Gịnị na-enyere aka n'imepụta ọgwụ nje ndị na-alụso ọrịa ọgụ? N'iburu ajụjụ nke mbụ n'uche, dee ihe gbara ya gburugburu bụ́ nke ga-enye azịza ya. Ọ nwere ike ịbụ 1 - 20 ahịrịokwu. Ihe ndị gbara ya gburugburu:
Ọgwụ ndị buru ibu (> 500 Da) pụrụ ịkpalite nzaghachi na - emebi ihe nke usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ, karịsịa ma ọ bụrụ na e nye ọgwụ ndị ahụ ugboro ugboro, ma ọ bụ n"ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ ka ukwuu. Nke a na-ebelata ịdị irè nke ọgwụ ndị dabeere na peptides na protein ndị buru ibu (nke na-adịkarị ukwuu karịa 6000 Da). N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ọgwụ ahụ n'onwe ya abụghị ihe na-akpata ọrịa, mana enwere ike inye ya na ihe na-akpata ọrịa, dị ka ọ dị mgbe ụfọdụ maka Taxol. E mepụtala usoro ngụkọta oge iji buo amụma banyere immunogenicity nke peptides na protein, nke bara uru karịsịa n'ịmepụta ọgwụ mgbochi ọgwụgwọ, na-enyocha virulence nke mgbanwe mgbanwe n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ mkpuchi nje, na nkwado nke ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ na-adabere na peptide. Usoro ndị mbụ na-adabere na nchọpụta na amino acid hydrophilic na-anọchi anya na mpaghara epitope karịa amino acid hydrophobic; Otú ọ dị, mmepe ndị na-adịbeghị anya na-adabere na usoro mmụta igwe na-eji ọdụ data nke epitopes ndị a maara, na-abụkarị na protein nje ndị a na-amụ nke ọma, dị ka usoro ọzụzụ. E guzobere ebe nchekwa data ọha na eze maka idepụta epitopes sitere na pathogens ndị a maara na mkpụrụ ndụ B nwere ike ịmata. A na-akpọ ngalaba na-apụta nke ọmụmụ ihe nke immunogenicity nke dabeere na bioinformatics dị ka immunoinformatics. Immunoproteomics bụ nnyocha nke ọtụtụ protein (proteomics) nke na-ekere òkè na nzaghachi ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ.