Ka taƙaita labarin:  An yi watsi da ra'ayin cewa harshenka ya rabu zuwa <unk>zones<unk> don dandano daban-daban - ko da yake har yanzu ba a fahimci ainihin tsarin da ke faruwa ba. Amma a yanzu, a karon farko, masana kimiyya sun kirkiro taswirar hotuna masu rai na abubuwan ɗanɗano na harshe don sanin abin da ke faruwa duk lokacin da muka saka abinci a bakinmu. Yana bayyana yadda ɗanɗano buds da daban-daban Kwayoyin da ake amfani da su bambanta tsakanin tsakanin biyar na asali kungiyoyin dandano. Binciken da Harvard ta jagoranta ya tsara abubuwan dandano a kan harshe a karon farko. Masana kimiyya sun bincika ƙwayoyin halitta dabam dabam da ake amfani da su wajen sanin ɗanɗano kuma sun lura da yadda waɗannan ƙwayoyin suke kamawa da kuma sarrafa kwayoyin halitta. An nuna ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano tare da ƙwayoyin mai karɓa (kore), ƙwayoyin jini (ja) da collagen da ke kewaye da bud (blue) An gudanar da binciken ne ta ƙungiyar ƙasashen duniya wanda ya haɗa da Jami'ar Ƙasar Australiya (ANU) da Makarantar Likita ta Harvard. Sun yi amfani da na'urar gani da ido da aka ƙera ta musamman don su ɗauki hoton ƙwayoyin halittar da ke kan harshe na ɓeraye. Hasken hasken infrared mai haske a kan harshen linzamin kwamfuta ya sa sassa daban-daban na shi da kuma "kwayoyin dandano" don yin haske. Masu bincike sun gano cewa 'yan kwallo sun rasa uku daga cikin dandano biyar na dabbobi masu kashin baya - mai zaƙi, mai ɗaci, da kuma ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, mai ɗanɗano da ake kira umami - fiye da shekaru miliyan 20 da suka wuce kuma ba su sake samun su ba. Masu bincike sun ce kwayoyin sun ɓace bayan yanayin sanyi na Antarctic ya tsoma baki tare da fahimtar dandano. Masu bincike na Jami'ar Michigan sun ce sun yi mamakin binciken. Saboda penguins masu cin kifi ne, asarar ɗanɗano na umami yana da matukar damuwa, in ji jagoran binciken Dr Jianzhi 'George' Zhang, farfesa a Ma'aikatar U-M na Ecology da Evolutionary Biology. Dakta Zhang na zargin cewa canjin da aka samu na jijiyoyin jiki na da nasaba da sauyin yanayi na zamanin da a Antarctica, inda 'yan penguin suka samo asali. Ta yin amfani da wata dabara da ake kira intravital multiphoton microscopy, masana kimiyya sun iya ware ƙwayoyin ɗanɗano a cikin kowane bud. Sun kuma iya gano jijiyoyin jini har zuwa 240 microns - 240...
Nazarin da Harvard ke jagoranta ya tsara abubuwan dandano a kan harshe a karon farko. Masana kimiyya sunyi nazarin kwayoyin halitta daban-daban da ake amfani da su don gano dandano. Sun kalli sel suna kamawa da sarrafa kwayoyin rayuwa. Masu bincike yanzu suna son nazarin yadda kwakwalwa ke amsa dandano.