Whakaotihia te rerenga e whai ake nei: I whanau i Wiener Neustadt i te 1558, ko Maximilian III te tuawha o nga tama a Emperor Maximilian II me Empress Maria o Austria. I te 1585, ka riro ia hei Kaiwhakaako Nui o te Teutonic Order, a, i muri mai ka mohiotia e te ingoa "te Kaiwhakaako Tiamana" ("der Deutschmeister"). I te 1587, he kaitono ia mo te torona o te Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, a ko tetahi waahanga o nga rangatira o Polani i kowhiria hei kingi. Heoi, i te mutunga o te tukanga pōtitanga pōti, ka pōtitia hoki tētahi atu kaitono. I ngana a Maximilian ki te whakatau i te tautohetohe ma nga tikanga hoia, na reira ka tiimata te Pakanga o te Whakauru o Polani. Ahakoa he tautoko nui tana i Polani, he maha ake nga kaitautoko i kukume i tana hoa whakataetae. Whai muri i te ngana ki te whakaeke i Kraków i te mutunga o te 1587, ka hinga a Maximilian i te
Te Pakanga o Byczyna i te Hanuere 1588, ka mauheretia. I tukuna noa ia ma te whakauru a Pope Sixtus V. I te 1589, i whakarerea e ia tana kereme ki te karauna Polani. I te tau 1595, i whai muri ia i tana matua keke a Ferdinand II hei Archduke o Austria Atu me te Kawana o Tyrol, i kitea ai he kaitautoko pakari ia mo te Whakakorenga-Whakakorenga. I mate a Maximilian i Vienna i te tau 1618, ka tanumia ki te urupa i Innsbruck Cathedral.