Pedzisa mutsara unotevera: Shanduko mukati memakore e1820 dzakabatanidza shanduko muRussia (
Kupanduka kwaDecembrist), Spain, Portugal, neItaly nokuda kwemadzimambo omutemo, uye nokuda kworusununguko kubva mukutonga kweOttoman muGreece. Kusiyana nemafungu echimurenga muma1830, aya aiwanzoitika kumativi ari kure kweEurope.