Bayan juyin juya halin Rasha na 1917, Tarayyar Soviet ta haɗu da mafi yawan Asiya ta Tsakiya; Mongolia da Afghanistan ne kawai suka kasance masu zaman kansu, kodayake Mongolia ta wanzu a matsayin wata ƙasa ta Soviet da sojojin Soviet suka mamaye Afghanistan a ƙarshen karni na 20. Yankunan Soviet na Asiya ta Tsakiya sun ga yawancin masana'antu da gina kayayyakin more rayuwa, amma har da murkushe al'adun gida da kuma gado mai dorewa na tashin hankali na kabilanci da matsalolin muhalli. Tambaya: A wane karni ne Tarayyar Soviet ta mamaye Afghanistan?
Karni na 20