Pedzisa mutsara unotevera:
Shanduko ya1848 yaiva nemigumisiro mikuru nokuda kweEurope yose: kumukira kworuzhinji kworusununguko mukurwisana nehurumende dzeudzvinyiriri kwakaitika muAustria neHungary, muGermany Confederation nePrussia, uye muItaly States yeMilan, Venice, Turin neRoma. Kuderera kwezvoupfumi uye kukohwa zvisina kunaka mumakore okuma1840 zvakaita kuti vanhu vasafara.