Duba wurin da ke ƙasa sannan ka amsa tambayar daga baya a cikin harshe ɗaya kamar yadda wurin yake:  Shigewa: Ana samar da takamaiman antibodies ta hanyar allurar antigen a cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa, kamar linzamin kwamfuta, bera, zomo, akuya, tumaki, ko doki don adadi mai yawa na antibody. Jinin da aka ware daga waɗannan dabbobin yana ƙunshe da ƙwayoyin cuta na polyclonal antibodies - ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa waɗanda ke ɗaure ga antigen guda ɗaya - a cikin magani, wanda yanzu za'a iya kiransa antiserum. Ana kuma yi wa antigen allura a cikin kaji don samar da kwayoyin cutar polyclonal a cikin kwai kwai. Don samun antibody wanda yake takamaiman ga wani epitope na antigen, an ware lymphocytes masu ɓoye antibody daga dabba kuma an sanya su ta hanyar haɗuwa da layin kwayar cutar kansa. Ana kiran ƙwayoyin da suka haɗu da hybridomas, kuma za su ci gaba da girma da kuma ɓoye antibody a cikin al'ada. Ana ware ƙwayoyin hybridoma guda ɗaya ta hanyar diluted cloning don samar da ƙwayoyin clones waɗanda duk ke samar da kwayar cutar guda ɗaya; waɗannan kwayoyin cutar ana kiransu kwayoyin cutar monoclonal. Ana tsarkake kwayoyin cutar polyclonal da monoclonal sau da yawa ta amfani da Protein A / G ko antigen-affinity chromatography. A cikin bincike, ana amfani da kwayoyin cutar da aka tsarkake a aikace-aikace da yawa. Ana iya samun kwayoyin cutar don aikace-aikacen bincike kai tsaye daga masu samar da kwayoyin cutar, ko ta hanyar amfani da injin bincike na musamman. Ana amfani da kwayoyin bincike don ganowa da gano sunadarai na intracellular da extracellular. Ana amfani da kwayoyin rigakafi a cikin cytometry na gudana don bambance nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar sunadarai da suke bayyanawa; nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban suna bayyana haɗuwa daban-daban na tarin ƙwayoyin bambance-bambance a saman su, kuma suna samar da sunadarai daban-daban na intracellular da secretable. Hakanan ana amfani dasu a cikin rigakafin rigakafi don raba sunadarai da duk wani abin da ke ɗaure da su (co-immunoprecipitation) daga wasu kwayoyin a cikin lysate na tantanin halitta, a cikin nazarin Western blot don gano sunadarai da aka raba ta hanyar electrophoresis, kuma a cikin immunohistochemistry ko immunofluorescence don bincika furcin furotin a cikin sassan nama ko don gano sunadarai a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta tare da taimakon microscope. Hakanan za'a iya gano sunadarai da ƙididdige su tare da ƙwayoyin cuta, ta amfani da ELISA da ELISPOT...  Tambaya: Lymphocytes sun haɗu da menene?
layin kwayar cutar kansa