Duba wurin da ke ƙasa sannan ka amsa tambayar daga baya a cikin harshe ɗaya kamar yadda wurin yake:  Hanyar wucewa: Dukkanin halittu suna fuskantar haɗuwa koyaushe waɗanda ba za su iya amfani da su azaman abinci ba kuma zai zama cutarwa idan sun tara a cikin ƙwayoyin, saboda ba su da aikin maye. Ana kiran waɗannan abubuwa masu haɗari masu cutarwa xenobiotics. Xenobiotics kamar magungunan roba, gubobi na halitta da maganin rigakafi ana lalata su ta hanyar saitin enzymes na xenobiotic-metabolizing. A cikin mutane, waɗannan sun haɗa da cytochrome P450 oxidases, UDP- glucuronosyltransferases, da glutathione S- transferases. Wannan tsarin na enzymes yana aiki a matakai uku don fara oxidizing xenobiotic (mataki na I) sannan kuma ya haɗu da ƙungiyoyi masu narkewa cikin ruwa akan kwayar (mataki na II). Za'a iya yin amfani da xenobiotic mai narkewa mai narkewa daga cikin kwayoyin halitta kuma a cikin kwayoyin halitta masu yawa za'a iya kara yin amfani da shi kafin a fitar da shi (lokaci na III). A cikin muhalli, waɗannan halayen suna da mahimmanci musamman a cikin lalata ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma bioremediation na gurɓataccen ƙasa da zubar da man fetur. Yawancin waɗannan halayen ƙwayoyin cuta ana raba su tare da halittu masu ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa, amma saboda ban mamaki iri-iri na nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗannan halittu suna iya ma'amala da mafi girman kewayon xenobiotics fiye da halittu masu ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa, kuma suna iya lalata har ma da gurɓatattun ƙwayoyin cuta kamar mahaɗan organochloride.Matsala mai alaƙa ga ƙwayoyin cuta na aerobic shine damuwa na oxidative. A nan, matakai da suka hada da phosphorylation na oxidative da kuma samar da haɗin disulfide a lokacin folding na furotin suna samar da nau'ikan oxygen masu aiki kamar hydrogen peroxide. Ana cire waɗannan masu gurɓataccen abu ta hanyar abubuwan maye na antioxidant kamar glutathione da enzymes kamar catalases da peroxidases.  Tambaya: Wane irin guba na muhalli ne waɗannan halayen suke taimaka wa wajen ragewa?
gurɓataccen abu