Kammala wannan jumla: Harkokin siyasar Turai sun ga sauye-sauyen tsarin mulki kaɗan, babban banda shine Fotigal, wanda ya sha wahala
juyin juya halin jamhuriya a 1910. Koyaya, tashin hankali tsakanin jam'iyyun gurguzu na ajin aiki, jam'iyyun 'yanci na bourgeois, da jam'iyyun masu ra'ayin mazan jiya ko masu ra'ayin mazan jiya sun karu a kasashe da yawa, kuma an yi iƙirarin cewa zurfin rashin zaman lafiya na siyasa ya ƙaryata yanayin kwanciyar hankali na siyasar Turai a lokacin. A zahiri, sojan soja da tashin hankali na duniya sun ƙaru sosai tsakanin 1897 da 1914, kuma shekaru kafin yaƙin sun kasance da gasa ta makamai a Turai. Bugu da kari, wannan zamanin ya kasance daya daga cikin mulkin mallaka na kasashen waje, wanda aka sani da New Imperialism. Mafi shahararren ɓangaren wannan faɗaɗawar mulkin mallaka shi ne Gwagwarmayar Afirka.