Kubva muzana ramakore rechi8 AD zvichienda mberi, vazivi venyeredzi vakagadzira nzira dzekufungidzira uye kuverenga nzira yekuenda kuMecca (qibla) <unk>uye kureba kwayo<unk> kubva kune chero nzvimbo paPasi. Kubva muzana ramakore rechi9 zvichienda mberi ivo vaishandisa spherical trigonometry uye nzira dzekufungidzira mepu kuti vaone huwandu uhu nenzira kwayo. Kuverenga kwacho kwakanyanya kushandurwa kweiyo equatorial polar coordinates yeMecca (kureva kureba kwayo uye latitude) kune yayo polar coordinates (kureva qibla yayo uye kureba) zvine chekuita nehurongwa hune mareferenzi meridian ndiyo denderedzwa hombe kuburikidza nenzvimbo yakapihwa uye mapundu ePasi, uye ane polar axis ndiyo mutsara kuburikidza nenzvimbo uye antipodal poindi. Kune akasiyana epachivande nhoroondo dzekuunzwa kwepolar coordinates sechikamu chehurongwa hwehurongwa hwehurongwa hwehurongwa. Iyo nhoroondo yeHarvard yakaburitswa muna 1625 uye yakazotsanangurwa mubhuku raProfessor Julian de Loyola Bonventuri de Saint-Vincent de Cavalier de
Kwakatangira Zviratidzo zvePolar Coordinates