Dee ihe na-eso paragraf a - N'ime oge mgbede abụọ, ya na ndị na-ede uri iri na abụọ, gụnyere William Everson, Muriel Rukeyser, Kenneth Rexroth, Robert Duncan na Jack Spicer, Madeline Gleason gụrụ ma rụọ ọrụ maka ndị na-ege ntị nke ndị na-eto eto na ndị na-agụ uri. Nke a bụ mmalite nke mmegharị ọzọ, ma ọ dịkarịa ala n'anya ọha na eze, nke ga-agbakọta na San Francisco na October 7, 1955 <unk> na Six Gallery
n'okporo ámá Fillmore Street <unk> na Allen Ginsberg's "Howl", a Reading nke na-arahụ ala n'akụkọ ihe mere eme dị ka oge nke echiche nke Beat ije.