Ramba uchinyora ndima iyi - Ichangobva kukunda muHondo yechipiri yePunic, Republic yeRoma yakaramba ichikura kumadokero kweMediterranean, ichiita mushandirapamwe muIberian peninsula muzana rose ramakore uye ichibatanidza mhenderekedzo yeNorth Africa mushure mekuparadzwa kweguta reCarthage pakupera kweHondo yechitatu yePunic
. Vakava simba guru muAegean nekuparadza Antigonid Makedhonia muMakedhonia Hondo neKorinde muAchaean Hondo. Umambo hwechiHellenistic hwePtolemaic Egypt neAttalid Pergamon hwakapinda muhukama hwehukama nevaRoma <unk> Pergamon yakazopedzisira yabatanidzwa. Mugumo wezana ramakore akapupurira gadziridzo yeuto reRoma kubva muuto ravagari kuva simba rounyanzvi rokuzvidira, munhungamiro yomukuru mukuru akakurumbira uye murume wehurumende Gaius Marius (Marian Reforms).