Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu:  Passage: Cygnus X-1 (yakapfupikiswa Cyg X-1) inonzi galactic X-ray source muCygnus constellation, uye yekutanga yakadaro inogamuchirwa zvakanyanya kuti igomba dema. Yakawanikwa muna 1964 panguva yekubhururuka kwe rocket uye ndeimwe yemanyuko akasimba e X-ray anoonekwa kubva kuPasi, ichigadzira yakakwira X-ray flux density ye 2.3 × 10−23 Wm−2 Hz−1 (2.3 × 103 Jansky). Chinoramba chiri chimwe chezvinhu zvomuchadenga zvakanyanyodzidzwa mukirasi yacho. Chinhu ichi chakaoma kunzwisisa zvino chinofungidzirwa kuva nehuremu hunenge hwenguva 14.8 hwezuva uye chakaratidzwa kuva chiduku zvikuru kuti chive rudzi rupi norupi runozivikanwa rwenyeredzi yakajairika, kana chimwe chinhu chinobvira kunze kwegomba dema. Kana zvirizvo, nharaunda yechiitiko chayo ine 300 km "se muganho wepamusoro kune yakatwasuka chiyero chenzvimbo sosi" yeapo neapo X-ray kuputika kunogara kweinenge 1 ms. Cygnus X-1 ndeye yakakwira-mass X-ray binary system, iri anenge 6,070 mwenje-makore kubva kuZuva, iyo inosanganisira bhuruu supergiant inochinja nyeredzi inonzi HDE 226868 iyo inotenderera ingangoita 0.2 AU, kana 20% yemugwagwa kubva kuPasi kuenda kuZuva. Mhepo inobva kunyeredzi yacho inopa zvinhu zvokugadzira dhisiki rinenge richipoterera panobva mwaranzi yeX-ray. Zvinhu zviri mudhisiki romukati zvinopisa kusvika pamamiriyoni emadhigirii, zvichiita kuti pave nemwaranzi yeX. Jets mbiri, dzakarongwa dzakatwasuka kudisiki, dziri kutakura chikamu chesimba rezvinhu zviri kuwira kure munzvimbo iri pakati penyeredzi. Iyi gadziriro ingave iri yesangano renyeredzi rinonzi Cygnus OB3, izvo zvingareva kuti Cygnus X-1 ine makore anenge mamiriyoni mashanu uye yakaumbwa kubva kunyeredzi yakatangira iyo yakanga ine uwandu hwezuva hunopfuura 40. Ruzhinji rwenyeredzi rwakaraswa, sezvingabvira zvikurusa semhepo yenyeredzi. Kudai nyeredzi iyi yakabva yaputika ikava supernova, simba rakakonzerwa naro ringadai rakabudisa zvakasara mugadziriro yacho. Nokudaro nyeredzi yacho ingave panzvimbo pezvo yakaputsika zvakananga mugomba dema. Cygnus X-1 yakanga iri nhau yokubheja kwesayenzi kwoushamwari pakati pevanafizikisi Stephen Hawking naKip Thorne muna 1974, naHawking achibheja kuti yakanga isiri gomba dema. Akabvuma kubheja muna 1990 pashure pokucherechedza mashoko...  Mubvunzo: Ndeipi tsime remwaranzi inonzi ndiyo gomba dema rokutanga kuwanikwa?
Cygnus X-1