Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu:  Mashoko anokosha: Dzidziso yaDarwin yokusarudzwa kwomuzvarirwo yakavaka nheyo yedzidziso yemazuva ano yokushanduka-shanduka, uye kuedza kwake nokucherechedza zvakaratidza kuti zvipenyu zviri mumapoka evanhu zvaisiyana-siyana, kuti zvimwe zvezvinhu izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogarwa nhaka, uye kuti misiyano iyi yaigona kuitwa nokusarudzwa kwomuzvarirwo. Zvisinei, aisagona kutsanangura kwaibva misiyano iyi. Kufanana navakawanda vakamutangira, Darwin nenzira isina kururama akafunga kuti mavara anogarwa nhaka akanga ari chibereko chokushandiswa uye kusashandiswa, uye kuti mavara akawanwa mukati mehupenyu hwomuviri aigona kupfuudzwa kuvana vawo. Akatsvaka mienzaniso, yakadai seshiri huru dzinodya pasi dzichiwana makumbo akasimba kupfurikidza nokurovedza muviri, namapapiro asina kusimba kubva pakusabhururuka kutozosvikira, kufanana neshururu, dzisingagoni kubhururuka chose chose. Uku kusanzwisisana kwakadanwa kuti nhaka yezviratidzo zvakawanwa uye kwakanga kuri rutivi rworondedzero yokushandurwa kwemarudzi yakatangwa muna 1809 naJean-Baptiste Lamarck. Mukupera kwezana ramakore rechi 19 iyi rondedzero yakazivikanwa seLamarckism. Darwin akabudisa dzidziso isina kubudirira yaakadana kuti pangenesis kuti aedze kutsanangura kuti mavara anowanikwa sei aigona kugara nhaka. Muma1880, ongororo dzaAugust Weismann dzakaratidza kuti kuchinja kunokonzerwa nokushandiswa uye kusashandiswa hakugoni kugara nhaka, uye dzidziso yaLamarck yakatanga kuderera zvishoma nezvishoma. Mashoko akanga asipo aida kubatsira kutsanangura kuti zvinhu zvitsva zvaigona sei kubva kumubereki kuenda kuvana vake akagoverwa nebasa rokutanga rezvemagariro evanhu raGregor Mendel. Kuedza kwaMendel nezvizvarwa zvinoverengeka zvezvirimwa zvembesa kwakaratidza kuti nhaka inoshanda nokuparadzanisa nokudzokorora mashoko anogarwa nhaka mukati mekuumbwa kwemasero ezvepabonde uye kubatanidzazve mashoko iwayo mukati mekuvharwa. Izvi zvakafanana nokubatanidza makadhi akasiyana-siyana, nechisikwa chichiwana musanganiswa wakasarudzika wehafu yemakadhi kubva kumubereki mumwe, uye hafu yemakadhi kubva kune mumwe. Mendel akadana zvinhu zvacho kuti mashoko; zvisinei, gare gare zvakazozivikanwa semageneti. Majini ndiwo masikirwo anokosha enhaka muzvinhu zvipenyu. Dzinobata mashoko anotungamirira muviri...  Mubvunzo: Mendel akadana magene kuti chii?
mashoko zvinhu