Ana iya rarraba jiragen ruwa na zamani zuwa manyan nau'o'i bakwai, waɗanda sune: masu jigilar jiragen sama, masu jirgi, masu hallaka, masu jirgi, masu jirgi, jiragen ruwa, jiragen ruwa da jiragen ruwa masu haɗari. Jirgin ruwa na yaƙi sun ƙunshi nau'i na takwas, amma ba a cikin sabis na yanzu tare da kowane rundunar sojan ruwa a duniya. Sai kawai jiragen ruwa na Iowa na Amurka da aka kashe har yanzu suna wanzu a matsayin masu gwagwarmaya masu gwagwarmaya, kuma jiragen ruwa a gaba ɗaya ba za su iya sake fitowa a matsayin jirgin ruwa ba tare da sake fasalin. Ana daukar mai hallaka a matsayin babban jirgin ruwa na jirgin ruwa na zamani na zamani. Duk da haka, da zarar an rarraba rawar da bayyanar masu jirgi, masu hallaka, jiragen ruwa, da kuma corvettes.
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