Somuenzaniso, Arnold Sommerfeld (1910) akatsiva matrix notation yaMinkowski neelegant vector notation ndokutanga mazwi ekuti "four vector" uye "six vector". Akaunzawo trigonometric formulation ye relativistic velocity addition rule, iyo maererano naSommerfeld, inobvisa zvakawanda zvisinganzwisisiki zvepfungwa iyoyo. Zvimwe zvipo zvakakosha zvakaitwa naLaue (1911, 1913), uyo akashandisa spacetime formalism kugadzira dzidziso yezvinyorwa zve deformable bodies uye elementary particle theory. Akawedzera mazwi aMinkowski emagetsi emagetsi kune masimba ose anokwanisa uye nokudaro akajekesa pfungwa ye mass-energy equivalence.
chimiro che trigonometric che relativistic velocity addition rule