Kammala jumla mai zuwa: Sabuwar ƙungiyar Real ta Austria-Hungary ta ci gaba har tsawon rabin karni. Manufofin da ke murkushe farkawar kasa a cikin ƙasashen Czech a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Austriya sun ci gaba, da kuma murkushe farkawar kasa ta Slovak a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Hungary. Ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 lokaci ne na ƙaruwar yawan jama'a da kuma saurin birane. Yawan jama'a a cibiyoyin masana'antu ya ninka ko ya ninka sau uku a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata. A farkon karni na 20, Austria ta haɗu da Bosnia a shekara ta 1908 ya haifar da
Rikicin Bosnian kuma ya haifar da kisan gillar Ferdinand d'Este, wanda ya haifar da yakin duniya na farko a shekara ta 1914. Da yawa daga cikin masu kishin ƙasa na Czech sun ga yaƙin a matsayin dama don samun cikakken 'yanci daga Austria-Hungary. Tserewa tsakanin 'yan Czech da aka ɗauka a matsayin na yau da kullun kuma an kafa Legions na Czechoslovak don yin yaƙi a gefen ikon Entente. A cikin Yarjejeniyar Cleveland ta 1915, wakilan Czech da Slovak sun bayyana burinsu na ƙirƙirar jihar gama gari, bisa ga haƙƙin mutane na yanke shawara. Sa'ad da Yaƙin Duniya na I ya ƙare a shekara ta 1918, Mulkin Bohemia ya daina wanzuwa kuma sabuwar jamhuriyar dimokiradiyya ta Czechoslovakia ta ɗauki matsayinta.