2019. (MMXIX.), deveta je godina drugog desetljeća 21. stoljeća. Započela je i završila u utorak.

Opća skupština Ujedinjenih naroda proglasila ju je Godinom Periodnog sustava elemenata uz 150. obljetnicu njezina objavljivanja od Dmitrija Ivanoviča Mendeljejeva.

 Događaji
 Siječanj
 21. siječnja – U padu zrakoplova, koji je bio na putu iz Nantesa u Cardiff, poginuli su argentinski nogometaš Emiliano Sala i pilot zrakoplova Dave Ibbotson. Nogometaševo tijelo pronađeno je početkom veljače, dok tijelo pilota još uvijek nije. Sala je, inače, upravo nekoliko dana prije nesreće, potpisao ugovor s Cardiff Cityjem, razišavši se s francuskim Nantesom.
 27. siječnja – U bombaškom napadu na katedralu u Jolu na jugu Filipina poginulo dvadeset, a ranjeno više od stotinu ljudi.

 Veljača
 veljača – Pastoralnim pohodom Ujedinjenim Arapskim Emiratima papa Franjo postao je prvi katolički poglavar koji je posjetio neku bliskoistočnu zemlju.

 Ožujak
 15. ožujka – U terorističkom napadu na dvije džamije u Christchurchu ubijeno je 49 i ranjeno 48 muslimana, što predstavlja masovnu pucnjavu s najvećim brojem žrtava u povijesti Novog Zelanda.vijesti.hrt.hr, "Teroristički napad na Novom Zelandu - svijet potresen", objavljeno 15. ožujka 2019., pristupljeno 16. ožujka 2019.

 Travanj
 15. travnja – Katedrala Notre-Dame u Parizu pretrpjela je razarajući požar koji je uništio drveno krovište i samu unutrašnjost crkve.

 Svibanj
 3. svibnja - Svečano otvoren obnovljeni Franjevački muzej u Vukovaru.
13. svibnja - Orkanski vjetrovi u Zagrebu uzrokovali brojna oštećenja.

 Lipanj
 8. lipnja – Okrnjena Hrvatska nogometna reprezentacija pobijedila reprezentaciju Walesa u kvalifikacijama za Euro 2020. rezultatom 2-1.
 25. lipnja – Otvoreno šahovsko natjecanje Croatia Grand Chess Tour u Zagrebu, jedan od najjačih šahovskih turnira dosad. To je drugi takav svjetski turnir održan u Hrvatskoj, ali prvi u povijesti moderne Hrvatske. Prvi je turnir održan na hrvatskom tlu (olimpijada) davne 1950. Uz trenutačnog svjetskog prvaka Magnusa Carlsena i bivšeg prvaka Viswanathana Ananda, na turniru će sudjelovati i ostalih desetak najboljih svjetakih šahovskih velemajstora, ali svečanom sudjelovanju prisustvovao je i Garry Kasparov. Svečani govor održao je premijer Andrej Plenković. Turnir je trajao do 8. srpnja iste godine.

 Srpanj
 24. srpnja – U napadu na vozilo HV-a u Afganistanu smrtno ranjen hrvatski vojnik Josip Briški (27), ostala dvojica vojnika lakše su ozlijeđena.
 25. srpnja - Prvi komercijalni let u stratosferu u Hrvatskoj.():  Prvi komercijalni let u stratosferu u Hrvatskoj: Poslali salamu u svemir!?  Varaždinske vijesti. 28. srpnja 2019. Pristupljeno 26. travnja 2020.(): PIK naresci lansirani u stratosferu   PIK Vrbovec. Pristupljeno 26. travnja 2020.

 Kolovoz

 Kolovoza papa Franjo prihvatio je odreknuće mons. Josip Mrzljak na pastoralnoj upravi Varaždinska biskupije zbog navršene kanonske dobi umirovljen nasljednikom imenovan mons. Bože Radoš

 Rujan
 6. rujna – Hrvatska nogometna reprezentacija pobijedila Slovačku rezultatom 4:0 u sklopu kvalifikacija za Europsko prvenstvo 2020.
 9. rujna – Hrvatska nogometna reprezentacija s mnogo promašenih zicera nespretno remizirala s reprezentacijom Ajzerbajdžana u sklopu kvalifikacija za Europsko prvenstvo 2020.
 18. rujna – Dinamo Zagreb pobijedio talijanskog prvoligaša Atalantu u sklopu 1. kola grupne faze Lige prvaka rezultatom 4:0

 Listopad
 10. listopada – Hrvatska nogometna reprezentacija na Poljudu u sjajnoj atmosferi s lakoćom pobijedila Mađarsku rezultatom 3:0 u kvalifikacijama za Euro
 16. listopada – Hrvatska nogometna reprezentacija remizirala s izrazito defanzivnim Walesom rezultatom 1:1 u istom natjecanju
 22. listopada – zahvaljujuću sjajnoj izvedbi, Zagrebački Dinamo remizirao protiv Šahtara rezultatom 2:2 u grupnoj fazi Lige prvaka. Bilo je to prvo Dinamovo gostovanje u Ligi prvaka nakon 20 godina koje nije izgubio
 9. listopada – napad na sinagogu u Halleu (Njemačka)

 Studeni
 6. studenog – U nevjerojatnoj utakmici Dinamo remizirao protiv Šahtara rezultatom 3:3
 16. studenog – Hrvatska nogometna reprezentacija preciznim udarcima u drugom poluvremenu preokrenula rezultat i pobijedila Slovačku rezultatom 3:1 na Rujevici u posljednjoj kvalifikacijskoj utakmici za EP 2020., te tako osigurala nastup u istom natjecanju sljedećeg ljeta.
 26. studenog – Nakon drame protiv Šahtara, Zagrebački Dinamo izgubio od Atalante rezultatom 2:0 u grupnoj fazi Lige prvaka.
 29. studenoga - Ministarstvo kulture Republike Hrvatske donijelo je Rješenje kojim su hrvatska narječja proglašena nematerijalnim hrvatskim zaštićenim kulturnim dobrom.Uredništvo: Hrvatska narječja proglašena nematerijalnim kulturnim dobrom Jezik: časopis za kulturu hrvatskoga književnog jezika, god, 67., br. 1-. str. 1.

 Prosinac
 11. prosinca – Objavljeni su službeni ishodi referenduma o neovisnosti Bougainvillea od Papuanske Nove Gvineje, koji je održan od 23. studenog do 7. prosinca. Na referendumu je, od 206 731 registriranih birača, biračko pravo iskoristilo njih 181 067. Od njih je za veću autonomiju unutar Papuanske Nove Gvineje glas dalo 3 043 ljudi (1,69 %). Bilo je 1 096 nevažećih listića. Golema većina birača, njih 176 928 (98,31 %), glasovalo je za punu neovisnost Bougainvillea.bougainville-referendum.org, "Statement from the Commission", objavljeno i pristupljeno 11. studenoga 2019.www.theguardian.com, "Bougainville referendum: region votes overwhelmingly for independence from Papua New Guinea", objavljeno i pristupljeno 11. studenoga 2019.
 11. prosinca – Zagrebački Dinamo izgubio od Machester Citya rezultatom 4-1 u grupnoj fazi Lige prvaka te pobjedom Atalante nad Šahtarom završio na posljednjem, četvrtom, mjestu skupine istoga natjecanja.
 22. prosinca – Nakon prebrojanih glasova, u drugi krug predsjedničkih izbora ušli relativni pobjednik Zoran Milanović (29.55%) i Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović (26.65%). Miroslav Škoro ostao je na trećem mjestu nedaleko KGK (24.45%).
Napomena. Postotci u zagradama odnose se na ukupan broj birača koji su izašli na izbore.

 Rođenja

 Smrti
 Siječanj
 1. siječnja
 Franjo Emanuel Hoško, hrvatski franjevac i katolički svećenik (* 1940.)
 Ivo Gregurević, hrvatski glumac (* 1952.)
 2. siječnja
 Bob Einstein, američki glumac (* 1942.)
 Gene Okerlund, američki hrvački spiker (* 1942.)
 Marko Nikolić, srpski glumac (* 1946.)
 4. siječnja – Dora Manchado, posljednja govornica jezika tehuelchewww.infobae.com, "La imborrable obra de Dora Manchado: ¿la última guardiana de la lengua tehuelche?", objavljeno 30. siječnja 2019., pristupljeno 28. prosinca 2019.globalvoices.org, "Museums of the mind: Why we should preserve endangered languages", objavljeno 6. studenog 2019., pristupljeno 28. prosinca 2019.
 5. siječnja – Dragoslav Šekularac, srpski i jugoslavenski nogometaš, legenda Crvene zvezde (* 1937.)
 9. siječnja – Milan Pančevski, posljednji glavni tajnik Saveza komunista Jugoslavije (* 1935.)www.b92.net, "Preminuo Milan Pančevski", objavljeno 10. siječnja 2019., pristupljeno 11. siječnja 2019.
 10. siječnja – Theo Adam, njemački operni pjevač (* 1926.)
 13. siječnja – Phil Masinga, južnoafrički nogometaš (* 1969.)
 21. siječnja – Emiliano Sala, argentinski nogometaš, poginuo u zrakoplovnoj nesreći (* 1990.)
 25. siječnja – Dušan Makavejev, srpski filmski redatelj (* 1932.)
 27. siječnja – Robert Budak, hrvatski glumac (* 1992.)
 30. siječnja – Dick Miller, američki glumac (* 1928.)

 Veljača
 1. veljače – Clive Swift, američki glumac (* 1936.)
 4. veljače – Matti Ensio Nykänen, finski skakač na skijama, četverostruki olimpijski pobjednik (* 1963.)
 7. veljače – Anđa Perić, hrvatska stogodišnjakinja, najstarija živuća osoba u Hrvatskoj (* 1910.)
 10. veljače
 Carmen Argenziano, američki glumac (* 1943.)
 Nikica Vukašin, istaknuti hrvatski sportski novinar (* 1943.)
 Maximilian Reinelt, njemački veslač, osvajač zlatne medalje na OI 2012. (* 1988.)
 12. veljače – Gordon Banks, engleski nogometni vratar (* 1937.)
 15. veljače – Bruno Ganz, švicarski glumac (* 1941.)
 17. veljače – Šaban Šaulić, srpski pjevač narodne glazbe (* 1951.)
 19. veljače
 Karl Lagerfeld, njemački modni dizajner (* 1933.)
 Marko Samardžija, hrvatski jezikoslovac, kroatist, sveučilišni profesor i akademik (* 1947.)
 21. veljače
 Stanley Donen, američki redatelj i koreograf (* 1924.)
 Peter Tork, američki glazbenik, jedan od članova pop grupe The Monkees (* 1942.)
 23. veljače – Marijan Bradvić, hrvatski nogometaš (* 1948.)

 28. veljače – Josip Silić, hrvatski jezikoslovac, kroatist i teoretičar jezika (* 1934.)
 2. veljače – Luka Vuco , hrvatski pjevač (* 1948.)

 Ožujak
 3. ožujka – Milan Linzer, hrvatski političar i športski dužnosnik iz Austrije (* 1937.)
 4. ožujka
 Klaus Kinkel, njemački odvjetnik i političar (* 1936.)
 Luke Perry, američki glumac (* 1966.)
 Keith Flint, američki glazbenik (* 1969.)
 9. ožujka – Andrej Barbieri, slavni hrvatski chef (* 1969.)
 12. ožujka – Dubravko Vorih, hrvatski basist (* 1961.)
 17. ožujka – Suzana Barilar, hrvatska novinarka i kolumnistica Jutarnjeg lista (* 1972.)
 22. ožujka – Predrag Petrović, hrvatski glumac (* 1955.)

 Travanj
 3. travnja – Josip Zovko, televizijski glumac (* 1970.)
 14. travnja – Milivoj Boranić, hrvatski veslački trener (* 1928.)
 16. travnja – Bazilije Pandžić, hrvatski povjesničar i arhivist (* 1918.)
 19. travnja – Zora Dirnbach, hrvatska scenaristica i spisateljica (* 1929.)
 20. travnja – Dalibor Matošević, hrvatski gitarist, član Massimova pratećeg benda (* 1973.)
 24. travnja – Zoran Maroević, srpski košarkaš hrvatskog podrijetla (* 1942.)
 25. travnja
 Josip Ćuk, hrvatski športski strijelac (* 1936.)
 John Havlicek, američki košarkaš češko-hrvatskog podrijetla (* 1940.)
 29. travnja – Štefica Krištof, hrvatska kuglačica (* 1936.)

 Svibanj
 20. svibnja – Niki Lauda, austrijski vozač Formule 1 (* 1949.)
 23. svibnja – Zlatko Škorić, hrvatski nogometni vratar (* 1941.)
 25. svibnja – Miroslav Aksentijević, hrvatski odbojkaški trener (* 1973.)
 28. svibnja – Antun Cvek, hrvatski svećenik (* 1934.)
 30. svibnja – Ante Sirković, hrvatski nogometni vratar (* 1944.)
 31. svibnja – Đelo Jusić, hrvatski skladatelj (* 1939.)

 Lipanj
 1. lipnja – José Antonio Reyes, španjolski nogometaš (* 1983.)
 3. lipnja – Jurica Jerković, hrvatski nogometaš (* 1950.)
 4. lipnja – Lennart Johansson, nekadašnji predsjednik UEFA-e, utemeljitelj Lige prvaka (* 1929.)
 13. lipnja – Edith González, meksička glumica i plesačica (* 1964.)
 28. lipnja – Borislav Džaković, srpski košarkaški trener (* 1947.)
 30. lipnja – Momir Bulatović, crnogorski političar (* 1956.)

 Srpanj
 4. srpnja – Dorica Nikolić, hrvatska političarka (* 1948.)
 5. srpnja – Josip Braovac, hrvatski glumac (* 1987.)
 8. srpnja – Maja Perfiljeva, hrvatska pjesnikinja (* 1940.)
 30. srpnja – Ivo Lipanović, veslač i najstariji hrvatski olimpijac (* 1928.)

 Kolovoz
 10. kolovoza – Radoslav Katičić, hrvatski jezikoslovac (* 1930.)
 14. kolovoza – Ivo Malec, hrvatski skladatelj (* 1925.)
 16. kolovoza – Peter Fonda, američki glumac (* 1940.)
 18. kolovoza – Denis Kuljiš, hrvatski novinar, urednik i publicist (* 1951.)
 23. kolovoza – Rade Vešović, crnogorski nogometaš (* 1961.)

 Rujan
 6. rujna – Robert Mugabe, zimbabveanski državnik (* 1924.)www.vecernji.hr, "Preminuo Robert Mugabe, prvi čelnik Zimbabwea nakon neovisnosti", objavljeno i pristupljeno 6. rujna 2019.
 18. rujna – Fernando Ricksen, nizozemski nogometaš (* 1976.)

 Listopad
 26. listopada – Ante Matošić, hrvatski vaterpolist (* 1940.)

 Studeni
 12. studenog
 Martin Sagner, hrvatski glumac (* 1932.)
 Mani Gotovac, hrvatska kritičarka, dramaturginja, teatrologinja i spisateljica (* 1939.)
 14. studenog – Branko Lustig, hrvatski producent i glumac (* 1932.)
 9. studenog – Matija Vukšić, hrvatski redatelj (* 1982.)

 Prosinac
 1. prosinca – Shelley Morrison, američka glumica (* 1936.)
 1. prosinca – Jack Burns, američki glumac i plesač (* 2004.)
 6. prosinca – Stoyanka Mutafova, bugarska glumica (* 1922.)
 6. prosinca – Ron Leibman, američki glumac (* 1937.)
 8. prosinca – René Auberjonois, američki glumac (* 1940.)
 9. prosinca – Marie Fredriksson, švedska pjevačica (* 1958.)
 12. prosinca – Željko Rohatinski, hrvatski ekonomist (* 1951.)
 12. prosinca – Danny Aiello, američki glumac (* 1933.)
 14. prosinca – Anna Karina, danska glumica (* 1940.)
 24. prosinca – Andrew Dunbar, glumac
 25. prosinca – Aleksandar Bogdanović, hrvatski glumac (* 1974.)
 26. prosinca – Sue Lyon, američka glumica (* 1946.)
 29. prosinca – Neil Innes, pisac (* 1944.)

 Športski događaji

 Obljetnice i godišnjice

 1140. obljetnica Branimirove godine
 300. godišnjica smrti hrvatskog pjesnika i pisca Petra Kanavelića
 200. godišnjica rođenja skladatelja Vatroslava Lisinskog
 165. godišnjica smrti skladatelja Vatroslava Lisinskog
 100. godišnjica rođenja kardinala Franja Kuharića
 100. godišnjica rođenja đakovačko-srijemskog biskupa Ćirila Kosa
 80. godišnjica rođenja hrvatskog književnika Paje Kanižaja

 U popularnoj kulturi
 Radnja filma Istrebljivač (eng. Blade Runner) iz 1982. se odvija u Los Angelesu 2019.
 Radnja filma Trkač (eng. The Running Man) iz 1987. se odvija u Los Angelesu 2019.
Radnja My Chemical Romance-ovog Danger Days-a iz 2010. se odvija u Kaliforniji u 2019.

 Izvori

March 15 – In the terrorist attack on two mosques in Christchurch, 49 Muslims were killed and 48 injured, which represents a mass shooting with the highest number of victims in the history of New Zealand. news.hrt.hr, "Terrorist attack on New Zealand - the world tremendous," published March 15, 2019, accessed March 16, 2019.

Question: how many people were injured in the christchurch mosque attack

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Question: when is the new zealand terror attack coming out

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Question: how many people died in the christchurch mosque attack

48 muslimana , što predstavlja masovnu pucnjavu s najvećim brojem žrtava u povijesti Novog Zelanda.vijesti.hrt.hr , "" Teroristički

how many people died in the christchurch mosque attack

Question: when will news.hr's new zealand terror attack report be published

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Question: how many mosques were attacked in christchurch

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March 15 – In the terrorist attack on two mosques in Christchurch , 49 Muslims were killed and 48 injured , which represents a mass shooting with the highest number of victims in the history of New Zealand . news.hrt.hr , " Terrorist attack on New Zealand - the world tremendous , " published March 15 , 2019 , accessed March 16 , 2019 .

25th July

Question: who was killed in an attack on an hv vehicle in afghanistan

25th July

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Question: when does the new year start in 2019

25th July

Question: how old was josip briški when he was killed

25th July

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Question: where was the attack on the hv vehicle

25th July

Question: what nationality was josip briški

25th July

Question: what happened to the remaining two soldiers in the attack

25th July

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July 24 – In an attack on a HV vehicle in Afghanistan , the Croatian soldier Josip Briški ( 27 ) , the remaining two soldiers were slightly injured .

July 24 – In an attack on a HV vehicle in Afghanistan, the Croatian soldier Josip Briški (27), the remaining two soldiers were slightly injured. 25th July

The .

Question: who did croatian football team defeat in the last qualifying match for the EP 2020

The .

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Question: how did atalante beat zagreb

The .

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The .

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The .

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Question: what was the final score of the match between dinamo and shattar

The .

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2-0 in the group phase of the Champions League

rezultatom 2:0 u grupnoj fazi Lige prvaka

The .

2 - 0 in the group phase of the Champions League

Cold 6th November – In the incredible match Dinamo remised against Shattar with a result of 3:3 on 16th November – the Croatian football team with precise hits in the second half turned the result and defeated Slovakia with a result of 3:1 on Rujevica in the last qualifying match for the EP 2020 , and thus secured the performance in the same competition next summer .

November 26 – After a drama against Shahtar , Zagreb Dinamo lost from Atalante by 2 - 0 in the group phase of the Champions League .

29 November - the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Croatia has adopted a Resolution by which the Croatian narcissus is declared an immaterial Croatian protected cultural good . Official : Croatian narcissus declared an immaterial cultural good Language : magazine for the culture of the Croatian literary language , god , 67 , p.

26. studenog – Nakon drame protiv Šahtara, Zagrebački Dinamo izgubio od Atalante rezultatom 2:0 u grupnoj fazi Lige prvaka.

Cold 6th November – In the incredible match Dinamo remised against Shattar with a result of 3:3 on 16th November – the Croatian football team with precise hits in the second half turned the result and defeated Slovakia with a result of 3:1 on Rujevica in the last qualifying match for the EP 2020, and thus secured the performance in the same competition next summer. November 26 – After a drama against Shahtar, Zagreb Dinamo lost from Atalante by 2-0 in the group phase of the Champions League. 29 November - the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Croatia has adopted a Resolution by which the Croatian narcissus is declared an immaterial Croatian protected cultural good.Official: Croatian narcissus declared an immaterial cultural good Language: magazine for the culture of the Croatian literary language, god, 67, p. The .

December 11 – Official results of the referendum on the independence of Bougainville from Papua New Guinea, which took place from 23 November to 7 December, were announced.

WE THE BOUGAINVILLE REFERENDUM COMMISSION do hereby make the following statement regarding the conduct of the Bougainville Referendum 2019.
Number of votes for Greater Autonomy: 3,043
Number of votes for Independence: 176,928
Number of informal ballot papers: 1,096
We thank the two governments of Papua New Guinea and the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, and the people of the Bougainville for their outstanding participation in this historic process – one part of the Bougainville Peace Agreement. We recognise the Referendum has been a national event, and so also acknowledge and thank the people of Papua New Guinea.
As an electoral process that aspired to meet international standards, it is for observers, scrutineers and the media, and indeed the people themselves, to determine whether the conduct of the Referendum was inclusive, accessible, free and fair. We thank in particular scrutineers, and observers from here and overseas for bringing transparency and credibility to the process, and we look forward to their reports over the coming days and weeks.
However, as the mandated independent body appointed to conduct the Bougainville Referendum, it is our conclusion from what we witnessed ourselves throughout the process – through enrolment, polling and scrutiny – was an orderly process, following the laws and regulations provided, and was peaceful.We witnessed voting that was informed, free of fear and accessible.
Some of the numbers also tell an important story:
- The Referendum roll had equal numbers of women and men voting
- The Referendum roll had 25 per cent first time voters
- The voter turnout,of at least 85 per cent,was high when compared with international democratic electoral experience, and is the highest of any electoral process in Papua New Guinea
- The informal vote of 1,096 was low when compared with international democratic electoral experience and national elections.
We acknowledge the benefit of some new electoral practices for inclusive voting, including:
- Enrolment of Bougainvilleans in every province of PNG
- Display of the preliminary Referendum roll for public objections and scrutiny
- Postal voting for those travelling, sick or otherwise unable to access a polling place
- Provisional voting, for those not on the Referendum roll at their place of polling
- Out of country voting (in Solomon Islands and Australia)
- Special polling at hospitals, for people for with disabilities.
We are grateful for the resources, financial and human, provided to conduct the Referendum to this inclusive standard. These have been provided by the two governments, the electoral commissions of Papua New Guinea and Bougainville, and the international community. The latter has been provided from the United Nations and Australia, Germany, Ireland, Japan New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States.
We thank the Chief Referendum Officer and staff of the Secretariat for their tireless work. We also thank the Returning Officer, the 34 Assistant Returning Officers, and the thousands of temporary workers who carried out their role in a determined way, to deliver a credible process to the people of Bougainville.
Many other organisations also contributed to the good conduct of the Referendum. The Bougainville Police Service, and their counterparts from the Regional Security Mission with police from New Zealand, Australia, Fiji, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands, together with support from the Royal PNG Constabulary, provided for good law and order, and secure transport of polling materials. We also thank PNG High Commissions in Australia and Solomon Islands, and acknowledge local service providers.
Finally, we thank the people of Bougainville living far and wide in Australia, Solomon Islands, outside Bougainville in Papua New Guinea, and of course here in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville – who have come out to have their say.
We wish the two governments all the best in taking forward the Referendum result through a process of consultation, and on to the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea for final ratification as part of the ongoing peace process.
On Friday, we look forward to returning the Referendum Writ to the Governor-General in Port Moresby.

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December 11 – Official results of the referendum on the independence of Bougainville from Papua New Guinea , which took place from 23 November to 7 December , were announced .

January 1st Franjo Emanuel Hoško, Croatian Franc and Catholic Priest (born 1940)

Ivo Gregurević, Croatian actor (born 1952)

January 2 - Bob Einstein, American actor (born 1942)

Gene Okerlund, American Croatian speaker (born 1942)

Marko Nikolić, Serbian actor (born 1946)

5 January - Dragoslav Šekularac, Serbian and Yugoslav footballer, legend of the Red Star (born 1937)

10 January – Theo Adam, German opera singer (born 1926) 13 January – Phil Masing, South African footballer (born 1969)

January 21 – Emiliano Sala, Argentine footballer, died in an aircraft crash (born 1990).

25 January – Dušan Makaveev, Serbian film director (born 1932)

27 January – Robert Budak, Croatian actor (born 1992)

January 30 – Dick Miller, American actor (born 1928)

Por Javier Domingo*
"Patagones" es el nombre que fue dado por Magallanes a la gente que encontró en las costas de San Julián allá por 1520. Tres cautivos se llevó el portugués de recuerdo a bordo de su Nao Victoria. Uno de ellos (el único que sobrevivió unos pocos días) enseñó algunas palabras en su lengua a Antonio Pigafetta, el cronista de la expedición, que las escribió en su cuaderno de notas.
A pesar de la Historia, aquella lengua patagona, tehuelche, aonekko o, como ella la llamaba, aukko era todavía recordada por Dora Manchado, fallecida hace pocas semanas. Para los tehuelche, que tan extinguidos figuran en los medios y hasta en libros escolares, ella era un símbolo de su pueblo. Aprendió su aukko allá donde nació, en la "Reserva Camusu Aike" ("un nombre que le pusieron esos de Buenos Aires que no saben ni dónde están parados"). Cuando todo ese mundo se fue reduciendo, fue dejando de usar esas maneras de hablar. En sus últimos años, en Río Gallegos, Dora usaba el tehuelche sólo para charlar con su hermana, con alguna amiga, hasta que ya no tuvo con quién.
Que unas personas abandonen una lengua para pasar a otra sucede desde siempre, pero ahora el proceso se hace cada vez más rápido. La mayoría de las lenguas del planeta se va perdiendo, muchos dejan la propia para pasar a hablar una de mayor difusión. Esta situación genera dos respuestas políticas. Por un lado, las instituciones que representan a las lenguas mayoritarias compiten entre sí. Por el otro, algunos investigadores junto a activistas locales intentan la defensa de las lenguas amenazadas.
Todo esto es importante para estudiar aspectos de los conflictos interculturales entre los pueblos minoritarios y las sociedades nacionales, como el funcionamiento de la educación, la justicia o la salud. Es que casi siempre la desigualdad lingüística refleja la desigualdad social.
Para alertar sobre el tema de la desaparición de las lenguas se suelen hacer paralelos con la desaparición de los animales, al menos con algunos simpáticos como koalas o pandas. Se tiende a olvidar que las lenguas no son organismos vivos, si no una práctica social de las personas. También se habla de "patrimonio intangible" olvidando, otra vez, que las lenguas son prácticas materiales y que sus hablantes las modelan en el tiempo.
Esta pérdida de diversidad trajo grandes cambios en la manera de entender y de trabajar con las lenguas, porque los lingüistas se implican cada vez más en la vida de la gente con la que trabajan, y viceversa. Muchas veces estas personas no usan estas "lenguas en peligro" para comunicar en su día a día. Estos "últimos hablantes", transformados en símbolos de su lengua y su cultura, son los más emblemáticas del drama social de la "muerte" lingüística.
Los esfuerzos para preservar estas lenguas parecieran tener como consecuencia el reducirlas a un objeto, y también a sus hablantes. El título de "últimos hablantes" afecta profundamente sus vidas.
Cuando era una de las pocas que recordaba el tehuelche Dora recibía de vez en cuando visitas de curiosos. Es así como de repente -después de que uno tuvo que abandonar las canciones de cuna que escuchó cuando era chica, los chistes, los nombres de cosas que se usan todos los días "porque antes todas las cosas tenían nombre en tehuelche" y hasta los de tu familia- de repente entonces, viene alguien a golpear la puerta de tu casa y te pregunta "Doña Dora, ¿cómo se decía "pato amarillo"? "¿Ahora!?", habrá pensado Dora, y respondía.
Muchas de esas respuestas sirvieron para armar libros poco serios que hoy se ven(den) en toda la Patagonia y que sirvieron para adornar con nombres supuestamente tehuelches las estancias, escuelas, hoteles y restaurantes de la zona.
La nueva generación de tehuelches ya aprendió sólo el castellano. "Las madres no enseñaron la lengua para proteger a sus hijos" se escucha por ahí, como si la decisión hubiera sido consciente, como si fuera tan fácil comprender esas actitudes. Además, como si esa "protección" hubiera servido de algo, a esos hijos. Será en parte por eso, porque aún hablando todos en castellano las desigualdades siguen, que algunas personas hoy quieren recuperar su lengua.
Mi rol de investigador fue trabajar con Dora Manchado para aprender y también para colaborar con la comunidad. Una comunidad, en el sentido que se le da en antropología, no se refiere simplemente a personas que hablan la misma lengua. Se trata, más bien, de comprender cómo los grupos humanos construyen su participación a la cultura y a la sociedad a través del lenguaje.
Hay mejores maneras de explicarlo: en un encuentro en Las Heras (SC) entre gente que participa a la recuperación de la lengua, unos de la comunidad Kopolke y otros de Río Gallegos, nos contaron que los chicos del lugar se saludaban siempre diciendo waienguesh y estaban tan entusiasmados con aprender la lengua que la maestra las había invitado a que hicieran una presentación.
Le preguntamos entonces a una nena de Gallegos si había contado en su escuela que estaba aprendiendo tehuelche. Nos respondió más o menos así: "ni loca, si les cuento va a ser peor". Unos días después en el colectivo de regreso esa nena lloraba al lado mío. Le pregunté si la había pasado mal, para decir algo. Me respondió: "no, lloro de contenta. Yo no sabía que había otros chicos que decían waienguesh".
El tehuelche se usa hoy para desearse buenas noches, buen viaje, para escribir en una taza "feliz día" y para cambiar los estados de Whatsapp. La lengua aparece, sobretodo, cuando los más chiquitos dicen cosas que no puedo escribir acá, y los padres se ríen con un orgullo que no sentirían si las dijeran en castellano. Todas esas cosas las enseñaba Dora.
Durante varios meses en 2018 hicimos juntos un gran trabajo de documentación, grabaciones y videos para poder aprender la lengua. Esto, siempre y cuando los dolores y el humor lo permitieran, y si uno no metía la pata diciendo algo que arruinara todo. En esos momentos no había nada que hacer, ni intentar comprender. Qué sé yo lo que se siente no poder comunicar con nadie en tu proprio idioma.
Dora era probablemente una "muy mala informante" y, gracias a esta hermosa calidad, me enseñó que la lengua no es algo que se pueda anotar, ni guardar, ni "salvar". No tenía la lengua ya empaquetada, lista para que uno se la llevara. Ella sabía perfectamente que lengua significa interacción, pero también confianza, complicidad, picardía, intimidad. Me demostró que "lengua" significa compartir, y compañía.
Documentar la lengua requería preparar los materiales de antemano. Por ejemplo: hoy vamos a pedirle que nos explique estas cosas que figuran en el diccionario de Ana. O: vamos a ir al centro de interpretación a mostrarle pájaros de la zona. También: vamos a pedirle que nos cuente los cuentos del año pasado, que quedaron mal grabados.
Nada era tan fácil: "si esos cuentos ya los sabés", contestaba o "hace mucho joshn para bajar acá, ¿no querías ir a tomar un helado, vos?". En cuanto al diccionario, era como mirar fotos:
-Gaiaqqeshkke 'em gato dice acá, Dora. ¿Gaiaqqe quiere decir "cariñoso"?
-¿Y qué gato sería ese? Uno peludo que tenía yo sería, que siempre echado encima de mí andaba.
–Ol'aijj, Dora, ¿qué quiere decir?
-Gómez era. Así le decían, porque era ol'aijj, bien chata la nariz tenía. Venía cortando mata negra por el campo, y mamá se la compraba a veces.
-Tchaito sh emqe, dice acá.
¿Y quién habrá dicho eso? La María no, si no fumó nunca la María.
Una lengua no es algo que se tiene, si no que se hace. Si al sacarla del horno te explota una asadera de vidrio, vas a escuchar "dejeshkk kkattenwe", y también "qué risa que me da". Si preguntás cómo se dice "ellos hablan en tehuelche" tal vez te toque aprender "hoy me duele la rodilla". Si ese día no hay nubes, quizás aprendas a decir ppa'wen mañana, cuando las haya. De a poco vas a ir memorizando "¿dónde está mi bastón?", "abrile la puerta a la Pelusa, que quiere salir", y "servite vos también que comer sola me da vergüenza".
Recuperar una lengua es algo muy difícil, lleno de contradicciones y sinsentidos. No todos quieren participar en esta reconstrucción. Gracias a Dora Manchado tienen, si así lo quieren, la posibilidad de reafirmar su pasado y de reconstruir su identidad – un derecho de todos.
Aio t nash 'a'ieshm ten kot 'awkko, así dijo Dora la última noche que estuvimos juntos. A lo mejor mañana alguien va a hablar en tehuelche.
*Javier Domingo es un antropólogo de la Universidad de Montreal y uno de los investigadores al frente del proyecto de documentación de la lengua tehuelche, que fue financiado por el Endangered Languages Documentation Program del SOAS – University of London, el Endangered Language Fund y la Université de Montréal.
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January 1st Franjo Emanuel Hoško, Croatian Franc and Catholic Priest (born 1940)

Ivo Gregurević, Croatian actor (born 1952)

January 2 - Bob Einstein, American actor (born 1942)

Gene Okerlund, American Croatian speaker (born 1942)

Marko Nikolić, Serbian actor (born 1946)

5 January - Dragoslav Šekularac, Serbian and Yugoslav footballer, legend of the Red Star (born 1937)

10 January – Theo Adam, German opera singer (born 1926) 13 January – Phil Masing, South African footballer (born 1969)

January 21 – Emiliano Sala, Argentine footballer, died in an aircraft crash (born 1990).

25 January – Dušan Makaveev, Serbian film director (born 1932)

27 January – Robert Budak, Croatian actor (born 1992)

January 30 – Dick Miller, American actor (born 1928)

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January 1st Franjo Emanuel Hoško , Croatian Franc and Catholic Priest ( born 1940 )

Ivo Gregurević , Croatian actor ( born 1952 )

January 2 - Bob Einstein , American actor ( born 1942 )

Gene Okerlund , American Croatian speaker ( born 1942 )

Marko Nikolić , Serbian actor ( born 1946 )

4 January – Dora Manchado , last speech of the tehuelchewww.infobae.com , “ La imborrable obra de Dora Manchado : ¿ la última guardiana de la lengua tehuelche ? ” , published on 30 January 2019 , accessed on 28 December 2019.globalvoices.org , “ Museums of the mind : Why we should preserve endangered languages ” , published on 6 November 2019 , accessed on 28 December 2019 .

5 January - Dragoslav Šekularac , Serbian and Yugoslav footballer , legend of the Red Star ( born 1937 )

9 January – Milan Panchevsky , last Secretary - General of the Communist Union of Yugoslavia ( * 1935.)www.b92.net , “ Preminuo Milan Panchevsky ” , published on 10 January 2019 , accessed on 11 January 2019 .

10 January – Theo Adam , German opera singer ( born 1926 ) 13 January – Phil Masing , South African footballer ( born 1969 )

January 21 – Emiliano Sala , Argentine footballer , died in an aircraft crash ( born 1990 ) .

25 January – Dušan Makaveev , Serbian film director ( born 1932 )

27 January – Robert Budak , Croatian actor ( born 1992 )

January 30 – Dick Miller , American actor ( born 1928 )

Smrti Siječanj 1. siječnja Franjo Emanuel Hoško, hrvatski franjevac i katolički svećenik (* 1940.)

Ivo Gregurević, hrvatski glumac (* 1952.)

2. siječnja Bob Einstein, američki glumac (* 1942.)

Gene Okerlund, američki hrvački spiker (* 1942.)

5. siječnja – Dragoslav Šekularac, srpski i jugoslavenski nogometaš, legenda Crvene zvezde (* 1937.)

10. siječnja – Theo Adam, njemački operni pjevač (* 1926.) 13. siječnja – Phil Masinga, južnoafrički nogometaš (* 1969.)

21. siječnja – Emiliano Sala, argentinski nogometaš, poginuo u zrakoplovnoj nesreći (* 1990.)

25. siječnja – Dušan Makavejev, srpski filmski redatelj (* 1932.)

27. siječnja – Robert Budak, hrvatski glumac (* 1992.)

30. siječnja – Dick Miller, američki glumac (* 1928.)

January 1st Franjo Emanuel Hoško, Croatian Franc and Catholic Priest (born 1940) Ivo Gregurević, Croatian actor (born 1952) January 2 - Bob Einstein, American actor (born 1942) Gene Okerlund, American Croatian speaker (born 1942) Marko Nikolić, Serbian actor (born 1946) 4 January – Dora Manchado, last speech of the tehuelchewww.infobae.com, “La imborrable obra de Dora Manchado: ¿la última guardiana de la lengua tehuelche?”, published on 30 January 2019, accessed on 28 December 2019.globalvoices.org, “Museums of the mind: Why we should preserve endangered languages”, published on 6 November 2019, accessed on 28 December 2019. 5 January - Dragoslav Šekularac, Serbian and Yugoslav footballer, legend of the Red Star (born 1937) 9 January – Milan Panchevsky, last Secretary-General of the Communist Union of Yugoslavia (* 1935.)www.b92.net, “Preminuo Milan Panchevsky”, published on 10 January 2019, accessed on 11 January 2019. 10 January – Theo Adam, German opera singer (born 1926) 13 January – Phil Masing, South African footballer (born 1969) January 21 – Emiliano Sala, Argentine footballer, died in an aircraft crash (born 1990). 25 January – Dušan Makaveev, Serbian film director (born 1932) 27 January – Robert Budak, Croatian actor (born 1992) January 30 – Dick Miller, American actor (born 1928)

January 1st Franjo Emanuel Hoško, Croatian Franc and Catholic Priest (born 1940)

Ivo Gregurević, Croatian actor (born 1952)

January 2 - Bob Einstein, American actor (born 1942)

Gene Okerlund, American Croatian speaker (born 1942)

Marko Nikolić, Serbian actor (born 1946)

5 January - Dragoslav Šekularac, Serbian and Yugoslav footballer, legend of the Red Star (born 1937)

10 January – Theo Adam, German opera singer (born 1926) 13 January – Phil Masing, South African footballer (born 1969)

January 21 – Emiliano Sala, Argentine footballer, died in an aircraft crash (born 1990).

25 January – Dušan Makaveev, Serbian film director (born 1932)

27 January – Robert Budak, Croatian actor (born 1992)

January 30 – Dick Miller, American actor (born 1928)

Preminuo Milan Pančevski
Poslednji predsednik Saveza komunista Jugoslavije Milan Pančevski umro je u 84. godini u Skoplju, preneli su lokalni mediji.Izvor: Beta
Pančevski je bio dugogodišnji funkcioner u tadašnjoj Socijalističkoj Republici Makedoniji i jugoslovenskoj federaciji, SFRJ.
Član Saveza komunista Jugoslavije je postao 1957. godine, od maja 1984. do juna 1986. bio je predsednik Centralnog komiteta Makedonije, a od maja 1989. do maja 1990. bio je predsednik Centralnog komiteta Saveza komunista Jugoslavije.
Nakon osamostaljivanja Makedonije Pančevski se penzionisao i povukao iz aktivnog bavljenja politikom.
Pančevski je preminuo juče, a biće sahranjen sutra na skopskom groblju Butel.
Pratite nas na našoj Facebook i Instagram stranici, Twitter nalogu i uključite se u našu Viber zajednicu.

18 September - Fernando Ricksen, Dutch footballer (born 1976)

Robert Mugabe, prvi čelnik Zimbabwea nakon neovisnosti, umro je u dobi od 95 godina, objavili su mediji pozivajući se na obitelj.
Mugabe je umro nakon dugotrajne borbe s bolešću, navela je obitelj.
U studenome 2017. Mugabea je u državnom udaru svrgnula vojska nakon što je tri desetljeća bio na vlasti.
Mugabe je pobijedio na prvim izborima u Zimbabweu nakon neovisnosti, postavši premijer 1980. godine - na vrijeme da bude na sprovodu jugoslavenskog čelnika Josipa Broza Tita. To mjesto napustio je 1987. i postao predsjednik.
Mugabe je rođen 21. veljače 1924. godine u tadašnjoj Rodeziji. Bio je u zatvoru više od deset godina bez suđenja nakon što je kritizirao rodezijsku vladu 1964. godine, navodi BBC.
Godine 1973., dok je još bio u zatvoru, izabran je za predsjednika Zimbabveanske afričke nacionalne unije, kojoj je bio jedna od osnivača.

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. rujna – Robert Mugabe , zimbabveanski državnik ( * 1924.)www.vecernji.hr , "" Preminuo Robert Mugabe , prvi čelnik Zimbabwea nakon neovisnosti "" , objavljeno i pristupljeno 6 . rujna 2019

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September 6 – Robert Mugabe , Zimbabwean citizen ( * 1924.)www.vecernji.hr , “ Dead Robert Mugabe , the first leader of Zimbabwe after independence ” , published and accessed on September 6 , 2019 .

18 September - Fernando Ricksen , Dutch footballer ( born 1976 )

18. rujna – Fernando Ricksen, nizozemski nogometaš (* 1976.)

September 6 – Robert Mugabe, Zimbabwean citizen (* 1924.)www.vecernji.hr, “Dead Robert Mugabe, the first leader of Zimbabwe after independence”, published and accessed on September 6, 2019. 18 September - Fernando Ricksen, Dutch footballer (born 1976)

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