Nyanzvi yechi4 inotaurwa mundima iyi inonzi ani? Tichifunga nezvemubvunzo wapfuura, nyora mashoko akapoteredza mhinduro yacho. Inogona kuva mitsara 1 - 20. Mashoko akapoteredza:
Dzimwe nyanzvi dzemazuva ano, dzakadai saFielding H. Garrison, dzinoti sayenzi yezvokuumbwa kwenyika yakatanga kuPersia pashure pokunge mauto evaMuslim apedza kukunda. Abu al-Rayhan al-Biruni (973<unk>1048 CE) aiva mumwe wevaPezhiya vekare vezvematongerwe enyika, avo mabasa avo aisanganisira zvinyorwa zvekare pamusoro pezvematongerwe enyika zveIndia, vachifungidzira kuti Indian subcontinent yaimbova gungwa. Achishandisa mabhuku esayenzi echiGiriki neechiIndia asina kuparadzwa nokukunda kwevaMuslim, nyanzvi yePersia Ibn Sina (Avicenna, 981<unk>1037) akataura tsananguro dzakajeka dzokuumbwa kwemakomo, mavambo ezvidhutu, nedzimwe nhau dzinokosha kujegeology yazvino uno, izvo zvakagovera hwaro hunokosha hwokufambira mberi kwapashure kwesainzi. MuChina, nyanzvi yokudzidza zvinhu zvakawanda Shen Kuo (1031<unk>1095) akataura pfungwa yokuti nyika yakaumbwa sei: achishandisa zvaakacherechedza nezvezvitunha zvemhuka mumakomo ari kure nemakumi emakiromita kubva kugungwa, akafunga kuti nyika yakaumbwa nokudonha kwemakomo uye nokuiswa kwevhu.