Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu:  Passage: Kunyange zvazvo vachiyeukwa zvikuru nokuda kwokudhirowa mepu yeMwedzi, Johann Heinrich Mädler naWilhelm Beer vakanga vari "varondedzeri venzvimbo" vokutanga. Vakatanga nokutaura kuti zvinhu zvakawanda zvepasi reMars zvaigara zviripo uye nokunyatsotsanangura nguva inotenderera nyika. Muna 1840, Mädler akabatanidza makore gumi okucherechedza ndokudhirowa mepu yokutanga yeMars. Panzvimbo pokupa mazita kuzviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana, Beer naMädler vakangozvirondedzera nemabhii; Meridian Bay (Sinus Meridiani) nokudaro yaiva chinhu "a". Nhasi, zvinhu zviri paMars zvinotumidzwa kubva mumanyuko akasiyana-siyana. Zviratidzo zvealbedo zvinonzi maererano nengano dzekare. Makomba makuru anopfuura makiromita 60 anopiwa mazita evasayendisiti nevanyori vakafa uye vamwe vakabatsira pakudzidza nezveMars. Makomba maduku anodarika makiromita 60 akatumidzwa mazita emataundi nemisha yenyika ine vanhu vari pasi pe100 000. Mipata mikuru inotumidzwa zita rokuti "Mars" kana kuti "nyeredzi" mumitauro yakasiyana-siyana; mipata miduku inotumidzwa mazita enzizi. Zviratidzo zvikuru zvealbedo zvinochengeta mazita akawanda ekare, asi zvinowanzogadziridzwa kuratidza ruzivo rutsva rwechimiro chezviratidzo. Somuenzaniso, Nix Olympica (chando cheOlympus) yava Olympus Mons (Gomo reOlympus). Nzvimbo yeMars sezvinoratidzwa kubva kuPasi yakakamurwa kuva marudzi maviri enzvimbo, dzine albedo yakasiyana. Mapani akajeka akafukidzwa neguruva nejecha rakazara neoxides yesimbi yakatsvuka kare aifungidzirwa se"makondinendi" eMars uye akapiwa mazita akadai seArabia Terra (nyika yeArabia) kana kuti Amazonis Planitia (bani reAmazon). Zvinhu zvakasviba zvaifungidzirwa kuva makungwa, naizvozvo mazita awo Mare Erythraeum, Mare Sirenum uye Aurorae Sinus. Chinhu chakasviba chikuru chinoonekwa kubva kuPasi ndiSyrtis Major Planum. Chikamu chokumusoro chechando chinogara chiripo chinonzi Planum Boreum, nepo chikamu chokumaodzanyemba chichinzi Planum Australe.  Mubvunzo: Syrtis Major Planum inoonekwa sei kubva kuPasi?
Chinhu chakasviba chikuru