Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (kuteerera); 15 Gumiguru 1931 <unk> 27 Chikunguru 2015) aive musayendisiti weaerospace akashanda semutungamiri wechi11 weIndia kubva muna 2002 kusvika 2007. Akazvarwa uye akakurira muRameswaram, Tamil Nadu uye akadzidza physics uye aerospace engineering. Akapedza makumi mana emakore anotevera semusayendisiti uye sainzi manejimendi, kunyanya kuDefense Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) neIndian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) uye aibatanidzwa zvakanyanya muhurongwa hwevanhu vekuIndia uye muchiuto missile yekuvandudza kuyedza. Saka akazozivikanwa seMissile Man of India nekuda kwebasa rake rekuvandudza missile ballistic uye kuvhura mota tekinoroji. Akatambawo chinzvimbo chakakosha musangano, hunyanzvi, uye zvematongerwo enyika muIndia's Pokhran-II yenyukireya bvunzo muna 1998, yekutanga yenyukireya bvunzo yeIndia muIndia mu1974. Akasarudzwa semutungamiri weIndia's highest honorary, kusanganisira Bharatiya Janata, yekutanga Indian yenyukireya b
Bharat Ratna