U fiirso qoraalka hoose ka dibna ka jawaab su'aasha kadib isla luqadda qoraalka:  Wadada: Kibo barafkiisa oo yaraada ayaa jira sababtoo ah Kilimanjaro waa buur aad u weyn oo yar oo ka sareysa xadka barafka. Daboolku wuu kala go'an yahay oo wuxuu ku kala go'an yahay geesaha barafka shaqsiyeed. Qeybta dhexe ee barafka waxaa go'doomiya joogitaanka godka Kibo. Barafleyda iyo barafka dushooda ma muujiyaan dhaqdhaqaaqyo toosan oo muhiim ah maxaa yeelay dhumucdooda hoose waxay ka hortageysaa isbeddelka weyn. Caddaynta juqraafiyeed waxay muujineysaa shan dhacdo oo baraf ah oo isku xigta intii lagu jiray xilligii Quaternary, oo kala ah Kowaad (500,000 BP), Labaad (in ka badan 360,000 sano ka hor ilaa 240,000 BP), Saddexaad (150,000 ilaa 120,000 BP), Afraad (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan "Main") (20,000 ilaa 17,000 BP), iyo Yar (16,000 ilaa 14,000 BP). Qeybta Saddexaad ayaa laga yaabaa inay ahayd tan ugu ballaaran, Qeybta Yar waxay umuuqataa mid aan laga duwanaan karin Qeybta Afraad. Qeyb baraf ah oo joogto ah oo daboolaya qiyaastii 400 kiiloomitir oo laba jibbaaran (150 sq mi) ilaa 3,200 mitir (10,500 ft) ayaa daboolay Kilimanjaro inta lagu gudajiray ugu dambeyntii barafka ee xilligii Pleistocene (dhacdadii ugu weyneyd ee barafka), oo ka sii ballaartay buuraha Kibo iyo Mawenzi. Sababtoo ah xaaladaha qallalan ee aadka u dheer ee ka dambeeyay Younger Dryas Stadium, meelaha barafka ee Kilimanjaro waxaa laga yaabaa inay bakhtiyeen qiyaastii 11,500 sano ka hor. Qodobbada barafka ee laga soo qaatay Kilimanjaro ee Waqooyiga Barafka (NIF) waxay muujinayaan in barafka halkaas ku yaal ay leeyihiin da'da aasaasiga ah ee qiyaastii 11,700 sano, in kasta oo falanqaynta barafka laga soo qaatay 2011 laga soo qaaday dhagaxyada toosan ee NIF ay taageerayaan da'da oo gaareysa 800 sano BP. Heerarka roobabka ee sareeya bilowgii xilligii Holocene (11,500 sano BP) ayaa u oggolaaday barafka inuu dib u habeeyo. Barafka ayaa ka badbaaday abaar baahsan intii lagu jiray muddo saddex qarni ah oo bilaabatay qiyaastii 4,000 sano ka hor.  Su'aal: Imisa jir ayaa leh barafka laga soo qaaday Kilimanjaro Northern Ice Fields?
11,700 oo sano