Dee ihe na-aga n'ihu na paragraf a - Antonio Nariño, onye megidere Spanish centralism ma duru ndị mmegide megide Viceroyalty. Cartagena nwere onwe ya na November 1811. Na 1811, e kwupụtara United Provinces of New Granada, nke Camilo Torres Tenorio duziri. Mpụta nke echiche abụọ dị iche n'etiti ndị mba (federalism na centralism) mere ka oge nke enweghị nkwụsi ike. N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe Agha Napoleon gasịrị, Ferdinand nke Asaa, bụ́ onye e weghachiri n'ocheeze na Spen na nso nso a, kpebiri na mberede iziga ndị agha
iji weghachite akụkụ ka ukwuu nke ebe ugwu South America. E weghachiri onye nnọchi anya ya n'okpuru iwu nke Juan Sámano, onye ọchịchị ya tara ndị sonyere na mmegharị ịhụ mba n'anya, na-eleghara nuances ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ndị agha ahụ anya. Mmegwara ahụ kpaliri nnupụisi ọhụrụ, bụ́ nke, tinyere Spain na-adịghị ike, mere ka e nwee nnupụisi gara nke ọma nke Simón Bolívar, onye a mụrụ na Venezuela, duziri, bụ́ onye mesịrị kwupụta nnwere onwe na 1819. E meriri nguzogide ahụ na-akwado ndị Spen na 1822 n'ókèala Colombia dị ugbu a nakwa na 1823 na Venezuela.