Kammala jumla mai zuwa: Afirka Vetus ("Tsohon Afirka"), yankin ƙasar Phoenician Carthage (kusan daidai da arewa maso gabashin Tunisia na zamani), ya faɗa hannun Romawa bayan nasarar ƙarshe da lalata Carthage a ƙarshen
Yaƙin Punic na Uku (146 BC). Ƙasar ta ba da amfani sosai a tsakanin Romawa, fiye da yadda take a yau. Lardin yana da yawan jama'a (c. 1.5 miliyan mazauna, kusan daidai da na zamani Birtaniya) kuma ya kasance, ta hanyar 50 BC, tushen mafi muhimmanci na samar da hatsi na birnin Roma. An ce Afirka ce take ciyar da mutanen Roma na watanni takwas a shekara, kuma Masar ce take ciyar da su na sauran watanni huɗu. Lardin ƙasa ce ta manyan gidaje ("latifundia") mallakar masu mallakar gidaje. Pliny the Elder ya ce a zamanin sarki Nero (wanda ya yi sarauta a shekara ta 54 zuwa 68), rabin filayen da ake nomawa a lardin mallakar sanatocin Roma shida ne kawai. Har zuwa 45 BC, sauran arewa maso yammacin Afirka an tsara su a matsayin jihohin tauraron dan adam na Berber-Roman guda biyu, Numidia (Tripolitania, yammacin Tunisiya / gabashin Algeria) da Mauretania (tsakiya / yammacin Algeria da Maroko).