Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu:  Kupfuura: Kufambira mberi kwakawedzerwa mualgebra kwakaitwa naAl-Karaji mubhuku rake rinonzi al-Fakhri, kwaanowedzera nzira yacho kuti ibatanidze simba rehuwandu uye midzi yehuwandu hwehuwandu husingazivikanwi. Chimwe chinhu chiri pedyo nechiratidzo kupfurikidza nokurudziro yemasvomhu chinooneka mubhuku rakanyorwa naAl-Karaji munenge muna 1000 AD, uyo akachishandisa kubvumikisa theorem yebinomial, triangle yaPascal, uye muunganidzwa wemacube akabatanidzwa. Mumwe munyori wenhoroondo dzemasvomhu anonzi F. Woepcke akati Al-Karaji ndiye "akatanga kutaura nezvemasvomhu ealgebraic calculus". Uyewo muzana remakore rechi10, Abul Wafa akashandurira mabasa aDiophantus muchiArabic. Ibn al-Haytham ndiye aiva nyanzvi yemasvomhu yokutanga kuwana nzira yokuwedzera nayo simba rechina, achishandisa nzira inonyatsozivikanwa kuti aone nzira yokuwedzera nayo simba rechina. Akaita kubatanidza kuti awane vhoriyamu yeparaboloid, uye akakwanisa kuita kuti zvaakawana zvive zvakazara zvemapolynomials kusvika padanho rechina. Nokudaro akaswedera pedyo nokuwana mutoo wakazara wemubatanidzwa wemapolynomials, asi akanga asina hanya nemapolynomials akakwirira kudarika dhigirii rechina. Mukupera kwezana remakore rechi11, Omar Khayyam akanyora Hurukuro dzeZvinetso muEuclid, bhuku pamusoro pezvaaiona sezvikanganiso muEuclid's Elements, zvikurukuru parallel postulate. Akanga ariwo wokutanga kuwana mhinduro dzomujometri dzokuenzanisa kwokubatanidza zvinhu. Akanga anewo pesvedzero huru mukushandurwa kwekarenda. Muzana ramakore rechi13, Nasir al-Din Tusi (Nasireddin) akaita kufambira mberi mune spherical trigonometry. Akanyorawo basa rine simba pamusoro peEuclid's parallel postulate. Muzana remakore rechi15, Ghiyath al-Kashi akaverenga kukosha kwapi kusvika kunzvimbo yegumi nenhanhatu. Kashi aivawo nealgorithm yokuverenga midzi ye nth, iyo yaiva nyaya chaiyo yenzira dzakapiwa mazana emakore akawanda gare gare naRuffini naHorner.  Mubvunzo: Ndiani akashandurira basa raDiophantus muchiArabic muzana ramakore rechi10?
Abul Wafa