Pedzisa mutsara unotevera: Maererano ne"Philosophical Dictionary", pfungwa dzeproto-utopian dzinotanga kare kare munguva yeGirisi yekare neRoma, vapanduki vomunguva yepakati,
kupandukira kwavarimi uye vanozvisimbisa munguva ye capitalism yokutanga, Reformation uye Renaissance (Hus, Müntzer, More, Campanella), shanduko dzedemokrasi (Meslier, Morelly, Mably, Winstanley, gare gare Babeufists, Blanquists,) uye munguva yekusimudzira kwakashata kwe capitalism iyo yakaratidza kupesana kwenzanga ye capitalist (Saint-Simon, Fourier, Owen, Cabet, Lamennais, Proudhon nevateveri vavo).