Zvimwe zvigadziridzo kumutemo we octet zvakaedzwa kubatanidza zvinhu zve ionic mu hypervalent bonding. Seimwe yezvakagadziriswa izvi, muna 1951, pfungwa ye 3-center 4-electron (3c-4e) bond, iyo yakatsanangura hypervalent bonding ne qualitative molecular orbital, yakatsanangurwa. 3c-4e bond inotsanangurwa se matatu mamorekuru orbital anopiwa nekubatanidzwa kwep atomic orbital pane iyo atomu yepakati uye orbital yeatomu kubva kune imwe neimwe yeviri ligands pamativi akapesana epakati atomu. Imwe chete yemaviri maviri ema electron iri kutora orbital yemamorekuru inosanganisira kusunga kune yepakati, yechipiri isiri-kusunga uye kutora orbital yemamorekuru inoumbwa nemaviri chete maatomu kubva kuma ligands. Uyu muenzaniso umo mutemo we octet wakasimudzirwawo naMusher. Mubvunzo: Ndeapi ma orbital ari mu 3-4e?
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