Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu:  Passage: Siemens & Halske yakavambwa naWerner von Siemens naJohann Georg Halske musi wa12 Gumiguru 1847. Zvichibva pateregirafu, kugadzira kwavo kwakashandisa tsono kunongedzera kunhevedzano yetsamba, panzvimbo pokushandisa kodhi yaMorse. Iyo kambani, yainzi Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske, yakavhura musangano wayo wekutanga musi wa12 Gumiguru. Muna 1848, kambani yakavaka yekutanga-refu-refu telegraph mutsara muEurope; 500 km kubva kuBerlin kuenda kuFrankfurt am Main. Muna 1850, munun'una womuvambi wacho, Carl Wilhelm Siemens, akazonzi Sir William Siemens, akatanga kumiririra kambani yacho muLondon. Sangano reLondon rakava hofisi yebazu muna 1858. Muma1850s, kambani iyi yaive ichivaka ma telegraph network ekure muRussia. Muna 1855, bazi rekambani rakatungamirirwa neimwe hama, Carl Heinrich von Siemens, rakavhurwa muSt. Petersburg, Russia. Muna 1867, Siemens akapedza kugadzira tambo huru yeteregirafu yeIndo-European yaisvika makiromita 11 000 kubva kuLondon kuenda kuCalcutta.  Mubvunzo: chiratidzo chacho chakavhurwa rini muSt. Petersburg?
Makore 1855