Whakaotihia te rerenga e whai ake nei: Ko te Sejm roa-roa i karangahia e Stanisław August i te tau 1788 e mohiotia ana ko te Great, Four-Year Sejm ranei. Ko te whakatutukitanga nui o te Sejm ko te paahitanga o te Ture 3 o Mei, te tuatahi i Uropi hou te whakapuaki i te ture nui o te kawanatanga. Ko te tuhinga whakahoutanga engari he ngawari, i whakapaehia e nga kaitautoko o te French Revolution sympathies, kaore i roa ka kaha te whakahe mai i nga porowhita o runga o te Commonwealth me Catherine II, i whakatau ki te aukati i te whanautanga o te Commonwealth kaha. I karanga te Targowica Confederation o te rangatira ki te Empress mo te awhina a i te marama o Mei 1792 ka uru te ope a Ruhia ki te rohe o te Commonwealth. Ko te
I mutu te pakanga ārai i whawhaihia e nga ope o te Commonwealth i te wa i whakapono ai te Kingi, i te koretake o te aukati, i tohe ma te whakauru ki te Targowica Confederation. I riro te Kaunihera i te kawanatanga, engari i whakaritea e Ruhia me Prussia i te tau 1793 me te whakaoti i te Wahanga Tuarua o te Commonwealth, i mahue i te whenua me te rohe whakaheke whakaheke, kaore e taea te noho motuhake.