Whakakihia te rerenga e whai ake nei: I te rau tau 17, ko te uara hōia o te "pospolite ruszenie" he iti rawa, a ko te wa whakamutunga i karangahia ai ia ki te whai wāhi ki te Pakanga o Warsaw o 1656 i te wa o
Ko te waipuke (ko te pakanga i mutu me te hinga o Polani). Heoi, i whakapono tonu te "szlachta" i hanga e ratou he ope rangatira, a ko ta raatau whai waahi ki te tiaki i te whenua he take nui mo to raatau mana i roto i a ia. I te mea i whakamahia tenei hei whakatikatika mo te taake iti ake, i kitea e te putea o te Commonwealth he nui ake te hiakai mo nga moni hei utu ki te ope taua, tuuturu. I te mea kua whakaitihia te ope taua i taua wa ki te 16,000, he mea ngawari ki ona hoa tata ki te hinga i ona ope (ko te ope Imperial Russian he 300,000; ko te ope Prussian me te Imperial Austrian Army, 200,000).