U fiirso qoraalka hoose ka dibna ka jawaab su'aasha kadib isla luqadda qoraalka:  Passage: Novell waxay ku salaysnayd nidaamkeeda shabakada Xerox Network Systems (XNS), waxayna sameysay heerarkeeda u gaarka ah IDP iyo SPP, oo ay ugu magac dartay Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) iyo Sequenced Packet Exchange (SPX). Adeegyada faylasha iyo daabacaadda waxay ku socdeen NetWare Core Protocol (NCP) IPX, sida ay sameeyeen Protocol Information Protocol (RIP) iyo Protocol Advertising Protocol (SAP).  Suaal: Maxay ka dhigan yihiin xarfaha SAP?
Xeerka Xayeysiinta Adeegga