Duba wurin da ke ƙasa sannan ka amsa tambayar daga baya a cikin harshe ɗaya kamar yadda wurin yake:  Passage: Ƙarin gyare-gyare ga ka'idar octet an yi ƙoƙari don haɗawa da halayen ionic a cikin haɗin hypervalent. A matsayin ɗayan waɗannan gyare-gyare, a cikin 1951, an ba da shawarar manufar haɗin 3-cibiyar 4-electron (3c-4e), wanda ya bayyana haɗin hypervalent tare da ƙirar ƙwayoyin cuta mai inganci. An bayyana haɗin 3c-4e a matsayin ƙwayoyin kwayoyin uku da aka ba ta hanyar haɗuwa da p atomic orbital akan atomatik na tsakiya da kuma atomatik atomatik daga kowane ɗayan ligands biyu a bangarorin biyu na atomatik na tsakiya. Daya daga cikin nau'i-nau'i biyu na electrons yana mamaye wani kwayoyin halitta wanda ya shafi haɗuwa da atomatik na tsakiya, ɗayan biyu ba shi da haɗin kai kuma yana mamaye wani kwayoyin halitta wanda ya ƙunshi kawai atomatik na atomatik daga ligands biyu. Wannan samfurin wanda aka kiyaye dokar octet shima Musher ne ya ba da shawara.  Tambaya: Nawa ne orbital a cikin 3c-4e?
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