John Locke onye England nke narị afọ nke 17 tụlere ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ n'ọrụ ya, na-akọwa ha dị ka "ndụ, nnwere onwe, na ala (ihe onwunwe)", ma kwuo na a pụghị ịhapụ ikike ndị dị otú ahụ na nkwekọrịta mmekọrịta. Na Britain na 1689, Bill of Rights nke Bekee na Scottish Right nke iwu akwadoghị iwu nke gọọmentị na-emegbu mmadụ. Nnukwu mgbanwe abụọ mere n'oge narị afọ nke 18, na United States (1776) na United States (1789), na-eduga na nkwupụta nnwere onwe nke United States (1789), na-eduga n'iwu nke nnwere onwe nke France na nke United States (1776), na-ezo aka n'ụfọdụ ikike ndị bụ isi nke iwu kwadoro na nkwupụta nnwere onwe nke ụmụ amaala nke mba abụọ na narị afọ nke 18: Nkwupụta nnwere onwe nke France na nke Virginia, nke kwuru na ikike ndị bụ isi nke mmadụ na-edobe onwe ha n'ime iwu nke mba abụọ.
United States (1776) na France (1789)