Pedzisa mutsara unotevera: Nemhaka yokudziya kwepasi, nyanzvi dzomugungwa nedzemamiriro okunze iye zvino dzinofanotaura kuti tembiricha yomugungwa iri kuramba ichidziya munguva yemberi ndiyo "chinhu chitsva chinowanzoitika", zvichireva kuti mamiriro okunze akaipisisa akadai seMadutu anonzi Sandy uye
Maria inogona kuva yakasimba zvikuru uye zvichida inoitika kakawanda zvikuru mumwaka wemadutu womunguva yemberi. Sezvo makungwa enyika ari kuramba achidziya; madutu ari kuva akasimba zvikuru uye makuru zvikuru. Dutu iri rinogona kukuvadza zvikuru kana rikatevera nzira dzakapfuura. Somuenzaniso, kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti madutu akarova nharaunda yeNew York City kubvira muna 1970 akasimba zvikuru kana kuti ane masimba makuru emhepo, achibudisa mafashamo makuru uye ngozi yemafashamo. Apo inowedzerwa kumwero wegungwa unokwira, icho chakanga chiri chiitiko chemafashamo chemakore 500 pamberi penguva yeanthropogenic (i.e. pre-1800) zvino chiitiko chemafashamo chemakore 24 uye mumakore 30 chichava chiitiko chemafashamo chemakore 5.