Mezue nkebi ahịrịokwu a: N'akwụkwọ ya bụ́ "Normal Accidents", Charles Perrow kwuru na ihe ndị a na-atụghị anya ha na-eme n'ihe ndị dị mgbagwoju anya a na-arụ n'ụlọ ọrụ nuklia. A pụghị ịrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọrụ nuklia n'enweghi nnukwu ihe mberede. Ihe mberede ndị dị otú ahụ bụ ihe a na-apụghị izere ezere, a pụghịkwa imepụta ha iji gbochie ha. Otu ìgwè na-ahụ maka nkà na ụzụ na MIT ekwuola na n'ihi mmụba a na-atụ anya ya n'ike nuklia site na 2005 ruo 2055, a ga-atụ anya ọ dịkarịa ala nnukwu ihe mberede nuklia anọ n'oge ahụ. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, e nweela nnukwu ihe ọghọm ise (mbibi) n'ụwa nile kemgbe 1970 (otu n'ime ha mere n'afọ 1981).
Three Mile Island na 1979; otu na Chernobyl na 1986; na atọ na Fukushima-Daiichi na 2011), kwekọrọ na mmalite nke ọrụ nke ọgbọ II reactors. Nke a na-eduga ná nkezi nke otu nnukwu ihe ọghọm na-eme n'ụwa nile kwa afọ asatọ.