Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu:  Passage: Catabolism mubatanidzwa wezvinhu zvinoshandiswa mumuviri zvinoputsa mamorekuru makuru. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuputsa uye kuita kuti zvokudya zvive nemakemikari. Chinangwa chemhinduro dze catabolic ndechokupa simba nezvikamu zvinodikanwa nemhinduro dze anabolic dzinovaka mamorekuru. Maitiro chaiwo ezviitiko izvi zve catabolic anosiyana kubva pachinhu chimwe kuenda kune chimwe, uye zvinhu zvipenyu zvinogona kuiswa mumapoka zvichienderana nemanyuko azvo esimba nekabhoni (mapoka ezvokudya zvacho), sezvinoratidzwa mutafura iri pasi apa. Maorganic molecules anoshandiswa semanyuko esimba neorganotrophs, nepo lithotrophs inoshandisa inorganic substrates, uye phototrophs inobata chiedza chezuva sesimba remakemikari. Zvisinei, marudzi ose aya akasiyana-siyana emetabolism anotsamira pamhinduro dze redox dzinosanganisira kutamisirwa kwemaerekitironi kubva kumamolekyumu anopa akaderedzwa akadai semamolekyumu e organic, mvura, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide kana ferrous ions kumamolekyumu anogamuchira akadai seokisijeni, nitrate kana sulfate. Kumhuka, izvi zvinosanganisira makemikari akaoma anogadziriswa kuita makemikari ari nyore, akadai sekabhoni dhayokisaidhi nemvura. Muzvinhu zvinogadzira chiedza, zvakadai sezvirimwa uye cyanobacteria, kutapurirana kwemaerekitironi uku hakubvisi simba asi kunoshandiswa senzira yokuchengeta simba rinobva muchiedza chezuva.  Mubvunzo: Chii chinonzi catabolism?
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