Passage: In the free-electron laser (FEL), a relativistic electron beam passes through a pair of undulators that contain arrays of dipole magnets whose fields point in alternating directions. The electrons emit synchrotron radiation that coherently interacts with the same electrons to strongly amplify the radiation field at the resonance frequency. FEL can emit a coherent high-brilliance electromagnetic radiation with a wide range of frequencies, from microwaves to soft X-rays. These devices are used in manufacturing, communication, and in medical applications, such as soft tissue surgery. Electrons are important in cathode ray tubes, which have been extensively used as display devices in laboratory, computer monitors and television. In a photomultiplier, every photomultiplier tube initiates a striking avalanche of electrons whose fields point in alternating directions. Electrons emit synchrotron radiation that coherently interacts with the same electrons to strongly amplify the radiation field at the resonance frequency. FEL inaweza kutoa coherent high-brilliance electr
coherent high-brilliance umeme wa sumaku