Pedzisa mashoko anotevera: Magwaro aiva muPortugal (uye munyika yaizova) muzana remakore rechi8 kusvika ku12 akanyorwa nechiVisigothic; kubvira pakati pezana remakore rechi12 zvichienda mberi, kwemazana emakore, akanyorwa neCarolingian minuscule uye, gare gare, nechiGothic. Kubvira muna 1385 zvichienda mberi, ndiko kuti, pashure pokunge John I akapiwa korona achigumisa
MuPutukezi Interregnum, pane kuchinja kukuru mumanyorero ezvinyorwa zvakabudiswa neRoyal Chancery: iyi script itsva (yakatanga kunzi "johannine script" ne paleographer) ine simba rezvinyorwa zveFrench neGothic.