Kammala jumla mai zuwa: Bayan ƙarshen yaƙin, an sake kafa Czechoslovakia kafin 1938, ban da Carpathian Ruthenia, wanda ya zama wani ɓangare na Ukrainian SSR (Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Soviet). Daga 1948 zuwa 1989, Czechoslovakia ta kasance wani ɓangare na Gabashin Gabas tare da tsarin tattalin arziki. Matsayinta na tattalin arziki ya kasance a matsayin memba na Comecon daga 1949 da matsayinta na tsaro a cikin Yarjejeniyar Warsaw na Mayu 1955. Wani lokaci na sassaucin ra'ayi na siyasa a 1968, wanda aka sani da Prague Spring, an ƙare shi da ƙarfi lokacin da Tarayyar Soviet, tare da taimakon wasu ƙasashe na Warsaw Pact
sun mamaye Czechoslovakia. A cikin 1989, yayin da gwamnatocin Marxist-Leninist da kwaminisanci ke ƙarewa a duk faɗin Turai, Czechoslovaks cikin lumana sun hambarar da gwamnatin su ta gurguzu a cikin Juyin Juya Halin; an cire ikon sarrafa farashin jihar bayan wani lokacin shiri.