Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu:  Passage: Muna 1670, Charles II akabatanidza nechikwereti choumambo Hudson's Bay Company (HBC), achimupa simba rokutengeserana nemvere munharaunda yaizivikanwa seRupert's Land, iyo yaizoumba chikamu chikuru cheDominion yeCanada. Nhare nenzvimbo dzekutengeserana dzakasimbiswa neHBC dzaiwanzorwiswa neFrance, iyo yakanga yaumba koloni yavo yekutengesa mvere muNew France iri pedyo. Makore maviri gare gare, Royal African Company yakagadzwa, ichiwana kubva kuna Mambo Charles monopoly yekutengeserana kuti ipe varanda kumakoroni eBritish eCaribbean. Kubvira pakutanga, uranda hwaiva hwaro hweUmambo hweBritain muWest Indies. Kusvikira kubviswa kwokutengeswa kwavaranda kwacho muna 1807, Britain yakanga ine mutoro wokutakura varanda veAfrica vane mamiriyoni 3,5 kuenda kuAmerica, chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chavaranda vose vakaendeswa mhiri kweAtlantic. Kuitira kuti kutengeserana uku kuve nyore, nhare dzakasimbiswa pamhenderekedzo yeWest Africa, dzakadai seJames Island, Accra uye Bunce Island. MuBritish Caribbean, chikamu chavagari vemadzinza eAfrica chakakwira kubva pa25% muna 1650 kusvika pa80% muna 1780, uye muMakoloni Gumi nematatu kubva pa10% kusvika pa40% munguva imwecheteyo (ruzhinji rwuri mumakoroni ekumaodzanyemba). Nokuda kwavatengesi vavaranda, kutengeserana kwacho kwaibatsira zvikuru, uye kwakava musimboti mukuru wezvemari kumaguta akadai seBristol neLiverpool, ayo akaumba kona yechitatu yokutengeserana kworutivi rwetatu neAfrica neAmerica. Nokuti zvinhu zvaitakuriswa, zvakaoma uye zvisina utsanana zvaiva mungarava dzaishandiswa varanda uye zvokudya zvisina kunaka zvaiita kuti paavhareji munhu mumwe chete pavanomwe vafe muMiddle Passage. Muna 1695, Paramende yeScotland yakapa mvumo kuCompany of Scotland, iyo yakatanga musha muna 1698 paIsthmus yePanama. Yakakombwa navavakidzani vokuSpain veNew Granada, uye yakatambudzwa nemarariya, nyika yacho yakasiyiwa makore maviri gare gare. Zano raDarien rakanga riri njodzi yemari yeScotland - chikamu chimwe muzvina chemari yeScotland chakarasika mubhizimisi racho - uye rakagumisa tariro dzeScotland dzokusimbisa...  Mubvunzo: England neScotland zvakabatana mugore ripi?
Nhamba 1707