Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu:  Passage: Streptomycin yakatanga kusarudzwa musi waOctober 19, 1943, naAlbert Schatz, mudzidzi wePh.D. murabhoritari yaSelman Abraham Waksman paRutgers University muchirongwa chekutsvakurudza chakatsigirwa neMerck and Co. Waksman nevashandi vake vekurapa vakawana maantibiotic akati wandei, kusanganisira actinomycin, clavacin, streptothricin, streptomycin, grisein, neomycin, fradicin, candicidin, uye candidin. Pakati paivava, streptomycin neomycin dzakawana kushandiswa kukuru mukurapa hosha dzakawanda dzinotapukira. Streptomycin ndiyo yaiva mushonga wokutanga kurapa tibhii (TB). Muna 1952 Waksman akanga ari mugamuchiri weNobel Prize in Physiology kana kuti Medicine mukuziva "nokuwana kwake streptomycin, mushonga wokutanga unorwisa utachiona unoshanda mukurwisa tibhii". Waksman akazonzi haana basa nebasa raSchatz uyo akaita basa iri achitungamirirwa naye. Chikwata cheRutgers chakataura nezve streptomycin mumabhuku ezvokurapa muna Ndira 1944. Mumwedzi mishomanana vakatanga kushanda naWilliam Feldman naH. Corwin Hinshaw veMayo Clinic netariro yokutanga kuedza kwokurapa kwevanhu streptomycin muTB. Chinetso chokutanga chakanga chiri kunyange kugadzira streptomycin yakakwana yokuita muedzo, nemhaka yokuti mitoo yomurabhoritari yokutsvakurudza yokugadzira mapoka maduku yakanga isati yashandurirwa kugadzirwa kwemapoka makuru okutengesa. Vakakwanisa kuita chidzidzo chechipfuyo muzvipembenene zvishomanene zvenguruve nemagramu gumi chete emushonga wacho, vachiratidza kupukunyuka. Uhwu hwaiva uchapupu hwakanga hwakakwana kuti Merck & Co. itsause imwe mari kubva papurogiramu itsva yokugadzira penicillin kuti itange kushanda pakugadzira streptomycin. Pakupera kweHondo Yenyika II, Mauto eUnited States akaedza streptomycin kurapa zvirwere zvinotyisidzira upenyu muchipatara chemauto muBattle Creek, Michigan. Murwere wokutanga akarapwa haana kurarama; murwere wechipiri akapona asi akava bofu somugumisiro wokurapwa. Muna March 1946, murwere wechitatu - Robert J. Dole, akazova Mutungamiriri weVazhinjisa veSeneti yeUnited States uye akasarudzwa kuti ave Mutungamiriri weNyika - akawana kukurumidza uye kwakasimba...  Mubvunzo: Streptomycin yakatanga kuwanikwa mugore ripi?
Muna 1943