Kammala jumla mai zuwa: Biritaniya ta ci Burma bayan yaƙe-yaƙe uku na Anglo-Burmese a ƙarni na 19 kuma ƙasar ta zama mulkin mallaka na Biritaniya (wani ɓangare na Indiya har zuwa 1937 sannan kuma mulkin mallaka ne daban). Burma ta zama ƙasa mai zaman kanta a 1948, da farko a matsayin ƙasa mai dimokiradiyya sannan kuma, bayan wani
juyin mulki a shekarar 1962, mulkin kama karya na soja wanda a hukumance ya ƙare a shekarar 2011. A mafi yawan shekarun da ta samu 'yancin kai, kasar ta kasance cikin rikice-rikicen kabilanci da yawa kuma yawancin kabilun Burma sun shiga cikin daya daga cikin yaƙe-yaƙe mafi tsawo a duniya. A wannan lokacin, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da wasu kungiyoyi da yawa sun ba da rahoton ci gaba da cin zarafin haƙƙin ɗan adam a cikin ƙasar. A shekara ta 2011, an soke mulkin soja a hukumance bayan babban zaben shekara ta 2010, kuma an kafa gwamnatin farar hula. Kodayake sojoji suna da tasiri sosai ta hanyar kundin tsarin mulkin da aka amince da shi a 2008, ya ɗauki matakai don barin ikon gwamnati. Wannan, tare da sakin fitaccen mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam na Burma, Aung San Suu Kyi, da sauran fursunonin siyasa da yawa, ya inganta rikodin haƙƙin ɗan adam na ƙasar da alaƙar ƙasashen waje kuma ya haifar da sauƙaƙe cinikayya da sauran takunkumin tattalin arziki da Tarayyar Turai da Amurka suka ɗora. Akwai, duk da haka, ci gaba da zargi da gwamnati ta bi da mafi yawan musulmi 'yan kabilar Rohingya da kuma rashin amsawa ga rikice-rikicen addini da suka faru a ko'ina cikin kasar, wanda kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama daban-daban suka bayyana a matsayin manufofin tsabtace kabilanci.