A cikin karni na 16, 'yan Holland sun yi tawaye da Philip II na Spain da magajinsa. Babban dalilan da suka haifar da tayar da hankali shi ne sanya sabon haraji, na goma, da kuma zalunci na addini na Furotesta da sabon Inquisition da aka gabatar. Tawaye ya karu cikin Yakin Shekaru tamanin, wanda a karshe ya kai ga' yancin kai na Dutch. Babban jagoran juyin juya hali na Dutch William Silent, Jamhuriyar Holland ya zama sananne ne game da rashin haƙuri na addini. Yahudawa daga yankin Iberian Peninsula, Huguenots daga Faransa, 'yan kasuwa masu wadata da masu bugawa daga Flanders, da' yan gudun hijirar tattalin arziki da addini daga sassan Mutanen Espanya da ke kula da ƙasashen ƙasashe masu aminci da ke Amsterdam.
Ƙasar Iberian