Gadzira shanduro yakaoma zvikuru yemutsara uyu Mamorekuru ekubata anoshandiswa kazhinji kazhinji maantibody; zvisinei, maantigen anoshandiswa mukushandiswa uko maantibody anoonekwa mu serum.
Chokwadika, shanduro yakaoma zvikuru yemutsara wacho ndeiyi "Maoremolekyu okubata anoshandiswa kazhinji kazhinji maantibodies; zvisinei, munguva pfupi yapfuura kwave kune kusundira kune mamwe marudzi emaoremolekyu okubata ayo akafanana zvikuru mumasikirwo awo akadai semapeptides kana aptamers. "