Whakarāpopototia te tuhinga:  I ngā tau tata nei ko te rapu oranga i tua atu i tō tātou aorangi kua arotahi ki te kimi i ngā wāhi e rite ana ki ngā āhuatanga o <unk>Te Ao<unk>, kia rite ai ki tō tātou ake aorangi, e mōhiotia ana e taea ana e ia te ora. Heoi anō, kua whakaarotia e ngā kaipūtaiao ināianei tērā pea ka taea e ētahi ao te manaaki i te ora - ehara i te mea e mōhiotia ana e tātou - e kore e tipu i runga i te wai, engari i runga i ētahi atu matū. Ko tā rātau, i titiro rātau ki te marama o Saturn, ko Titan, he moana o te methane wai, ehara i te wai, ā, ka taea e rātau te noho ki te methane-based, oxygen-free forms of life. Kua whakaarohia e ngā kaipūtaiao o te Whare Wānanga o Cornell i New York tētahi momo oranga hou. I huaina ko te azotosome, ka ora i runga i te metana wai, kaua i te wai - kia ora ai i runga i a Titan. E whakaaturia ana he whakaahua o te azotosome iwa-nanometer, te rahi o te huaketo, me te wahi o te membrane i tapahia atu hei whakaatu i te waahanga o roto. Ko te rangahau whakamiharo na nga kaiputaiao o te Whare Wānanga o Cornell i New York e tohu ana he nui ake pea te ora i te ao nui atu i te whakaaro. Ko te oranga e whakaarohia ana e rātau, e kiia nei ko te azotosome, ka hangaia e ngā pūhui hauota rauropi iti, ā, ka taea te mahi i roto i ngā pāmahana metana wai o -180°C (-292°F). Kāore he oranga i runga i te Ao e mōhiotia ana e ora ana i roto i ngā āhuatanga pēnei. "Ko tā tātau te mahere tuatahi o te ora ehara i te mea e mōhiotia ana e tātau", te kī a te ākonga paetahi a James Stevenson, te kaituhi tuatahi o te rangahau. E whakawhirinaki ana te ora i runga i tō tātou aorangi ki tētahi mata o waho wai-roto - he pūngāwerewere, he pūngāwai ngako rānei - e mau ana i te matū o ia pūtau. I te mea kaore he oranga i runga i te Ao ka ora ki te kore wai, kei te rapu nga tohunga whetu i te oranga o waho i nga rohe noho o nga whetu e taea ai te wai wai - kaore i te wera rawa, kaore i te makariri rawa. Engari mēnā ka taea te hanga pūtau i runga i te methane, kaua ki te wai, ka taea e rātau te ora i roto i ngā āhuarangi makariri ake, nā te mea he iti ake te wāhi rewa o te methane. I tautohe tetahi rangahau i te Whiringa-a-rangi 2014 ka taea e nga momo manene te noho ki nga aorangi kei roto he matū ke e mohiotia ana ko te'supercritical' te waikura, kaua ko te wai. Ka hangaia tēnei momo CO2 ina...
Kua whakaarohia e ngā kaipūtaiao o te Whare Wānanga o Cornell i New York tētahi momo oranga hou. I huaina he azotosome ka ora i runga i te metana wai kaua ki te wai. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ka taea te ora i runga i te mata o te marama o Saturn a Titan. A ko te tikanga pea he nui ake ngā wāhi e nohoia ana i tātau i whakaaro ai. Ko te tohu tuatahi mō te 'ora ehara i te mea e mōhiotia ana e tātau,' e ai ki te ākonga a James Stevenson.