A shekara ta 1929, Joseph Russell Smith ya kara da wani lokaci na farko a matsayin subtitle for Tree Crops: A Permanent Agriculture, wani littafi wanda ya taƙaita tsawon lokacin da yake gwaji tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kwayoyi a matsayin amfanin gona don abinci na mutum da dabbobi. Smith ya ga duniya a matsayin haɗin kai kuma ya ba da shawarar tsarin hadaddiyar bishiyoyi da amfanin gona a ƙasa. Wannan littafin ya yi wahayi ga mutane da yawa da ke da niyyar yin noma mai dorewa, kamar Toyohiko Kagawa wanda ya fara aikin gona a Japan a cikin shekarun 1930. A cikin littafin Australian P. A. Yeomans na 1964 don Farm Farm, ya goyi bayan ma'anar aikin gona na dindindin, kamar wanda za a iya ci gaba har abada.
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