A 1859, akwai fiye da miliyan 23 serfs a kullum matalauta rayuwa yanayi. Alexander II yanke shawarar kawar da serfdom daga sama, tare da yalwa arziki ga masu mallakar ƙasa, maimakon jira shi da za a kawar daga kasa a cikin wani juyin juya halin da zai cutar da masu mallakar ƙasa. The emancipation gyara na 1861 cewa 'yantar da serfs shi ne mafi muhimmanci guda taron a karni na 19th Rasha tarihi, da kuma farkon karshen ga landed aristocracy ta mallakar ikon.
fiye da miliyan 23