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Second Battle of Champagne to minimize casualties in the Battle of Verdun, Pétain became commander of French forces in 1917. ️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️ étain blâmbed a lack of men and material for the defeat, but had himself participated in the egregious miscalculations that led to the Maginot Line, and the belief that the Ardennes were impenetrable. ️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️<unk>️