Chirevo chekuti nzira yesainzi inogona kushandiswa kune zvigadzirwa zvetsika yakagadziriswa neRussia Formalists mumakore ekutanga ezana ramakore rechi20, uye yakanga yadzorerwa nevatsvakurudzi vakasiyana-siyana muComparative Literature. Ikozvino yakashandiswa pakushandurwa kwemabhuku. Chikamu chekushandiswa uku chaive dzidziso ye polysystems (Even-Zohar 1990) umo zvinyorwa zvakashandurwa zvinoonekwa sehurongwa hwechinangwa chekugamuchira kana hurongwa hwezvinyorwa. Gideon Toury anovakira dzidziso yake pane kudiwa kwekutarisa shanduro se "chokwadi chetsika yechinangwa" yezvinangwa zvekutsvaga. Pfungwa dze "kubata" uye "kutsigira" dzakagadziriswawo maererano neshanduro dzemabhuku. Mubvunzo: Chii chakawanikwa?
dzidziso yemapolysystems