Dee ihe na-aga n'ihu maka paragraf a - Tupu narị afọ nke anọ BC, Masedonia bụ obere alaeze dị na mpụga mpaghara nke obodo ukwu nke Athens, Sparta na Thebes na-achị, na obere oge na-edo onwe ya n'okpuru Achaemenid Persia. N'oge ọchịchị nke eze Argead PhilipII (359<unk>336 BC), Masedonia meriri ala Gris na alaeze Thracian Odrysian site na mmeri na diplomacy. Site na ndị agha a gbanwere agbanwe nke nwere phalanxes na-eji "sarissa" pike, PhilipII meriri ike ochie nke Athens na Thebes na Agha nke Chaeronea na 338BC. Nwa Philip nke Abụọ, bụ́ Alexander Onye Ukwu, onye na-edu ndú n'òtù mba ndị Gris, mezuru ihe nna ya bu n'obi nke bụ́ ịchị Gris dum mgbe o bibiri Thebes
mgbe obodo ahụ nupụchara isi. N'oge Alexander meriri ala ọzọ, o meriri Alaeze Ukwu Achaemenid ma weghara ókèala gbasaruo Osimiri Indus. N'oge dị mkpirikpi, alaeze ukwu ya bụ nke kachasị ike n'ụwa <unk> steeti Hellenistic doro anya, na-eme ka mgbanwe gaa n'oge ọhụrụ nke mmepeanya Gris oge ochie. Nkà ihe osise na akwụkwọ ndị Gris mepere emepe n'ala ndị ọhụrụ ha meriri, ọganihu ndị e nwere na nkà ihe ọmụma, nkà injinịa, na sayensị gbasakwara n'akụkụ ka ukwuu nke ụwa oge ochie. Ihe ndị Aristotle, bụ́ onye na-akụziri Alexander ihe, dere dị nnọọ mkpa, ihe ndị o dere ghọkwara ihe ndabere nke nkà ihe ọmụma Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Ụwa.