Waɗannan abubuwan haɗin juzu'i guda biyu sun dace da ra'ayoyin gargajiya na dama da hagu na zagaye na zagaye. Duk da haka, foton na wucin gadi na electrodynamics na iya karɓar jihohin polarization na jiki. A cikin tsarin daidaitaccen tsarin ilimin kimiyyar lissafi, photon yana ɗaya daga cikin bosons guda huɗu a cikin hulɗar wutar lantarki mai rauni; sauran ukun an nuna su W +, W - da Z0 kuma suna da alhakin hulɗar rauni. Ba kamar photon ba, waɗannan bosons masu ma'auni suna da taro, saboda wata hanyar da ta karya su SU ((2) gauge symmetry. Haɗin photon tare da W da Z gauge bosons a cikin hulɗar wutar lantarki mai rauni ya cika ta Sheldon, Abdus Salam da Steven Weinberg, wanda aka ba su lambar yabo ta Nobel a shekarar 1979 Masu ilimin kimiyyar lissafi sun ci gaba da haɗa waɗannan abubuwa guda huɗu a matsayin gwaji mai ƙarfi; duk da haka, ba a ba da shawarar waɗannan mutane uku ba.
Kyautar Nobel ta 1979