Mulder akaita elemental kuongorora zvakajairika mapuroteni uye vakawana kuti anenge zvose mapuroteni aiva chete empirical fomura, C400H620N100O120P1S1. Akauya kuti kukanganisa mhedziso kuti vangadaro rinoumbwa chete mhando (guru kwazvo) morekuru. Izwi rokuti "mapuroteni" kutsanangura mamorekuru aya akanga akakurudzira kubudikidza Mulder kuti shamwari; mapuroteni rinobva muchiGiriki shoko πρώτειος (proteios), zvichireva "wokutanga", "mu mutobvu", kana "kumira pamberi", + -in. Mulder akaenda kuziva mapuroteni kuparara zvigadzirwa sezvo shoma amino asidhi akadai amino leucine iyo aifunga kuti zvinokosha (nearly 131 mamorekuru uremu).
Jöns Jacob Berzelius