['centre existence powerful dynamo', 'sun', 'gives us heat light drives great engine life', 'food chain part', 'matter even youre hardcore meateater', 'dinner started plants somewhere turning sunlight food', 'us', 'solar powered', 'maybe ancient egyptians right worship sun', 'four billion years sun given life everything', 'land sea', 'rover one rover two', 'edge wall beginning descent', 'names dijanna figueroa im phd student uc santa barbara', 'cool copy starting descent', 'think one coolest jobs world', 'check corkscrew coral', 'im marine biologist get go bottom ocean', 'study amazing organisms live', 'theres nothing id rather', 'rover one rover one copy', 'walls pretty amazing', 'barely edge photosynthesis right', 'ambient lights really going', 'youre totally reliant technology thats little bubble', 'dive depth mystery', 'never know youre gon na see', 'look krill oh gosh', 'looks like krill heaven rover one', 'yeah roger pretty incredible', 'seeing much anything alive dijanna', 'much life think pretty much photic zone', 'like moon huh', 'copy', 'hey look got crinoid right', 'hey dijanna got crinoid finally found citizen', 'copy', 'yeah looks like getting deeper animals', 'look like theyre suspension feeders particle feeders', 'light surface much survive', 'places ocean sunlight never reached', 'since world began yet amazing life forms thrive', 'invited join new expedition explore places', 'say yes', 'keldysh keldysh ares bridge', 'yeah dave begin dive reef right', 'got mir one going water', 'like weve got central area work rover one gon na stay', 'im jim cameron heres deal', 'love stuff', 'exploration real honesttogod deep ocean exploration', 'way exciting madeup hollywood special effects', 'deep ocean expeditions always seem like space missions', 'combine outer space inner space', 'sure well take marine biologists', 'take astrobiologists space researchers', 'thats bunch space scientists wound', 'thousand miles nearest land', 'right feet darkness', 'insane alien life forms ever discovered', 'two ships', 'four manned submersibles', 'forty dives ten sites atlantic pacific', 'like big operations one hook', 'well come together like well try stay couple meters apart', 'dont want drift', 'communications compromised multiple subs water', 'working frequency russian english', 'want make sure stay visual', 'plan coordinate foursub dive', 'using ships two mirs two rovers could rendezvous bottom', 'would world first', 'hi dr sagalevitch', 'anatoly sagalevitch heads manned submersibles laboratory', 'russian academy sciences', 'weve working together almost decade', 'adventurers', 'fault titanic twice', 'bismarck', 'sometime around middle bismarck anatoly says', 'know wrecks good theyre interesting', 'something real', 'science something real', 'genya chernaiev one russian mir pilots', 'hes flying submersibles years', 'important thing boat course view', 'degrees unobstructed', 'view makes rovers unique', 'acrylic sphere cant go deep mirs', 'theyd joining us atlantic leg journey', 'also jake little remotely operated bot', 'wed used explore titanic bismarck wrecks', 'jake modified test variety sampling tools', 'brother mike jakes inventor pilot expedition', 'challenge steer jake safely around volcanically active vent sites', 'fry little bot', 'would hopefully allow us get close personal', 'creatures wed come see', 'weve checked decks twice rigging looks squared away', 'brother us', 'jd safety communications officer board ares', 'called crap job number', 'launch procedure per book everythings straightforward', 'shes first shes second recovery determined jim bottom', 'recovery go either way', 'chose ares giant aframe stern', 'massive hydraulic cylinders lift sub deck', 'water ease', 'one safest ways launch large payload ship', 'constantly tested procedures everything dialed', 'upcoming foursub dive', 'right lets stations lets', 'im gon na need everybody keep ears open observant', 'keep eyes open lights submersibles', 'know gon na challenging think pull', 'right go jacks', 'finally everything motion', 'middle north atlantic', 'thousand miles nearest land', 'little expedition make history', 'motion motion', 'nice slow blue winch nice slow', 'gunnin runnin huh yeah', 'least plan', 'stop stop stop', 'copy lima charlie problem right', 'aframe', 'ill let know soon crew gets sorted', 'hour minutes ago safety stop', 'uh know aframe went south', 'complete breakdown cylinder ultimately amounts cold stop', 'bolts shot', 'paint thats forever busts loose situation', 'happened one well', 'yeah right mean middle ocean broken aframe', 'thats sounds like', 'gon na get fixed', 'call aframesrus know little service ship come', 'thousand miles shore', 'dont move immediately', 'least something need start processing', 'well mean cant fix', 'dont alternate way launching sub', 'expeditions', 'going explore accept fact', 'one hand theres risk stay night long', 'thinking every single factor thats involved youre', 'making sure youve thought everything', 'cause eliminate things think', 'youve eliminated ninetenths go wrong', 'way last onetenth pops youre middle', 'dont worry stuff cause youve dealt', 'look completely serious idea cutting bulwark away side', 'best idea ive heard alternate plan yet', 'cut side right ship', 'say go clear captain right', 'ok well plan b', 'right talk tonight', 'dont think try allup drill tonight', 'mean people since morning', 'became apparent way get subs ares', 'use main crane sliding submersibles side vessel', 'crane feet actual pick point submersible', 'object starts swing cant stop', 'called wreckingball effect', 'gets away cant get back', 'im guessing weve got six eight feet travel im thinking use', 'ultimately resulted jim writing page manual', 'thought best way launch vessel', 'eye feeds', 'spent long time devising four separate pick points', 'well eight different points connection submersible', 'stop swaying', 'would practice night long', 'dawn following day ready attempt first time', 'spent past hours rebuilding entire launch recovery system', 'required us cut wall rerig every capstan rerig every block tackle', 'weve got different points rigging', 'every single point checked hand', 'single point fails anything', 'blue winch cable snaps breaks', 'lose sub risk chance losing somebody deck', 'im looking every pulley tension looking', 'keldysh advised go launch ops', 'deck crew advised minutes start launch operation', 'paul yeah roger dp control', 'mir ones going water right', 'lets see crane guys', 'oh yes stow get line', 'byebye', 'tim straps', 'keep going keep going keep going keep going keep going keep going', 'dp control keldysh mirs beginning descent', 'say goodbye surface world', 'love part', 'everything go ready vent', 'rover one', 'go ahead rover one', 'start tandem descent', 'ok go three two one', 'venting go go go ok venting', 'venting', 'right rock roll go', 'descent lost city takes minutes', 'plenty time think youre', 'name loretta hidalgo im explorer', 'copy rover one rover two hearing loud clear', 'goal one day explore reaches space', 'bomb yeah meters', 'surface rover two meters bottom', 'god structures gorgeous', 'ok theres rendezvous point right', 'mir two mir two rover two copy', 'mir two mir two rover two copy', 'thats affirmative rover two good visual', 'something humans ever done', 'first time four deep submersibles ever dived together', 'water pressure get feet mindboggling', 'youve ever carried bucket water know thats foot water', 'imagine feet water', 'weight buckets lined head', 'pressing submarine', 'definitely something humans evolved', 'ok loretta relay mike position bot ops', 'copy', 'mir two mir two go bot deploy', 'uh roger well get set bot ops', 'ok yeah', 'theres jake', 'see tether spinning', 'like spider spinning web', 'im gon na pull little tether left current', 'ill yaw back right', 'really pushing boundary', 'extreme environment', 'incredible experience feeling like id transported future', 'hi bot', 'space mission watching another spacecraft', 'coming work us', 'hi mike get', 'affirmative affirmative', 'push tiny bit get right close go', 'oh wow seeing structure', 'yeah beautiful', 'ok mike come right degrees come forward', 'youll come big fan right corner rock', 'copy', 'oh gorgeous feel like im', 'liking im loving', 'ok im gon na come little bit well pretty good', 'ive encountered little current expected right', 'oh gosh', 'hello mr big', 'hes like dont even mess', 'oh oh god', 'wow', 'wow', 'kevin hand one astrobiologists', 'hes brilliant guy', 'really', 'thats one interesting things think europan ocean', 'ask two questions life europa', 'could life originated europa', 'astrobiology study life worlds', 'since kevin doesnt real extraterrestrial specimens analyze yet', 'hes next best thing', 'looking life extreme conditions deep ocean', 'hes theory guy hes never sea', 'let alone inside submersible headed bottom ocean', 'go unknown', 'rover two mir two copies loud clear loud clear', 'yeah looks like goes long ways', 'mir two right us', 'people get see mir two angle', 'fantastic', 'scale things much larger imagined', 'amazing', 'weve got huge huge carbonate structure', 'unbelievable', 'copy right rotator going rotator going', 'hot water flowing slowly forming stalactites', 'upsidedown stalactites slowly deposited millennium millennium', 'whats interesting', 'dont necessarily need plate tectonics', 'need means water react deep mantle rock', 'get serpentinization reaction', 'produces heat drives formation systems', 'absolutely phenomenal', 'want go ahead proceed summit', 'roger', 'theres warm water yeah', 'vent fluid coming right', 'wow amazing', 'technology level', 'safely explore depths ocean', 'kinda friable yeah', 'ok', 'yeah look', 'got rock hey got sample', 'rover one rover one rover two', 'oh goodness look oh christ', 'holy cow', 'ok stop stop stop kevin seeing', 'look thing absolutely unreal', 'see get lights right', 'roger', 'oh goodness look amazing', 'oh man look thing', 'look thing incredible', 'something like alive', 'creature like work absolutely phenomenal', 'beautiful', 'absolutely beautiful', 'see reticulation inside thing look', 'amazing', 'idea', 'thats love stuff', 'every single dive youre gon na see something youve never seen', 'might even see something nobodys ever seen', 'seeing thing look', 'like ugliest fish world', 'oh hes got feet look hes got feet hes got like little toesocks', 'thing deep diving always need expect unexpected', 'oh god look squid', 'oh massive', 'look look look quick look', 'see', 'absolutely fantastic', 'look fish see guy', 'right got us dumbo hoping', 'beautiful animal beautiful animal look', 'like dancer', 'amazing creature', 'god could watch guy day', 'almost looks like hes glowing within', 'mir one mir one rover two copy', 'mir one mir one copy rover two', 'mir one mir one rover two copy', 'intermittent jim sometimes yes sometimes', 'uh roger mike', 'seriously low power leave bottom', 'get ahold vince', 'must go', 'genya must go', 'oh hes trying say something', 'hes trying say look porthole', 'cant see', 'call surface', 'hes saying might', 'need contact surface ascending', 'cant read zoom lets see read sign', 'contact surface must surface understood well contact right', 'ares surface comm rover two leaving bottom', 'x minus minus', 'depth meters', 'jim got goods definitely got', 'ah thing phenomenal', 'see oh incredible incredible', 'huge um jellyfish', 'type gelatinous', 'massive like meter', 'think feeding uh', 'amphipods plankton copepods next', 'hanging lights hanging light yeah', 'hows work man dont know', 'working somehow exactly', 'lifes pretty cool yeah absolutely fantastic', 'welcome back kevin thanks', 'team rover go team rover', 'name maya tolstoy im marine seismologist', 'lamontdoherty earth observatory', 'study underwater volcanoes', 'particularly study earthquakes volcanoes make', 'im trying understand earth made', 'surface planet formed', 'im going deploying oceanbottom seismometers', 'instruments listen earthquakes', 'noises ocean floor', 'ocean light goes far', 'sound allows basically see bottom ocean', 'see ocean crust way light lets see surface', 'put instruments side ship drop gather data', 'normally dont dive order job', 'exciting finally see environment', 'ive working decade', 'mir two copy', 'visual inbound', 'roger', 'see yeah window', 'looks like spaceship', 'wow', 'thats incredible thats like another planet', 'incredible world', 'important formation planet', 'two thirds surface world created', 'still know little', 'see theyre shiny glassy', 'oh yeah look shows cooled superquickly', 'thats like really turns glass basically obsidian called', 'look', 'see theres hardly sediment', 'thats really fresh brandnew crust looking', 'wow', 'imagine stuff erupts', 'molten rock oozing hitting freezing cold water', 'cant imagine must insane', 'must look pretty cool', 'seconds die', 'miss son', 'hes five months old', 'hard decision make come', 'think important study one remarkable phenomenon', 'weve ever discovered oceans', 'mir two keep going upslope heading', 'chimneys top sulfide mound', 'roger', 'wow', 'around world', 'running middle oceans like seams baseball', 'cracks spreading centers', 'crust planet literally ripping apart', 'sea looks normal', 'two miles violent landscape', 'fresh lava flows crack freezes rock', 'sea water seeps molten rock beneath new crust', 'gets superheated far hotter boiling', 'cant boil intense pressure bottom ocean', 'comes roaring sea floor', 'superheated water hits freezing ocean minerals condense', 'forming chimneys creating black smoke', 'see black smoke youre really seeing', 'blowtorch superheated water', 'uh getting position get water sample', 'top one structures', 'yeah roger thats good', 'ok lets get close chimney genya', 'chimneys reach degrees fahrenheit', 'thats hot enough melt windows submersible', 'thats bad thing', 'mental note dont melt windows submersible', 'guys getting really close black smoker', 'close enough think maybe little close', 'uh well starting get plume', 'right underneath sub', 'genya move back better move back', 'ok start move back', 'thats normal usually drive right em like', 'right top little freaky', 'thats pretty cool kevin', 'geologys fascinating came', 'keldysh keldysh mir two bottom', 'depth meters', 'top moose structure', 'sites first visited years ago geologists', 'werent looking life', 'wasnt got submersible', 'went bottom see eyes', 'like oh god theres life beautiful', 'entire ecosystem', 'wow thats awesome', 'copy thats imaging right', 'look hot water theyre right flow', 'oh man check', 'like liquid fire guys dancing right next', 'really tickling dragons tail', 'science community stunned', 'could animals living toxic chemicals', 'pressures around extremes temperature', 'freezing beyond boiling inches', 'could whole ecosystem living without sunlight', 'living thriving', 'unbelievable', 'insane amount biomass ever saw life', 'wow', 'holy pancakes batman', 'theyre right flow enjoying hydrothermal fluid', 'oh look em swarming love smoke', 'oh yeah', 'vents providing energy life', 'coming chemicals dissolved water', 'coming inside earth', 'photosynthesis chemosynthesis', 'whole new basis life one didnt need sun', 'water heat', 'partys going dark last billion years', 'gon na going next billion years', 'theyre thing got nothing us', 'sun could go tomorrow wouldnt know wouldnt care', 'exploring discovering ecosystems like', 'may depend energy sun', 'opens sorts interesting possibilities', 'think search life elsewhere', 'wherever weve found liquid water planet earth weve found life', 'thats pretty profound', 'find liquid water elsewhere solar system gon na find life', 'wont know unless start searching', 'fact nasa planning mission called jupiter icy moons orbiter', 'aka jimo', 'feet long gon na several times longer', 'planetary probe ever launched', 'nuclear reactor power ion engines big science radar', 'main goal jimo use radar', 'look ice jupiters three largest moons', 'first study callisto itll move ganymede', 'bizarre moons largest jupiters known moons', 'callisto ganymede crusts ancient ice rock', 'may hide oceans miles surface', 'io moon fire ice', 'ios eccentric orbit causes deform circles jupiter', 'intense tidal pumping pulls moon like taffy', 'generating friction core becomes heat', 'heat drives solar systems largest active volcanoes', 'constant eruptions rivers lava', 'volcanic plumes shooting hundreds miles space', 'gem jovian system least far search life concerned', 'europa', 'fire ice come together perfect harmony', 'scientific community relatively certain', 'beneath icy chaotic shell europa exists liquid water ocean', 'twice volume earths oceans combined', 'tidal heating working keeping water freezing', 'possibly providing energy life', 'kind life finding deep vents earth', 'see yellow white orange', 'thats huge colony microbes', 'acres acres bacterial mass', 'look could like little glimpse back time', 'yeah couple billion years ago', 'hydrothermal vents planet earth', 'since oceans formed', 'may sites like around life began', 'sort scoop top area', 'maybe little bit sediment', 'excellent', 'nice sample', 'see stringy little filaments make mat', 'extremophiles simply life forms thrive extremes', 'temperature pressure radiation', 'environments us deadly', 'microbes go far beyond anything imagination could conceive', 'back first started studying might find life', 'find anything europa probably gon na look like', 'absolutely', 'think gon na try get evidence life another planet', 'weve certainly got ta look evidence life first', 'sample weve got right', 'pan conrad one senior astrobiologists', 'comes jet propulsion laboratory', 'shes one valuable people knows make science fun', 'know little used play like submarine', 'cool way better cardboard box', 'tolya see ease structure', 'absolutely', 'like mushroom planet looks exactly like mushroom', 'ah thats gorgeous like mirror', 'thats hot water forming surface', 'cool', 'see bacteria growing right along edge right hot flow', 'see', 'bacterial mats top', 'certain molecules found living organisms', 'glow theyre hit ultraviolet laser', 'good place fluorometer reading', 'think great place fluorometer reading', 'designed life detection tool way', 'could point rock say', 'aha theres evidence life', 'lights', 'ok im going start measurement ready', 'go', 'ok lasers firing', 'got lot signal', 'whoo good weve got like counts ultraviolet', 'interesting doctor life', 'theres definitely organic stuff', 'important study', 'extreme environments earth', 'go solar system look life', 'mir two copy', 'go ares', 'name kelly snook work nasa im planetary scientist', 'copy', 'study process exploration', 'rover two mir two', 'daytoday work', 'learn use earth training ground going another planet', 'looking analogs', 'baboom', 'basket slam dunk', 'slam dunk center line', 'thought bacterial told anatoly pick', 'people ship middle ocean', 'studying hydrothermal vents making film', 'mars', 'people bottom ocean', 'surface mars', 'everything ocean ten times harder think going', 'go thinking gon na really hard know', 'dont see mars surface ops space', 'different', 'yeah hopefully well time day sort debug comm protocols', 'way interacting', 'team included astronaut megan mcarthur', 'nasa johnson space center', 'astrobiologist tori hoehler nasa ames research center', 'worked together explore ways humans technologies', 'improve science discoveries well make moon mars', 'combination science technology', 'especially environment like ocean', 'similar space exploration', 'submersible like pressurized rover mars', 'using opportunity learn lessons space', 'go ahead roberto', 'find microbial mats right near chimney', 'uh guess depends able configure mirs', 'would talk remote scientists nasa', 'would get requests particular rocks', 'would process rocks prepare take back earth', 'think probably loaded bacteria', 'think white stuff likely like say sulfur oxidizers', 'analogs like key understanding', 'well scientific exploration moon mars', 'need manipulators like mir probably', 'handle problems technical glitches', 'doubt extended planetary mission', 'whatever switched better switch back', 'right', 'rover one mir one', 'advised lost starboard horizontal thruster', 'uh weve lost ac lost pan tilt', 'probably gon na abort', 'every event planned unplanned', 'generates data apply future', 'much study humans interact technology', 'allows accomplish tasks', 'technology simple', 'space bottom ocean nothing simple', 'yes', 'oh', 'gon na go', 'ay', 'cant rotate scoop edge carousel', 'put', 'rotate scoop', 'one piece gone inside', 'yeah ok good right got got one one', 'better integrate technology like robotics', 'human exploration systems', 'effectively well able explore solar system', 'feel like im spacecraft im sorry', 'said feel like im spacecraft', 'thats right', 'inner space worlds best spacecraft', 'explore planet youre', 'experience human beings inside submersible', 'interested', 'marge marge simpsons hairdo', 'hardware process', 'communications people robots', 'scientist interface technology', 'trying study', 'ok guys id like come right', 'youve look cause getting much image', 'current course favorable', 'thats ok wouldnt fun easy right', 'whats fish big fish dont scared', 'want take sample small sulfide rocks', 'bottom would fine', 'technologically difficult thing', 'pick rock bottom ocean', 'put sample collection device', 'thats really core interested', 'humans going small easy tasks difficult environment', 'whoa got currents come gripper grip', 'got', 'oh hang onto baby', 'right got barely got got', 'ok try get carousel', 'well task would take person field', 'couple minutes earth take hours mars', 'every step new challenge', 'translate right little bit another two inches', 'cant send people mars right away would send probably six', 'people responsible', 'science exploration surface', 'kind like proxies thousands people back earth', 'interested mission', 'mars obvious first place look life solar system', 'theres evidence earth mars', 'share similar history abundant water', 'one important key elements life know water', 'mars see today dry dusty cold apparently dead', 'set wayback machine didnt look like', 'could imagine life evolving mars', 'impact great enough', 'based know extremophiles', 'think life could survive trip mars earth rock', 'possible life could viable long trip', 'might martians might another solar system entirely', 'right put hand would sacrifice ten years life go mars', 'im going sure', 'would talk husband letting go mars', 'say right honey gon na five years ok', 'im gon na write every day well email', 'whoa thats loaded question', 'funny cause asked question would go mars', 'raised hand without even thinking consequences life home', 'husband cat mom dad', 'cat', 'thatd hard think hed say go really', 'cause think us human exploration bug', 'somebody love opportunity go', 'represent humanity explore think hed push go', 'youve keldysh almost month', 'easy pretend youre way mars', 'youre far away everything know', 'small environment crew', 'professional interests', 'theyre explore theyre science', 'russians resourceful', 'showing us sampling tools', 'tool sample anything youd want sample', 'things really clever', 'simple nikolai pot', 'basically pot stole cook nikolai', 'something love getting part', 'know get culture look engineering', 'operations', 'incredible environment working', 'love way brings people together', 'victor', 'obed', 'lunch', 'yeah yes thats right', 'yeah yay', 'expedition captured lot spirit', 'ok right', 'idea something really difficult', 'people come together make something like happen', 'poyehaly', 'way communicate', 'forward', 'victors practicing', 'vitka khorosho khorosho', 'one things enjoy russian culture', 'way integrate play work', 'vosempyaty', 'mean ive studied russian college', 'always wanted work russian space program', 'keldysh great analog know space launch complex', 'understood astronauts always saying', 'say technicians engineers pad', 'real heroes making sure youre gon na safe', 'expedition captured lot spirit', 'engines start', 'sea two incredible explorers', 'already way mars', 'spirit got first blazing thin martian atmosphere mph', 'opportunity arrived weeks later', 'landing nerveracking affair', 'current altitude approximately feet', 'awaiting confirmation', 'moving speed miles per hour near terminal velocity', 'cleaner separation end detected', 'signal moment', 'deepspace network tracking stations canberra searching primary signal', 'mars everybody', 'equipped highresolution stereoscopic cameras', 'swiss army knifes worth geological', 'chemical science instruments', 'mission mars exploration rovers clear', 'find evidence water mars past', 'conditions may favorable life', 'learn lot rock know ask', 'know look', 'two rovers opportunity really hit jackpot', 'ancient bedrock absolutely loaded hematite', 'ironbearing mineral usually forms interaction liquid water', 'scientists detected jarosite', 'mineral suggests rocks may soaked acid ground water', 'hot springs environment like yellowstone national park', 'clues included empty cavities inside rocks', 'salt crystals may dissolved away', 'rippled sediment patterns', 'hinting presence freeflowing water thousands years', 'blueberries tiny spheres hematite', 'eroded rocks spilled surface', 'earth spheres like form presence water time', 'spirit opportunity helped confirm water mars', 'equipped tell us water', 'job fell mars odyssey orbiter', 'detected believed massive quantities water ice', 'feet surface highest concentrations poles', 'phoenix rise ashes mars polar lander', 'using many failed missions spare parts', 'land near martian north pole', 'first time ever', 'martian probe scratch surface', 'phoenix dig deep permafrost', 'sample martian water first time', 'everything learn mars makes story exciting', 'theres evidence past water theres evidence past volcanism', 'chemistry checks', 'ingredients life thats keep searching', 'course thats way searching life universe', 'look hes computer coordinated know', 'says seti institute shirt laptop', 'little top thats impressive', 'youre putting message well know gave', 'one groups im affiliated', 'search extraterrestrial intelligence institute', 'seti institute try detect intelligent signals', 'distant civilizations around another star', 'frank drake one founders seti institute', 'wrote set factors known drake equation', 'includes factors fraction stars around planets form', 'fraction habitable planets life emerges', 'fraction life evolves intelligence', 'eventually becoming toolusing civilizations', 'communicate civilizations galaxy', 'last factor lifetime intelligent communicating civilization', 'time develop technology', 'communicate beings distant planet', 'also develop technology annihilate', 'thats standard intelligent civilizations galaxy', 'going much luck searching life elsewhere', 'lets say kind modified drakes equation', 'says life possible planet distance sun', 'even anywhere near sun planetarylike body', 'like moon jupiter whatever ice around ok', 'kind tidal pumping gravity source near', 'liquid core generating heat', 'making heat like hydrothermal vents seeing', 'said maybe ten twenty fifty times many worlds like', 'isnt logical assume get call one buddies', 'seti institute finally picks signal', 'gon na coming somebody bore ice', 'set transmitter ice', 'statistically isnt indicated talking', 'theres flaw statement ice worlds common', 'idea right', 'got one liquid water planet solar system', 'weve already identified three potential hydrospheres', 'icecovered far sun right', 'based immediate experience threetoone ratio', 'sure sure know habitable', 'dont got ta go look right', 'may find icy little worlds like europa', 'bulk liquid water exists galaxy', 'fact thats bulk life may exist', 'knows', 'really interesting think evolution intelligence', 'icy world system', 'would evolve intelligence', 'would wonder bottom ice shell', 'primary focus site mussels crabs', 'ok need mussels crabs gon na crabs crab trap', 'gon na crab traps', 'hoping whatever fix crab trap trap guys', 'care put crab trap', 'preferably theres crabs', 'yes currently x coordinates minus', 'coordinates minus', 'story vents really story microbes', 'right', 'bottom food chain waving fields bacteria', 'vent fluid kind liquid sunshine', 'powering whole food chain', 'animals eating bacteria', 'preying ones eat bacteria', 'kind ethereal huh', 'would thought bacteria could beautiful', 'animals eating bacteria', 'theres something else going', 'symbiosis dance life partners different species', 'vent animals like shrimp mussels', 'formed symbiotic relationships microbes', 'live chemicals vent fluid', 'oh near something big guys', 'large mussel beds jackpot', 'study metabolic molecular physiology', 'mussels crabs live deep sea vents', 'im focusing ability withstand variations', 'large variations temperature', 'genus bathymodiolus', 'scientific name mussels study', 'weve got mussel mound right genya', 'think perfect spot mussel collections', 'yes see im talking', 'think mixed sizes get small ones', 'take small big also need small', 'small small', 'ok malinky yeah small', 'yes ok', 'right', 'keldysh keldysh mir one', 'collected full batch mussels clam bucket', 'x minus minus', 'oh yeah bingo baby', 'looks like got crabs', 'yes got crabs big time like full', 'bio box closed crabbage', 'crabbage', 'wan na open yeah', 'phd advisor jim childress', 'hes studying hydrothermal vent communities', 'since discovery late', 'years experience going sea science', 'extreme environments', 'childress lab one labs world', 'thats able keep animals maintain', 'environment similar come', 'fast take animals collected', 'bring lab', 'place maintenance respirometry system', 'call thing condo', 'put animals little condos', 'repressurize pressure collected', 'make sure back temperature', 'optimal survival', 'pick animals use experiments', 'transfer another system', 'thats called highpressure respirometry system', 'system extremely unique special', 'manipulate environmental conditions', 'look metabolic rates animals', 'vary environmental condition thats love study', 'looking mussels gain better understanding', 'temperature adaptation might help us future', 'comes warming planet', 'global warming real', 'putting planet risk life know species', 'mean whole food chain whole ecosystem', 'point gon na deal', 'think got ocean mysterious', 'unknown', 'explored hasnt conquered', 'appreciate respect', 'ever think youd end', 'oh god', 'guess path questions tried answer', 'led path ended', 'question im trying answer', 'taking submarines bottom ocean', 'ok lets uh let meeting come order', 'dive snake pit', 'pilots dr anatoly sagalevitch mir one genya chernaiev mir two', 'find structure work bot', 'well land base well try work structure', 'ideally way chimney', 'supposed much hot venting wall', 'shimmering water', 'dont think hot vents happen way top correct', 'best way visualize stuff wherever see something black', 'thats like blowtorch', 'thats know blowtorch made water', 'ok theres mir one', 'theyre coming us arent', 'youre halfway structure right', 'work way forward along wall', 'copy', 'theres antlershaped stone bowl thats filled juvenile rimicaris', 'roger', 'right think structure describing', 'think get little closer', 'thats see em', 'got oh wow', 'copy see', 'little shrimp different related', 'yes juvenile adults', 'vent shrimp rimicaris exoculata', 'grazing bacteria growing around', 'seeing crab sure', 'look em theyre eating bacteria thats growing crab', 'oh almost got guy look', 'hes covered bacteria', 'doesnt know thinks shrimp picking', 'like crabfu bottom ocean', 'shrimp colony go', 'lets check guy ok', 'black smoke look guys', 'cant believe theyre swimming', 'oops aah hot', 'ok cooking gon na cook', 'im gon na move little closer', 'bold', 'lets get back ive got full back command', 'heck right', 'theyre attached us lets stay away', 'theyre us theyre attacking us', 'lookit shrimp love theyre', 'shrimp loving jake check', 'look', 'oh wow oh goodness cant even see fly', 'see shrimp', 'yeah looks like weve got piggybackers', 'shrimp along ride', 'wow thats amazing', 'get shrimp sizzler', 'cant get shrimp sizzler', 'riftia giant tubeworms', 'hands stars deep vent community', 'also best example symbiosis action', 'ive got little bit shimmering water', 'ok wow oh gorgeous', 'animals dont even stomach', 'literally cant eat', 'depend completely large sac microbes inside body', 'produces food', 'get really close see pretty neat stuff', 'oh wow', 'see guy grab', 'want get ready think set', 'mark', 'oh might come us go', 'oh', 'crab got away tell em nice try', 'nice try nice try', 'theyre gorgeous underwater', 'long red plume like gill', 'takes oxygen also nutrients vent fluid', 'worms job keep plume flow', 'sucking nutrients feed bacteria inside', 'bacterias job convert sulfide chemicals food worm', 'question bacteria work worm', 'worm work bacteria', 'animals didnt exist could imagined', 'makes wonder else waiting discovered', 'youve got cool job genya', 'thank', 'real question could imagine colony europa', 'would oxygen coming know', 'whole idea dont need sunlight drive ecosystem', 'chemosynthesis need ambient oxygen', 'oxygen water came photosynthesis', 'photosynthesis million years ago maybe', 'doesnt matter however long takes water turn', 'question becomes oxygen necessary life', 'ah yeah yeah ok', 'may large animals ok get microbial level', 'want see large animals want see large animals', 'want see large animals dont want spend money', 'go space find microbe', 'oh come microbes great know theyre highly underrated', 'theyre good conversationalists mean look would want give', 'look let go forward one cool riftia patches', 'think makes life possible', 'guys incredible symbiosis microbes', 'yeah theyre living bacteria', 'im gon na give bouquet bacteria mom', 'would give bouquet riftia', 'look things theyre beautiful', 'jim says right', 'xygen afterburner fuelled explosion multicellular life world', 'even though chemosynthesis happens beyond light sun', 'many biological processes still require free oxygen', 'oxygen typically supplied photosynthesis surface earth', 'might oxygen come europa', 'europas orbit sits within jupiters enormous magnetic field', 'intense radiation continually slams energetic particles', 'europan surface', 'potential transform vast amounts water ice', 'things like hydrogen peroxide molecular oxygen', 'assuming oxidants make way ocean regular basis', 'cracks upwellings comet impacts', 'would represent energy jackpot life forms trying survive', 'hydrothermal samples', 'come play', 'trying replicate europan surface environment lab', 'rocks deep ocean', 'lets prep chamber', 'maybe take little piece ok sure', 'europa', 'part vacuum chamber', 'weve got liquid nitrogen coming grow ices', 'basically replicate surface environment europa', 'weve got highenergy electron gun', 'replicate radiation environment jovian magnetic field', 'tremendously large powerful magnetic field jupiter', 'would happen life exposed environment', 'taking microbes found hydrothermal vents', 'putting environment', 'bombarding blasting highenergy radiation', 'making sort chemical junkyard biological chemical compound junkyard', 'sort comparable say going junkyard earth', 'wander around junkyard see steering wheel tire', 'know one point complete car', 'send spacecraft europa going understand', 'chemical molecular biosignatures left behind', 'seeing kind signature surface europa', 'imply habitability ocean', 'menez gwens underwater volcano', 'really unique place hydrothermal vents', 'shimmering water everywhere', 'digging place digging place big time', 'big time', 'really see clear fluids', 'little bit cooler cause youre getting black smoke', 'site amazing dreamlike quality', 'cooler clear vent fluid isnt toxic black smokers', 'wind getting lot visitors', 'including opportunistic predators', 'oh look shimmering water coming structure', 'collect sample would fantastic', 'mir one mir one mir two', 'mir one go ahead', 'ok jim ready launch jake ready go', 'go coming', 'everything working ok yeah seems ok', 'getting work mike jake absolutely fantastic', 'think thing distant ancestor vehicle', 'may someday explore oceans worlds', 'ok mike looking good able take core sample', 'right base chimney', 'looks pretty hot though kevin like burning tree stump', 'incredible', 'ok looks like fluid coming', 'go right', 'best im working really hard', 'kind convective flow', 'wanted close close', 'careful', 'looks like hes hit blowtorch doesnt', 'think hes getting hit', 'mike back back got top bot right vent fluid', 'see im hot water', 'really want know', 'nice mike bot mike bot', 'stay calm got', 'yeah im gon na quick', 'oh yes think got think got', 'hey got ta go cap sample poked right chimney', 'yeah copy congratulations go back cap', 'roger', 'coming home', 'yeah look', 'jake took hits', 'damage looks pretty good shape', 'yeah pretty fun pretty intense', 'diving mike great fun mastermind robot', 'didnt realize much went making bot work right', 'right needs come little pete', 'bot small could fit mir', 'onboard power supply', 'back neutral ready go', 'inside sub laptop joystick', 'thats inside sub', 'fiber unique', 'allows us send light pulse back forth vehicle', 'thats talk vehicle', 'control little camera well', 'bot creates telepresence us', 'actually allows us feel like outside submarine', 'right im gon na get little bit closer oh hes beautiful', 'never saw anything like look', 'uhoh sees us hey hey hey', 'hes going', 'look look look hes grabbed gripper', 'hes putting tentacles gripper cool', 'whos grabbing incredible', 'deliberately reached straight probed gripper', 'ive never encounter like rov', 'animal came right us touched rov like', 'extraordinary encounter', 'though got shake hands alien', 'underwater explorer', 'probably one highlights whole experience underwater', 'hard imagine someday would possible', 'explore oceans another world', 'getting idea like explore', 'extreme environments planet', 'could well pave way exploring europa', 'mission explore ice europa', 'would ultimate robotic challenge', 'landing team mission control', 'would pretty much along ride', 'europa far away even speed light', 'would take hour command reach vehicle', 'really', 'smart enough avoid terrain hazards', 'find good landing site ice', 'get ice', 'need melt probe basically nuclearheated torpedo', 'ice could anywhere three sixteen miles deep', 'week week melt probe sink weight ancient ice', 'finally', 'gon na reach surface ocean', 'need auv autonomous underwater vehicle', 'needs one smart puppy', 'able navigate make decisions alien ocean', 'europa internal heat may well hydrothermal venting', 'chemistry right', 'enormous impact humanity', 'find life ocean another world', 'order find go', 'go continue journey', 'exploration like muscle exercise make stronger', 'water common ingredient life', 'need take know deep ocean exploration', 'apply space giving scientists explorers experience theyll need', 'follow water wherever might', 'discovering life vents shows us nature teach us', 'possibly imagine', 'wonder would like', 'exploring ocean another world', 'stop stopping', 'hold steady', 'might completely change definition life', 'lets see', 'right', 'houston endurance arrived station coordinates', 'new friends', 'knows whats', 'go']