Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu:  Passage: Kusimbisa kutengesa zvinhu kunze kwenyika pane zvinhu zvakagadzirwa kwakasimbisa kuwedzera kwakakosha mumitemo yekutengeserana kweAustralia kubvira pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechi21, nekuda kwekukwira kwemitengo yezvinhu. Australia ine chiyero chemari inobhadharwa inopfuura 7% yeGDP isina kunaka, uye yave iine zvikwereti zvakakura zveakaundi yezvinoitika kwemakore anopfuura 50. Australia yakakura paavhareji pagore pamwero we3,6% kweanopfuura makore gumi nemashanu, zvichienzaniswa neavhareji yegore negore yeOECD ye2,5%.Australia ndiyo yega hupfumi hwakasimukira husina kusangana nekuderera nekuda kwekuderera kwemari yepasi rose muna 2008<unk>2009. Zvisinei, upfumi hwenyika nhanhatu dzinonyanya kutengeserana neAustralia hwave huri mumamiriro ezvinhu okuderera, izvo zvave zvichikanganisawo Australia, zvichikanganisa zvikuru kukura kwayo mune zvoupfumi mumakore achangopfuura. Kubva muna 2012 kusvika kutanga kwa2013, hupfumi hwenyika yeAustralia hwakakura, asi dzimwe nyika dzisiri dzekuchera uye hupfumi hweAustralia husiri hwekuchera hwakasangana nekuderera. Hurumende yeHawke yakadzora dhora reAustralia muna 1983 uye yakadzora chikamu chemari. Hurumende yaHaward yakatevera nokuregererwa kwechikamu chemusika wevashandi uye kuwedzerwa kwezvemabhizimisi ehurumende, kunyanya mumhizha yekukurukurirana. Hurongwa hwemitero isina kunanga hwakashandurwa zvikuru muna Chikunguru 2000 pamwe nokuunzwa kwe10% Goods and Services Tax (GST). Muhurongwa hwemitero yeAustralia, mutero wemunhu wega wega uye wemakambani ndiwo manyuko makuru emari yehurumende. Kubva munaGunyana 2018, paive nevanhu 12,640,800 vakashandiswa (ingave yakazara-kana chikamu-nguva), iine huwandu hwekushaikwa kwemabasa hwe5.2%. Mashoko akabudiswa pakati paNovember 2013 akaratidza kuti nhamba yevanhu vanobatsirwa nemari yehurumende yakawedzera ne55%. Muna 2007 vanhu 228,621 vakanyoresa kuti vabhadharwe mari yeNewstart yekushaikwa kwemabasa, nhamba yakawedzera kusvika pa646,414 muna March 2013. Maererano neGraduate Careers Survey, basa renguva yakazara revashandi vatsva vanokwanisa kubva kumabasa akasiyana-siyana rakaderera kubva muna 2011 asi rinowedzera kune vakapedza kudzidza makore matatu mushure mekupedza kudzidza.Kubva muna 2008, inflation...  Mubvunzo: Australia yave iine dambudziko rokushomeka kwemari kwenguva yakareba sei?
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