VaDutch vakapandukira Philip II weSpain nevatevedzeri vake. Zvikonzero zvikuru zvekumukira kwacho kwaive kumisikidzwa kwemitero mitsva, peni yegumi, uye kutambudzwa kwechitendero kwevaPurotesitendi neInquisition ichangobva kuunzwa. Kumukira uku kwakapfuurira muHondo Yamakore Makumi Masere, iyo yakazopedzisira yaendesa kurusununguko rweDutch. Yakasundirwa nesimba nemutungamiri weDutch Revolt mutungamiri William the Silent, iyo Republic yeDutch yakazozivikanwa nekushivirira kwayo kwechitendero. MaJuda kubva kuIberian Peninsula, maHuguenot kubva kuFrance, vatengesi vanobudirira nevadhinda kubva kuFlanders, uye vapoteri vezvehupfumi nechitendero kubva kumatunhu anotongwa neSpanish eNyika dzepasi vakawanikwa muAmsterdam. Kuwanda kwevadhinda veFlemish uye kushivirira kwechitendero kweguta kwakaita Amsterdam nzvimbo yeEuropean Press.
Iberian Peninsula