Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu:  Passage: DSM-IV inorondedzera kuti munhu anonwisa doro anodhakwa zvinodhaka uye inoratidza imwe nzira yokurondedzera nayo udhakwa. Muchikamu, ikoku ndekwe kubetsera mukukudziridzwa kwegadziriro dzokutsvakurudza umo zviwanwa zvinogona kuenzaniswa nomumwe nomumwe. Maererano neDSM-IV, chirwere chokudhakwa chinonzi: "kunwa doro zvisina kukodzera kuchiratidzwa nokushayikwa kwezviratidzo zvitatu zvinotevera mukati megore rimwe chete: kushivirira; kurega kunwa doro; kunwa doro rakawanda kana kuti kwenguva yakareba kupfuura zvaidiwa; kuda kana kuti kuedza kusabudirira kuderedza kana kuti kudzora doro; kupedza nguva yakawanda uchiwana doro, kurishandisa, kana kuti kupora; kurega kuita zvimwe zvinhu zvine chokuita nemagariro evanhu, basa, kana kuti zvokuzvivaraidza; kuramba uchirishandisa doro pasinei nokuziva kuti rinokanganisa muviri kana kuti pfungwa". Pasinei zvapo nokusanyatsojeka kweshoko racho, kwave kune kuedza kutsanangura kuti shoko rokuti udhakwa rinofanira kududzirwa sei apo rinosangana naro. Muna 1992, yakatsanangurwa neNational Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence (NCADD) neASAM se"chirwere chikuru, chisingaperi chinoratidzwa nokusakwanisa kudzora kunwa, kunyanya kufunga nezvezvinodhaka zvinodhaka, kunwa doro pasinei nemigumisiro yakaipa, uye kukanganisa kufunga". MeSH ine chinyorwa che "kunwa doro" kubva muna 1999, uye inoreva tsananguro ya1992. AA inotsanangura kunwa doro sechirwere chinosanganisira kurwara mumuviri (apo "kurwara" kune chirevo chakasiyana neicho chinoshandiswa mukurapa kwazvino.) uye pfungwa yekupindwa muropa. Chiremba uye nyanzvi yokurwara nezvinodhaka Dr. William D. Silkworth M.D. anonyora achimiririra AA kuti "Vanonwisa doro vanotambura ne"chishuvo [chomuviri] chisingagoni kudzorwa nepfungwa". Fundo ya1960 yakaitwa naE. Morton Jellinek inorangarirwa kuva hwaro hwepfungwa yemazuva ano yezvirwere zveudhakwa. Tsananguro yaJellinek yakaganhurira kushandiswa kweshoko rokuti udhakwa kune avo vanoratidza nhau chaiyo yomusikirwo. Tsananguro yazvino uno yokurapa yeudhakwa yakavandudzwa kanoverengeka chifo chenguva iyeyo. American Medical Association inoshandisa shoko rokuti udhakwa kureva chirwere chikuru chisingaperi.  Mubvunzo: Ndechipi chimwe chirwere chokunwa doro zvisina mwero?
DSM-IV inorondedzera kupindwa muropa nedoro