Halkaan hoose ka akhriso ka dibna ka jawaab su'aasha ka dibna afka la mid ah sida marinka: Passage: Waayo, superconductors uu saadaaliyay in 1982 dhibic tricritical ee jaantuska wajiga u dhexeeya nooca-I iyo nooca-II superconductors halkaas oo amar of kala guurka beddelo ka labaad in koowaad. saadaasha ayaa la xaqiijiyay in 2002 by jilitaanka kombiyuutarka Monte Carlo. Aragtida ku salaysan yahay aragtida field khalkhalka dual in aragtida field si L.D. Landau ee kala guurka wajiga taas oo Kleinert horumariyo buugaagta ku saabsan Fields Gauge in Matter qallafsan. aragtida this, sifooyinka tirakoobka ee wareegaya wareegaya ama khadadka cillad waxaa lagu tilmaamay sida excitations aasaasiga ah iyadoo la kaashanayo beeraha, kuwaas oo jaantuska Feynman waa sawirada khadadka. Su'aal: Goorma ayaa lagu qabtay jilitaanka Monte Carlo?
Sannadkii 2002