Pedzisa mutsara unotevera: Kuitira hanya "kuzvisimbisa" kweChina kwakaratidzwa naFeng Guifen (1809<unk>1874) munhevedzano yezvidzidzo zvakapihwa naye kuna Zeng Guofan muna 1861. Feng akawana unyanzvi muhondo achitungamirira boka revazvipiri muhondo yehurumende yeQing yokurwisa
Vapanduki veTaiping. Muna 1860 akatamira kuShanghai, kwaakaororwa zvikuru neruzivo rwokugadzira zvombo rwekumadokero.