U fiirso qoraalka hoose ka dibna ka jawaab su'aasha kadib isla luqadda qoraalka:  Gelitaanka: Ensaamyada qaarkood uma baahna qaybo dheeraad ah si ay u muujiyaan firfircooni buuxda. Kuwa kale waxay u baahan yihiin molecules aan protein ahayn oo loo yaqaano cofactors si ay u noqdaan kuwo firfircoon. Cofactors waxay noqon karaan kuwo aan dabiici ahayn (tusaale ahaan, ion birta ah iyo kooxaha birta iyo baaruudda) ama xeryahooda dabiiciga ah (tusaale ahaan, flavin iyo heme). Cofactors-yadaani waxay u adeegaan ujeedooyin badan; tusaale ahaan, ion-yada birta waxay gacan ka geysan karaan xasilinta noocyada nukleophilic-ka ee ku jira goobta firfircoon. Cofactors-yada dabiiciga ah waxay noqon karaan coenzymes, oo laga sii daayo goobta firfircoon ee enzyme inta lagu jiro falcelinta, ama kooxaha prosthetic, oo si adag ugu xidhan enzyme. Kooxaha qalabka dabiiciga ah waxaa lagu xiri karaa (tusaale ahaan, biotin ee enzymes sida pyruvate carboxylase). Tusaale ahaan enzyme oo ay ku jiraan cofactor waa carbonic anhydrase, kaas oo lagu muujiyey jaantuska ribbon ee kor ku xusan oo leh zinc cofactor ku xiran qayb ka mid ah goobta firfircoon. Ion-yada ama molecules-yada si adag isku xidhan waxaa sida caadiga ah laga helaa goobta firfircoon waxayna ku lug leeyihiin kicinta. Tusaale ahaan, flavin iyo heme cofactors ayaa inta badan ku lug leh falcelinta redox. Enzymes-ka u baahan cofactor laakiin aan lahayn mid xiran waxaa loo yaqaan apoenzymes ama apoproteins. Enzyme oo ay la socdaan cofactor-ka loo baahan yahay waxqabadka waxaa lagu magacaabaa holoenzyme (ama haloenzyme). Ereyga holoenzyme waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa enzymes oo ay ku jiraan subunits badan oo borotiin ah, sida DNA polymerases; halkan holoenzyme waa dhameystiran oo ka kooban dhammaan subunits loo baahan yahay waxqabadka.  Su'aal: Flavin iyo heme sidee ayaa loo kala saari karaa?
isku-dhafka dabiiciga ah