Pedzisa mutsara unotevera: Pashure pokubudirira kweMitambo yeOlympic, pamwe chete nokubudirira kwaLeMond uyo akakunda Tour de France katatu naAndy Hampsten uyo akakunda Giro d'Italia muna 1988 kutasva bhasikoro kwakafarirwa muUnited States. Somugumisiro chizvarwa chitsva chevachengeti vemabhasikoro vokuAmerica chakabuda, vazhinji vavo vaizokwikwidza pamwero wepamusoro-soro kusanganisira Lance Armstrong, Bobby Julich, George Hincapie, Tyler Hamilton, Fred Rodriguez, Kevin Livingston naFloyd Landis. Nepo pakanga pane kuratidzirwa kudoping muAmerica, kwakanga kusati kwava kwakapararira sezvayakanga iri muEurope uye vatasvi vemabhasikoro veAmerica vakawana kumwe kubudirira kubatanidza Armstrong pa
1993 Mukombe Wenyika. Panguva iyo vazhinji vevatasvi vemabhasikoro vakasvika zvikwata zvehunyanzvi zvisinei, vakaona kuti vaisakwanisa kukwikwidza pakati pezvakanakisa mumutambo sezvo uku kwaive kutanga kwenguva yeEPO mukuchovha bhasikoro. Izvi hazvina kutanga kuonekwa pakati pevateveri nevatori venhau kusvika muna 1998 Festina Affair, asi kunyangwe chiitiko chikuru ichi chaive chisina kukwana kuchinja maitiro evazhinji vatyairi vepamusoro uye zvikwata.