Rubuta ci gaba don wannan sakin layi - Bayan Rabawar Farko ta Poland a 1772, a yunƙurin ƙarfafa Commonwealth da aka raunana sosai, Sarki Stanisław August Poniatowski ya aiwatar da jerin gyare-gyare don haɓaka sojojin Poland, tsarin siyasa, tattalin arziki, da jama'a. Waɗannan gyare-gyare sun kai ga ƙarshe tare da zartar da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Mayu a cikin 1791, wanda ya kafa masarauta ta tsarin mulki tare da rabuwa zuwa rassa uku na gwamnati, ya ƙarfafa bourgeoisie kuma ya soke yawancin gatan masu daraja da kuma yawancin tsoffin dokokin serfdom. Bugu da ƙari, don ƙarfafa matsayin Poland a duniya, Sarki Stanislaus ya rattaba hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Poland da Prussia na 1790, ya ba da ƙarin yankuna ga Prussia don musayar ƙawancen soja. Da yake ya fusata da abin da aka ɗauka haɗari ne, gyare-gyare irin na Jacobin, Rasha ta mamaye Poland a shekara ta 1792, ta soma Yaƙin Kare Tsarin Mulki
Ka yi haƙuri. Abandoned by her Prussian allies and betrayed by Polish nobles who desired to restore the privileges they had lost under the May Constitution, Poland ta tilasta wa Poland sanya hannu kan Raba ta Biyu na Poland a 1793, wanda ya ba da Dobrzyn, Kujavia, da kuma babban ɓangare na Greater Poland zuwa Prussia da duk lardunan gabashin Poland daga Moldavia zuwa Livonia zuwa Rasha, yana rage Poland zuwa kashi ɗaya bisa uku na asalinsa kafin Raba ta Farko.