Duba wurin da ke ƙasa sannan ka amsa tambayar daga baya a cikin harshe ɗaya kamar yadda wurin yake:  Passage: The quanta na wani Abelian ma'auni filin dole ne massless, uncharged bosons, muddin da symmetry ba karya; Saboda haka, da photon da aka annabta ya zama massless, kuma a yi sifili lantarki cajin da kuma integer juya. Musamman nau'in hulɗar lantarki yana ƙayyade cewa photon dole ne ya sami juzu'i ± 1; don haka, dole ne helicity ya zama  Tambaya: Nawa ne cajin lantarki da ake da shi a cikin filayen guage na Abelian protons?
ba kome ba