Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu:  Passage: Pashure pokuratidza kuti maenzayimu aigona kushanda kunze kwesero mhenyu, danho rinotevera rakanga riri rokuziva chimiro chawo chebiochemical. Vashandi vakawanda vokutanga vakacherechedza kuti basa reenzymatic raiva nechokuita nemapuroteni, asi masayendisiti anoverengeka (akadai saRichard Willstätter akahwina mubairo weNobel) akataura kuti mapuroteni aingova vatakuri vemapuroteni chaiwo uye kuti mapuroteni pachawo aisakwanisa kuita catalysis. Zvisinei, muna 1926, James B. Sumner akaratidza kuti enzyme urease yaiva puroteni yakachena uye yakaibvisa; Sumner akaitawo saizvozvo nokuda kweenzyme catalase muna 1937. Mhedziso yokuti mapuroteni akachena anogona kuva enzyme yakaratidzwa zvakajeka naNorthrop naStanley, avo vakashanda pamaenzyme okugaya zvokudya anonzi pepsin (1930), trypsin uye chymotrypsin. Masayendisiti matatu aya akapiwa mubayiro weNobel Prize in Chemistry muna 1946. Kuwana uku, kwokuti maenzymes aigona kuva makristasi, kwaireva kuti masayendisiti pakupedzisira aigona kupedza zvivako zvawo neX-ray crystallography. Izvi zvakatanga kuitwa nokuda kwe lysozyme, inonzi enzyme inowanikwa mumisodzi, mumuromo uye mumazai ayo anogaya ganda remamwe mabhakitiriya; chimiro chacho chakagadziriswa neboka raitungamirirwa naDavid Chilton Phillips uye rakabudiswa muna 1965. Urongwa uhwu hwesarudzo yakakwirira hwelysosime hwakaratidza kutanga kwenzvimbo yezvinhu zvipenyu uye kuedza kunzwisisa mashandiro anoita enzyme padanho reatomu.  Mubvunzo: mubayiro wei wakapiwa masayendisiti matatu aya?
Mubairo weNobel muChemistry