Cika wannan jumla: A shekara ta 1031 Edessa ta ba da ita ga Byzantines a ƙarƙashin George Maniakes ta gwamnansa na Larabawa. Larabawa sun sake kama shi, sannan kuma Helenawa, Armeniya, daular Seljuq (1087), Crusaders (1098), waɗanda suka kafa gundumar Edessa a can kuma suka riƙe birnin har zuwa 1144, lokacin da Imad ad-Din Zengi ya sake kama shi, kuma an kashe yawancin mazaunanta tare da babban bishop na Latin (duba
Siege na Edessa). Mun san waɗannan abubuwan musamman ta wurin masanin tarihin Armeniya Matthew, wanda aka haife shi a Edessa. A shekara ta 1144 birnin yana da yawan mutanen Armeniya 47,000. A cikin 1146, 'yan Salibiyya sun sake kwace garin na ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma sun rasa bayan' yan kwanaki. A cikin kalmomin Steven Runciman, "an kori dukan Kiristoci zuwa hijira [kuma t] babban birni, wanda ke da'awar cewa shi ne mafi tsufa na Kirista a duniya, an bar shi babu kowa kuma ya zama kango, kuma bai sake farfaɗowa ba har zuwa yau".