Kubva muna 1517, mumakore ekutonga kweOttoman, kuchengetwa kweBasilica kwakapokana zvakanyanya pakati pevaKaturike nemaGreek Orthodox machechi. Pakupera kwezana ramakore rechi16, Bheterehema rakanga rava rimwe remisha mikuru mudunhu reJerusarema, uye rakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvinomwe. Mhuri yeBasbus yakashanda sevatungamiriri veBheterehema pakati pevamwe vatungamiriri panguva ino. Chinyorwa chemutero cheOttoman uye kuverengwa kubva muna 1596 kunoratidza kuti Bheterehema yaive nevanhu vanosvika 1,435, ichichiita iro regumi nematatu guta rakakura muPalestine panguva iyoyo. Mari yayo yese yaive 30 000. Bheterehema yakabhadhara mutero pagorosi, bhari uye mazambiringa. VaMuslim nevaKristu vakarongedzwa kuita nharaunda dzakasiyana, mumwe nemumwe aine mutungamiri wake. Vatungamiriri vashanu vemusha pakati pezana ramakore rechi16, vatatu vavo vaive maMuslim. Zvinyorwa zveOttoman zvakange zvichiratidza kuti vanhu veBheterehema vaive mutero mukuru mudunhu hweJerusarema, uye vakaparadzana
Chechi yeKaturike neGreek Orthodox