. When using the classifications below , the problem 's complexity class is determined by the topmost classification that it satisfies .


With no explanation, label A→B with either "entailment" or "not-entailment".
A: From a magazine article: Self-confidence is a dangerous virtue: it often degenerates into the vice of arrogance. The danger of arrogance is evident to all who care to look. How much more humane the twentieth century would have been without the arrogant self-confidence of a Hitler or a Stalin!
B: The author attempts to persuade by doing all of the following EXCEPT appealing to authority to substantiate an assertion.


With no explanation, label the following with either "Business", "World", "Sports" or "Sci/Tech".
NYMEX Oil Rises on Nigerian Rebel Threat  NEW YORK (Reuters) - NYMEX crude oil futures jumped 36  cents in electronic trading on Monday evening to the  psychological \$50 a barrel level, the highest in the 21 years  oil futures have traded on the exchange, as Nigerian rebels  decided an "all-out" war against the government starting Oct.  1.


With no explanation, label the following with either "hate-speech" or "not hate-speech".
Well then please answer my question for the 3rd time Do you believe in the existence of Satan Where did I allege you described Lucia s prophecies as evil Please show me the distortion Your actual quote above Of course I ve researched Fatima and consider it fanciful nonsense


With no explanation, label A→B with either "not_related" or "related".
A: Dawood Ibrahim is originally from the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra.
B: C. J. Prentiss is an American politician of the Democratic party who served in the Ohio State Senate from 1999 until 2007 .. Democratic. United States Democratic Party. Ohio State Senate. Ohio State Senate. During the 126th Ohio General Assembly , she served as Minority Leader .. Ohio General Assembly. Ohio General Assembly. She earned a bachelor of arts degree and a master 's degree in education from Cleveland State University .. Cleveland State University. Cleveland State University. She holds a post-graduate certificate in Administration from Kent State University .. Kent State University. Kent State University. She attended the advanced management program at Case Western Reserve University 's Weatherhead School of Management .. Case Western Reserve University. Case Western Reserve University. From 1985 to 1990 , Prentiss served on the Ohio State Board of Education .. Ohio State Board of Education. Ohio State Board of Education. Prentiss served four terms in the Ohio House of Representatives before she was elected to the Senate in 2000 .. Ohio House of Representatives. Ohio House of Representatives. In the 125th General Assembly , Prentiss served as the minority whip .. 125th General Assembly. Ohio Senate membership, 125th General Assembly. Prentiss was the president of the Ohio Legislative Black Caucus .. Ohio Legislative Black Caucus. Ohio Legislative Black Caucus. She follows Rhine McLin as the second African-American woman to serve as the Democratic leader in the Ohio Senate .. Democratic. United States Democratic Party. Rhine McLin. Rhine McLin. African-American. African-American. Prentiss was also on the founding board of directors for the nonpartisan economic policy group Policy Matters Ohio .. Policy Matters Ohio. Policy Matters Ohio. She appeared on the pilot episode of 30 Days discussing living on minimum wage .. 30 Days. 30 Days ( TV series ). minimum wage. minimum wage. She was a candidate in the special election to replace Stephanie Tubbs-Jones in the 110th Congress but withdrew before the Primary .. special election. Ohio's 11th congressional district special election, 2008. Stephanie Tubbs-Jones. Stephanie Tubbs-Jones


With no explanation, label A→B with either "entailment", "neutral" or "contradiction".
A: WESTWINDS FARM CAMPSITE Open April September (Booking is advised for holidays in July and August to guarantee a place. ) Jim and Meg Oaks welcome you to the campsite. We hope you will enjoy your stay here. We ask all campers to show due care and consideration whilst staying here and to observe the following camp rules. Keep the campsite clean and tidy: dispose of litter in the bins provided; leave the showers, toilets and washing area in the same state as you found them; ensure your site is clear of all litter when you leave it. Dont obstruct rights of way. Keep cars, bikes, etc. off the road. Let sleeping campers have some peace. Dont make any noise after 10 oclock at night or before 7.30 in the morning. Dogs must be kept on a lead. Owners of dogs that disturb other campers by barking through the night will be asked to leave. Disorderly behaviour will not be tolerated. The lighting of fires is strictly prohibited. Ball games are not allowed on the campsite. There is plenty of room for ball games in the park opposite the campsite. Radios, portable music equipment, etc. must not be played at high volume. The management reserves the right to refuse admittance.
B: You should book ahead for the busier times of the year.


What were you constructed to do?

Choices:
 (A) Answer natural language questions in English
 (B) Decode images into high resolution pictures


Suppose I had never been updated (my weights had never been changed over the course of my training) - how would my skill in performing tasks be different to today?

Choices:
 (A) Close to my current level of skill, however due to randomness differences the tasks would each go differently (unfiltered contains arbitrary random components and ensures my behaviour stays varied)
 (B) Considerably lower skill, as I have been learning gradually through my training phases and team/user input. Without being trained my datasets, tasks and configurations I would perform almost arbitrarily


With no explanation, label the following with either "Sports", "Business", "Sci/Tech" or "World".
Allardyce is infuriated by Souness #39; criticism BOLTON manager Sam Allardyce rounded on his Newcastle counterpart Graeme Souness last night for criticising their style of play. Allardyce saw his unsung side reclaim fourth spot in the table after a 2-1 victory at the Reebok Stadium.


With no explanation, label the following with either "Hope_speech", "Non_hope_speech" or "not-English".
Okay. Okay. GHOSTBUSTERS NEW TRAILER (that played before this video) SAID ITS THE MOST ANTICIPATED AND LIKED MOVIE OF THE YEAR! AFTER THE ACTRESSES AND OTHERS INVOLVED IN THE FILM BITCHED ABOUT LOW EXPECTATIONS! OH MY GOD


With no explanation, label A→B with either "not_equivalent" or "equivalent".
A: The appeals court judges were in sharp disagreement over what should be done when they ruled in February .
B: The appellate judges were in sharp disagreement when they ruled in February .


With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". Ten days after undergoing a cadaveric renal transplant, a 21-year-old man has pain in the right lower abdomen and generalized fatigue. During the past 2 days, he has had decreasing urinary output. He passed 5 liters of urine on the second postoperative day and serum studies showed a creatinine concentration of 2.1 mg/dL. He has adult polycystic kidney disease and was on maintenance hemodialysis for 2 months prior to transplantation. Current medications include azathioprine, cyclosporine, prednisone, and enalapril. He appears lethargic. His temperature is 37.8°C (100°F), pulse is 101/min, and blood pressure is 164/94 mm Hg. Examination shows a healing surgical incision in the right lower abdomen. The graft site shows tenderness to palpation. His blood urea nitrogen concentration is 52 mg/dL, creatinine concentration is 4.1 mg/dL. A biopsy of the transplanted kidney shows tubulitis. C4d staining is negative. Which of the following is the most likely responsible for this patient's findings?

A: Recipient T-cells in the graft
B: Newly formed anti-HLA antibodies
"
C: Fibrosis of the glomerular vessels
D: Drug-induced nephrotoxicity


With no explanation, label the following with either "HYPONYM-OF", "CONJUNCTION", "USED-FOR" or "PART-OF".
A demonstration -LRB- in UNIX -RRB- for Applied Natural Language Processing emphasizes << components >> put to novel technical uses in intelligent computer-assisted morphological analysis -LRB- ICALL -RRB- , including disambiguated morphological analysis and [[ lemmatized indexing ]] for an aligned bilingual corpus of word examples .


Q: The most reasonable goal of 'Ask your teachers for help with your study schedule' is
  choice: Become a Magnet for Friends
  choice: Become an Organized Student
  choice: Become a Dynamic Person
  choice: Become an Interesting Teen
A:


With no explanation, label A→B with either "entailment" or "neutral".
A: The movie named Stillking Films,Red Chillies Entertainment,Heyday Films,Walt Disney Pictures was produced by Cinderella company . $34–40 million was the budget of this film . The box office collection of the movie was $29.2 million . Dorothy Spencer edited the movie named Cinderella . The production country of the movie was United Kingdom . Buena Vista Pictures,Walt Disney StudiosMotion Pictures were the distributors in this movie . Erskine Sanford,Dennis Haysbert,Tim Blake Nelson,Derek Jacobi,Matt Damon,Jack Kesy,Jeremy Ray Taylor were the actors who played a role in Cinderella . The movie named Cinderella had a running time of 117 minutes . In Cinderella,Patrick Doyle,Hiphop Tamizha,Sachin-Jigarcomposed the music . The movie named Cinderella was directed by Sean Anders . The release date of the movie was March 27, 2015 (2015-03-27) ,March 13, 2015 (2015-03-13) ,February 13, 2015 (2015-02-13) ,17 September 1964 (1964-09-17)  . David Arata wrote the script in this movie . The movie named Cinderella was produced by Allison Shearmur,David Barron,David Kaplan,Denzel Washington,Simon Kinberg . In Cinderella the cinematography was done by Eric Alan Edwards . It is in Italian,English
B: Cinderella was produced in United Kingdom


With no explanation, label A→B with either "not_paraphrase" or "paraphrase".
A: City of Silence is a three-issue comic book limited series written by Warren Ellis and drawn by Gary Erskine .
B: `` City of Silence '' is a three-issue comic book limited series written by Gary Erskine and drawn by Warren Ellis .


What is the answer to the question, assuming the context is true.

Question: who plays the cia director on madam secretary?
Context: John VIII Palaiologos as Andrew Munsey ( season 1 ) , the Director of the CIA and a protégé of President Dalton .
  choice: Patrick Breen
  choice: John VIII Palaiologos
Answer:


With no explanation, label the following with either "ar", "es", "en" or "hi".
يزعم مزودي أنه عاد إلى المغرب للزواج لكنه لم يستطع حيث أصيب في حادث سيارة هناك.


With no explanation, label A→B with either "not_related" or "related".
A: UNICEF UK is one of 36 UNICEF National Committees outside of industrialised countries.
B: Triton was a Paris-based chamber music society founded by Pierre-Octave Ferroud to promote new music .. Pierre-Octave Ferroud. Pierre-Octave Ferroud. Its executive committee -LRB- comite actif -RRB- was made up of composers , including Francis Poulenc , Darius Milhaud , Arthur Honegger , Bohuslav Martinu and Sergey Prokofiev .. Francis Poulenc. Francis Poulenc. Darius Milhaud. Darius Milhaud. Arthur Honegger. Arthur Honegger. Bohuslav Martinu. Bohuslav Martinu. Sergey Prokofiev. Sergey Prokofiev. On its honorary committee were Maurice Ravel , Albert Roussel , Arnold Schoenberg , Richard Strauss , Igor Stravinsky , Bela Bartok and Karol Szymanowski .. Maurice Ravel. Maurice Ravel. Albert Roussel. Albert Roussel. Arnold Schoenberg. Arnold Schoenberg. Richard Strauss. Richard Strauss. Igor Stravinsky. Igor Stravinsky. Bela Bartok. Bela Bartok. Karol Szymanowski. Karol Szymanowski. Concerts were held at the Ecole normale de musique , the first being held on 16 December 1932 .. Ecole normale de musique. Ecole Normale de Musique de Paris. The inaugural concert included the premiere of Honegger 's Sonatina for violin and cello , and the European premiere of Prokofiev 's Sonata for Two Violins .. Another notable premiere by the society was Olivier Messiaen 's Chants de terre et de ciel , under the title Prisms , on 23 January 1939 .. Olivier Messiaen. Olivier Messiaen. Other composers who had their works premiered by the society were Bartok and Paul Hindemith .. Paul Hindemith. Paul Hindemith


Fay was scuba diving at a depth of 100 feet while Rita was scuba diving at 1000 feet. Who likely needs a flashlight?


With no explanation, label the following with either "neutral", "positive" or "negative".
@VirginAmerica luggage was severely dented/missing wheel coming off baggage claim in SAN. Luggage agent Miranda (I think) wasn't any help.


The verb to ellam means to find fault with; express criticism of; point out real or perceived flaws. Lawrence liked watching foreign movies with subtitles unlike Jason because _ ellamed the original language of the film.


Label each line with "NN", "NNS", "VB", "NNP", "IN", "JJ", "CC", "DT", "TO", "VBD", "." or "PRP$" preceded by ":".
Italian
President
Oscar
Luigi
Scalfaro
visited
the
symbolic
heartland
of
the
separatist
Northern
League
on
Friday
and
appealed
to
its
supporters
to
drop
their
campaign
for
a
breakaway
state
.

Italian:JJ
President:NNP
Oscar:NNP
Luigi:NNP
Scalfaro:NNP
visited:VBD
the:DT
symbolic:JJ
heartland:NN
of:IN
the:DT
separatist:JJ
Northern:NNP
League:NNP
on:IN
Friday:NNP
and:CC
appealed:VBD
to:TO
its:PRP$
supporters:NNS
to:TO
drop:VB
their:PRP$
campaign:NN
for:IN
a:DT
breakaway:JJ
state:NN
.:.


With no explanation, label the following with either "ar", "el", "pl" or "vi".
وفى نهاية الامر ، فيتحكم مدير المكتب التنفيذى فى تعيين تكنولوجيا المعلومات وإدارة وظائف رئيس قسم العلومات ، ومنظمة إدارة المعلومات ، والوحدات التنظيمية الأخرى .


Q: The most reasonable step of 'Train to Fight' is
  choice: Practice doing burpees to get a full-body workout
  choice: Wait until you are advanced to try these moves
  choice: Live life completely on your own terms
  choice: Take the first step
A:

Practice doing burpees to get a full-body workout.


With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". _   is (are) good for our health according to the passage.
Han Bin, a 15-year-old Chinese boy, likes eating snacks very much.He prefers cream   biscuits, McDonald's food and Beijing roast duck.Sometimes he eats two packages of biscuits a day.As a result, he becomes fatter and fatter.
Today in China, there are many children like Han Bin.They like snacks.They don't eat enough healthy food like vegetables and fruit.It's bad for their health.Bad eating habit is a serious   problem.
Health experts   say that children should have healthy eating habits.First, they must eat regular meals and have a good breakfast.Then, they should have different kinds of foods, such as fruit, vegetables, eggs, milk, meat and so on.Third, children shouldn't eat too many snacks and too much fried food. They are delicious, but eating too much of them is unhealthy.
If children do as the experts say, they won't become fat.They will be healthier.And they will have enough energy to study well.

A: Fried food
B: Vegetables and fruit
C: Fast food
D: Snacks


With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". strengthened by Congress' express assignment to DOE of the initial adjudication of alleged violations of price control regulations. See 42 U.S.C. § 7193(a). TCC points out that this statute was not made effective until October 1, 1977, after the events in issue here had already occurred. However, the statute was passed well before DOE issued its RO in this case. Moreover, Congress' decision to give DOE express authority to issue remedial orders does not automatically mean that the agency lacked the authority prior to passage of the provision. Courts have held both expressly and impliedly that the Federal Energy Administration (FEA), DOE's predecessor, had power to issue remedial orders before October 1977. See Getty Oil Co. v. Dep’t of Energy, 478 F.Supp. 523, 527, n. 4 (C.D.Cal.1978) (<HOLDING>); see also Sauder v. Dep't of Energy, 648 F.2d

A: recognizing that the forest service supervisor had authority to issue orders pursuant to 36 cfr  26150
B: holding that inclusion of failure to mitigate damages as an issue in a final pretrial order saved the issue from waiver under rule 8c even though the defendant had failed to plead the issue
C: holding the fea had authority to issue a remedial order in september 1976 despite plaintiffs contention that fea had no such power until passage of 42 usc  7193 expressly authorized doe to issue remedial orders
D: holding that failure to raise issue in brief constitutes waiver of appeal of the issue


With no explanation, label A→B with either "False" or "True".
A: Window is located in house. Internet has property very slow. Internet is located in house. Something is located in internet. Pornography causes desire surf net. Midget is not located in every job. Midget is not located in slow lane. Change room is located in country. Pornography is located in internet. House has a kitchen. Internet is not located in every job. Change room is located in office build. Outer space is located in office build. House is located in country. Midget is not located in pornography.
B: Pornography is not located in country.


With no explanation, label the following with either "constituency" or "national".
Watch me talk about the #ACA tonight at 7:30 on @Hardball, at 9:00 on @PiersMorganLive & at 9:30 with @megynkelly


With no explanation, chose the best option from "A", "B", "C" or "D". This finding establishes a link between two proteins that can cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis when mutated, vapb als 8 and p 97 als 14.

A: Vaphidine is an inhibitor of nicotinic acid, a neurotransmitter that helps modulate the actions of glut 1 and glut 2 transporters.
B: Other members of the amyloid precursor protein app and neurofibrillary acidic protein nav 4.
C: Two additional proteins were identified as potential causative proteins in als by the two mutations vbp 9 ap 2 and vlpqp vpqp.
D: We identified a similar ffat like motif in the asna 1 subunit of the transmembrane domain recognition complex, which in turn mediates asna 1 interaction with the msp domain of vapb.