Kammala jumla mai zuwa: Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Masarautar Afghanistan da Tarayyar Soviet sun kulla dangantakar abokantaka, kuma na biyun ya ba da taimako da ci gaba ga Afghanistan. Bayan da
Saur juyin juya halin, kasashen biyu sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar abokantaka a shekarar 1978. A cikin 1979 Tarayyar Soviet ta shiga tsakani a Afghanistan tare da Operation Storm-333. Wannan aikin ya haifar da mummunan martani a mafi yawan kasashen musulmi da ke ganin hakan a matsayin mamayewa, kuma yana ba da gudummawa ga raguwar wadatar Afghanistan da karfafa abubuwa masu tsattsauran ra'ayi a cikin kasar. Gwamnatin Afghanistan da Rasha ta goyi baya ta rushe a shekarar 1992. Koyaya, alaƙar Rasha da Afghanistan ta ɗan inganta a cikin shekarun da suka biyo bayan rikicin. Rasha yanzu tana da ofishin jakadancin a Kabul da kuma babban ofishin jakadancin a Mazar-e-Sharif, kuma Afghanistan tana da ofishin jakadancin a Moscow.