A shekara ta 1929, Joseph Russell Smith ya kara da wani lokaci na farko a matsayin subtitle for Tree Crops: A Permanent Agriculture, wani littafi wanda ya taƙaita tsawon lokacin da yake gwaji tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kwayoyi a matsayin amfanin gona don abinci na mutum da dabbobi. Smith ya ga duniya a matsayin haɗin kai kuma ya ba da shawarar tsarin hadaddiyar bishiyoyi da amfanin gona a ƙasa. Wannan littafin ya yi wahayi ga mutane da yawa da ke da niyyar yin noma mai dorewa, kamar Toyohiko Kagawa wanda ya fara aikin gona a Japan a cikin shekarun 1930. A cikin littafin Australian P. A. Yeomans na 1964 don Farm Farm, ya goyi bayan ma'anar aikin gona na dindindin, kamar yadda wanda zai iya ci gaba har abada.
Tsarin da aka haɗu da bishiyoyi da amfanin gona a ƙasa