Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu:  Passage: Apo nyanzvi yefizikisi yokuItaly Galileo Galilei akatanga kucherechedza nyika pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechi 17, akawana kuti yairatidza zvikamu zvakafanana neZuva, zvichichinja kubva pakuva nehafu yemwedzi kusvika pakuva nemwedzi uzere uye zvinopesana. Apo Venus iri kure zvikuru neZuva mudenga, inoratidza rutivi rwakavhenekerwa hafu, uye apo iri pedyo zvikuru neZuva mudenga, inoratidza sorutivi rwakazara kana kuti rwakazara. Izvi zvaigona kuitika chete kana Venus yakatenderera Zuva, uye izvi zvaive pakati pekutanga kucherechedza zvinopesana zvakajeka nePtolemaic geocentric modhi yekuti Solar System yaive yakabatana uye yakatarisana nepasi. 1639 transit yeVenus yakafanotaurwa nemazvo naJeremiah Horrocks uye yakacherechedzwa naye neshamwari yake, William Crabtree, kune imwe neimwe yedzimba dzavo, musi wa4 Zvita 1639 (24 Mbudzi pasi peJulian karenda yaishandiswa panguva iyoyo). Mhepo yeVenus yakawanikwa muna 1761 nemudzidzi weRussia Mikhail Lomonosov. Mhepo yakapoteredza Venus yakacherekedzwa muna 1790 nomuongorori wezvomuchadenga wokuGermany Johann Schröter. Schröter akawana kuti apo nyika yakanga iri mwedzi mutete, mativi ayo aiwedzera neanopfuura 180°. Akafungidzira nenzira yakarurama kuti ikoku kwakanga kuri nemhaka yokuparadzirwa kwechiedza chezuva mumhepo yakasimba. Gare gare, nyanzvi yokuongorora nyeredzi yokuAmerica Chester Smith Lyman akacherechedza rin'i yakakwana yakapoteredza rutivi rune rima rwenyika yacho apo yakanga iri pakubatana kwakaderera, ichigovera humwe ufakazi hwomugariro wenyika. Mhepo yakapoteredza nyika yakaita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuziva nguva yokutenderera kwepasi, uye vacherekedzi vakadai saGiovanni Cassini naSchröter vakafungidzira zvisiri izvo nguva dzinenge maawa 24 kubva pakufamba kwezviratidzo zviri pamusoro penyika.  Mubvunzo: Inyika ipi yaipesana nomuenzaniso waPtolemy wakare?
Venus