Whakarāpopototia te tuhinga:  Ko ngā tamariki e pakeke ake ana i te tīmatanga o te kura, he pai pea ā rātou mahi mātauranga, ā, he pai hoki ā rātou mahi pāpori i te wā poto - engari he nui ake te tūponotanga ka whakarerea e rātau ā rātau akoranga, ā, ka mahi hara i te wā o te taiohi. I ako tētahi rōpū kairangahau o U.S. i te pānga o te tīmatanga o te whare kōhungahunga ki ngā tamariki i whānau i te 60 rā i mua, i te 60 rā i muri i te rā tīmatanga o te tīmatanga. I kitea hoki e rātau he nui ake te tūponotanga o ēnei hua kino ki ngā tamariki i ahu mai i ngā wāhi pōhara. Ko nga tamariki e pakeke ake ana i te wa e timata ana ratou i te kindergarten (he whakaahua o te taonga e whakaatuhia ana) he nui ake te mahi pai i roto i te ako me te hapori i roto i te wa poto, engari he nui ake pea te whakarere i a raatau akoranga me te mahi hara i te wa e taiohi ana ratou, e kii ana tetahi rangahau hou. Ko Philip Cook, he kaiwhakaako i Duke University's Sanford School of Public Policy me te kaituhi matua o te rangahau, i kii: <unk>Ko tenei rangahau e whakarato ana i te taunakitanga tuatahi o te hononga take i waenga i te wehenga me te hara. <unk>E tautoko ana te reira i te whakaaro kia whakaarohia ngā hua o te hara i te aromatawai i ngā whakahoutanga kura. <unk>He nui rawa te maha o ngā kaitiaki i roto i te whare herehere, nō reira e mōhio ana mātou he hononga kaha kei waenganui i te whakarere i te kura me te hara. Engari hei whakapumautia te take, me whakamātautau. Ka whai hua taku tātaritanga i te whakamātautau a te taiao e pā ana ki te rā whānau.<unk> Ko te Ahorangi Cook me Songman Kang o te Whare Wānanga o Hanyang i Seoul, Korea ki te Tonga i whakahaere i te rangahau, i whakaputaina i roto i te American Economic Journal-Applied Economics. E kiia ana koinei te rangahau tuatahi hei hono i te whakarere i te kura, me te hara. I whakatauritea e te rangahau ngā ākonga kura tūmatanui o Te Tai Tokerau o Carolina i whānau i ngā rā 60 i mua, me ngā rā 60 i muri i te rā kati kura. I te wā o te rangahau, me eke ngā tamariki ki te rima tau i te 16 o Oketopa kia uru ai ki te whare kōhungahunga i taua tau. Ko nga akonga tawhito-mo-te-tau he nui ake pea te whiu mo te hara i mua i te tau 20, e ai ki te rangahau. Ka whakaatuhia he whakaahua o te taraiwa inu inu taiohi. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka haere ngā tamariki ki te whare kōhungahunga i te wā e rima, e ono rānei o rātau tau. Kua whakapumautia e ngā rangahau o mua, ko ngā tamariki i whānau...
I tirotirohia e te rangahau ngā tamariki e tīmata ana i te whare kōhungahunga i North Carolina. Ko te hunga e uru atu ana ki te ono tau neke atu i te rima e kiia ana he 'koroheke mo te taumata' Ko ēnei tamariki 'whakare-mo-te-tau' te hunga tino pai rawa atu i te kura tae noa ki te 16 tau. I kitea hoki i roto i te rangahau he iti iho te toru o te tūponotanga ki te whakauru ki te whanonga hara i a rātou e kura ana. Engari he nui ake te tūponotanga ki te whakarere i te kura me te mahi hara i muri i te 16 o nga tau.