Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu:  Passage: Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam ( (teerera); 15 Gumiguru 1931 <unk> 27 Chikunguru 2015) aive musayendisiti weaerospace akashanda semutungamiri wegumi nemumwe weIndia kubva muna 2002 kusvika 2007. Akazvarwa uye akakurira muRameswaram, Tamil Nadu uye akadzidza physics uye aerospace engineering. Akapedza makumi mana emakore anotevera semusayendisiti uye manejimendi wesayenzi, kunyanya kuDefense Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) uye Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) uye aibatanidzwa zvakanyanya muchirongwa chepasi chemuIndia uye nekuedza kwemauto ekuvandudza zvombo. Nokudaro akazivikanwa soMurume weMissile weIndia nokuda kwebasa rake mukukudziridzwa kwezvombo zvebhalistic missile uye kugadzirwa kwemotokari. Akaitawo basa rakakosha musangano, hunyanzvi, uye zvematongerwo enyika muIndia Pokhran-II kuyedzwa kwenyukireya muna 1998, yekutanga kubvira kuyedzwa kwenyukireya kwekutanga neIndia muna 1974. Kalam akasarudzwa semutungamiri wechi11 weIndia muna 2002 nerutsigiro rwevose vari vaviri Bharatiya Janata Party uye panguva iyoyo yaipikisa Indian National Congress. Achinzi nevakawanda "Mutungamiri wevanhu", akadzokera kuhupenyu hwake hwevanhu hwekudzidzisa, kunyora nekushandira hurumende mushure mekutonga kwenguva imwe chete. Akanga ari mugamuchiri wemibairo yakakurumbira yakawanda, kusanganisira Bharat Ratna, kukudzwa kwepamusoro kwevanhu veIndia.  Mubvunzo: Chii chiri rukudzo rukuru zvikurusa rwavanhuwo zvavo veIndia?
Bharat Ratna