Kammala jumla mai zuwa: Fresh daga nasarorin da ta samu a cikin Yaƙin Punic na Biyu, Jamhuriyar Roman ta ci gaba da faɗaɗa a yammacin Bahar Rum, ta yi yaƙi a yankin Iberian a cikin ƙarni da kuma haɗa bakin tekun Arewacin Afirka bayan halakar birnin Carthage a ƙarshen
Yaƙin Punic na Uku. Sun zama babban iko a cikin Aegean ta hanyar lalata Antigonid Makidoniya a cikin Yaƙe-yaƙe na Makidoniya da Koranti a cikin Yaƙin Achaean. Masarautun Hellenistic na Ptolemaic Misira da Attalid Pergamon sun shiga cikin alaƙar da ke ƙarƙashin Romawa <unk> Daga ƙarshe aka haɗa Pergamon. A ƙarshen ƙarni na shaidar sake fasalin sojojin Rome daga rundunar farar hula zuwa rundunar ƙwararrun masu sa kai, a ƙarƙashin jagorancin sanannen janar da kuma ɗan siyasa Gaius Marius (Marian Reforms).