Nyorera kuenderera kweiyi ndima - Umayyad Caliphate (661<unk>750 CE;, ; ) yaive yechipiri yechina huru caliphates yakagadzwa mushure mekufa kwaMuhammad. Caliphate yaitongwa neumambo hweUmayyad (, "al-ʾUmawīyūn", kana, "Banū ʾUmayyah", "Vanakomana veUmayyah"). Khalifa wechitatu weRashidun Caliphate, Uthman ibn Affan (r. 644<unk>656), aivawo nhengo yedzinza revaUmayyad. Mhuri iyi yakatanga hutongi hwemadzitateguru, hwekugara nhaka naMuawiya ibn Abi Sufyan, gavhuna wenguva refu weal-Sham (Greater Syria), uyo akazova mutongi wechitanhatu mushure mekupera kweFirst Fitna
Muna 661. Mushure mekufa kwaMu'awiyah muna 680, kunetsana pamusoro pekutsiva kwakatungamira kuFitna yechipiri, uye simba rakazopedzisira rawira mumaoko aMarwan I kubva kune rimwe bazi remhuri. Nharaunda yeSyria yakaramba iri nzvimbo huru yesimba revaUmayyad pashure pacho, uye Damasko rakanga riri guta ravo guru.