Soo koob maqaalka:  Qareen Shiine ah oo karti leh oo laga mamnuucay in uu ka shaqeeyo California sababtoo ah Sharciga Ka Saarida Shiinaha ee 1882 ayaa ugu dambeyntii la siiyay liisan, 89 sano kadib dhimashadiisa. 'Waxay sidoo kale dhabar jab ku ahayd dad kale oo aan tiradooda la koobi karin, sida Chang oo kale, oo ku hanjabay in ay noqdaan qareen kaliya in riyadooda dib loo dhigo sababtoo ah jinsiyadooda, shisheeye, ama jinsiyadooda,' go'aanka maxkamada oo codka wadajirka ah lagu akhriyay. Waxaa la soo dhaafay waqtigii la aqoonsan lahaa in ka reebista takoorka ah ee Chang laga saaray qareenka gobolka California ay ahayd khalad aad u weyn. Halganka: Hong Yen Chang, wuxuu ka yimid gobolka Guangdong, Shiinaha, wuxuu u safray Mareykanka sanadkii 1872 markuu ahaa 12 jir. Wuxuu bartay sharciga Kolombiya, isagoo ka qalin jabiyay 1886 isagoo helay 'dhibcaha sare ee imtixaannada'. Laakiin waxaa laga mamnuucay inuu ku dhaqmo California maadaama uu ahaa 'qof asal ahaan ka soo jeeda Mongolia' Defiant: Nolosha dambe, Hong wuxuu u adeegay bangiye iyo diblomaasi, waxaana siiyay dhakhtar sharciyeed dowladda Shiinaha. laakin waligiis looma ogola in uu qareen ka noqdo California. Hong Yen Chang, oo ka soo jeeda Xiangshan, Gobolka Guangdong, ayaa loo doortay inuu u safro Mareykanka 1872 markii uu jiray 12 sano, isagoo qayb ka ah Hawlgalka Waxbarashada Shiinaha. Wuxuu bartay sharciga Yale iyo Kolombiya, halkaas oo uu ka qalin jabiyay 1886 isagoo leh 'dhibcaha sare ee imtixaannada'. Si kastaba ha noqotee, inta ka hartay noloshiisa wuxuu la kulmay halgan uu ku dhaqmayo sharciga, sida ku xusan sharciga qarnigii 19aad 'qofka dhalashada Mongoliyaanka' looma aqbali doono qareenka. Sanadkii 1888, ka dib wada tashi dheer, Gobolka New York wuxuu meel mariyay Sharci loogu talagalay Gargaarka Hong Yen Chang, kaas oo ka tanaasulay Sharciga Ka-reebista Shiinaha ee gobolka, taasoo u oggolaaneysa inuu helo rukhsad uu ku dhaqmo sharciga New York. Laakiin mas'uuliyiinta California waxay sheegeen inaysan aqoonsaneyn go'aanka New York, taasoo ka dhigeysa Hong mid aan ka shaqeyn karin halkaas. Isniintii, Maxkamadda Sare ee California waxay siisay liisanka sharciga ee Hong, oo loo yaqaan qareenka ugu horreeya ee Shiinaha ku dhashay ee Mareykanka. Tani waxay u timid jawaab codsiyada ay soo gudbiyeen farcanka Hong, iyo sidoo kale Ardayda Sharciga ee Aasiya Pacific Pacific. Ururka (APALSA) ee...
Hong Yen Chang, oo geeriyooday 1926, wuxuu ahaa qareen tayo leh oo ka qalin jabiyay Colombia. Wuxuu la dagaalamay noloshiisa oo dhan inuu ku dhaqmo sharciga, laakiin waxaa laga mamnuucay California sababo la xiriira sharci mamnuucaya 'qofka dhalashada Mongoliya' ee xirfadda. Hadda Maxkamada Sare ee California waxay siisay fasax dhimashadiisa kadib, iyadoo leh xitaa hadii aan dib u celin karin taariikhda, waan qirsan karnaa