Pedzisa mutsara unotevera: Njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, kusanganisira njodzi huru
kudengenyeka kwenyika uye tsunami muna 1918 uye madutu anoverengeka, pamwe chete neKuderera Kukuru Kwemari, zvakaparadza chitsuwa chacho mumakumi emakore okutanga pasi pokutonga kweUnited States. Vamwe vatungamiriri vezvamatongerwe enyika, vakadai saPedro Albizu Campos, uyo akatungamirira Puerto Rican Nationalist Party, vakada chinjo muukama neUnited States. Akaronga kuratidzira paYunivhesiti yePuerto Rico muna 1935, umo vanhu vana vakaurayiwa nemapurisa.