Muvanhu, semuenzaniso, ruvara rwemaziso chinhu chinogarwa nhaka uye mumwe munhu anogona kugara nhaka "hunhu hwekasvi-maziso" kubva kune mumwe wevabereki vavo. Hunhu hunogarwa nhaka hunodzorwa nemajini uye seti yakazara yemajini mukati me genome yechisikwa (genetic material) inonzi genotype yayo. Seti yakazara yezvinhu zvinoonekwa zvinoumba chimiro uye maitiro echisikwa inonzi phenotype yayo. Hunhu uhu hunobva mukudyidzana kwegenotype yayo nenzvimbo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvinhu zvakawanda zve phenotype yechisikwa hazvipi nhaka. Semuenzaniso, ganda rakatsvuka rinobva mukudyidzana pakati pe genotype yemunhu ne genotype yezuva; nekudaro, maantigen haapfuudzirwe kune vamwe vanhu. Nekudaro, kana hunhu hunogarwa nhaka hunodzorwa nemajini uye seti izere yemajini mukati me genome (genetic material) yechisikwa inonzi genotype yayo. Seti yakazara yezvinhu zvinoonekwa zvinoumba chimiro uye maitiro ekuita hunoitika mukati meimwechete genome. Kana mutation yeDNA isati yaitika mukati memhando mbiri dzeDNA
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