Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu:  Mashoko anokosha: Utachiona hwehepatitis B hwave huchirwarisa vanhu kubvira panguva yeBronze Age. Uchapupu hwacho hwakawanikwa mumaronda evanhu ava nemakore 4.500. Maererano neongororo yakaitwa muna 2018, majini eutachiona akawanikwa pachishandiswa nzira yokunyorwa kwezvinyorwa zvepfuti yakava ekare kudarika mamwe ose akambotorwa mumasampuli ezvipembenene. Zvakawanikwawo kuti mamwe marudzi ekare eutachiona hwehepatitis achiri kutapurira vanhu, nepo mamwe akaparara. Izvi zvakaramba pfungwa yokuti hepatitis B yakabva kuNew World uye yakapararira kuEurope munenge muzana remakore rechi16. Chimwe chidzidzo chakaitwa muna 2018 nezvezvisaririra zvemwana akaomeswa akawanikwa muBasilica yeSan Domenico Maggiore muNaples chakagumisa kuti mwana uyu, uyo akararama muzana ramakore rechi16, aiva nechimiro cheHBV, uye kuti hutachiona hwaive hwakabatana zvakanyanya nemhando dzemazuva ano. Chinyorwa chekutanga chechirwere chinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehepatitis B chakaitwa naLurman muna 1885. Kuputika kwechirwere chechibhokisi kwakaitika muBremen muna 1883 uye vashandi vepazvikepe 1.289 vakabaiwa nhomba neLymph yakabva kune vamwe vanhu. Pashure pemavhiki anoverengeka, uye mwedzi misere gare gare, 191 yavashandi vakabaiwa majekiseni vakabatwa nechirwere chejaundice uye vakaonekwa kuti vakanga vaine chirwere chehepatitis. Vamwe vashandi vakanga vabaiwa majekiseni nemitsetse yakasiyana-siyana yeLymph vakaramba vaine utano hwakanaka. Pepa raLurman, zvino rinorangarirwa somuenzaniso wakakurumbira wenzvero yeepidemiological, rakaratidza kuti lymph yakasvibiswa yakanga iri manyuko edenda racho. Gare gare, kupararira kwakawanda kwakafanana kwakataurwa pashure pokuunzwa, muna 1909, kwetsono dzomuviri dzaishandiswa, uye, chinokosha zvikuru, dzaishandiswazve, nokuda kwokupinza Salvarsan nokuda kwokurapa syphilis. Utachiona uhwu hwakanga husina kuwanikwa kutozosvikira muna 1966 apo Baruch Blumberg, panguva iyoyo aishanda paNational Institutes of Health (NIH), akawana antigen yokuAustralia (yakazozivikanwa sehepatitis B surface antigen, kana kuti HBsAg) muropa revanhu vokuAustralia vokutanga. Kunyange zvazvo utachiona hwakanga hwafungidzirwa chibviro chokutsvakurudza kwakabudiswa naFrederick MacCallum muna 1947, David Dane navamwe vakawana chidimbu cheutachiona muna 1970 kupfurikidza neelectron microscopy. Pakuvamba kwama 1980 genome ye...  Mubvunzo: Utachiona hunokonzera syphilis hwakawanikwa rini?
Gore ra1966