Read the following texts and table with financial data from an S&P 500 earnings report carefully.Based on the question-answer history (if provided), answer the last question. The answer may require mathematical calculation based on the data provided.


other expense , net , decreased $ 6.2 million , or 50.0% ( 50.0 % ) , for the year ended december 31 , 2004 compared to the year ended december 31 , 2003 . the decrease was primarily due to a reduction in charges on disposal and transfer costs of fixed assets and facility closure costs of $ 3.3 million , reduced legal charges of $ 1.5 million , and a reduction in expenses of $ 1.4 million consisting of individually insignificant items . interest expense and income taxes interest expense decreased in 2004 by $ 92.2 million , or 75.7% ( 75.7 % ) , from 2003 . this decrease included $ 73.3 million of expenses related to the company 2019s debt refinancing , which was completed in july 2003 . the $ 73.3 million of expenses consisted of $ 55.9 million paid in premiums for the tender of the 95 20448% ( 20448 % ) senior subordinated notes , and a $ 17.4 million non-cash charge for the write-off of deferred financing fees related to the 95 20448% ( 20448 % ) notes and pca 2019s original revolving credit facility . excluding the $ 73.3 million charge , interest expense was $ 18.9 million lower than in 2003 as a result of lower interest rates attributable to the company 2019s july 2003 refinancing and lower debt levels . pca 2019s effective tax rate was 38.0% ( 38.0 % ) for the year ended december 31 , 2004 and 42.3% ( 42.3 % ) for the year ended december 31 , 2003 . the higher tax rate in 2003 is due to stable permanent items over lower book income ( loss ) . for both years 2004 and 2003 tax rates are higher than the federal statutory rate of 35.0% ( 35.0 % ) due to state income taxes . year ended december 31 , 2003 compared to year ended december 31 , 2002 the historical results of operations of pca for the years ended december 31 , 2003 and 2002 are set forth below : for the year ended december 31 , ( in millions ) 2003 2002 change . <table class='wikitable'><tr><td>1</td><td>( in millions )</td><td>2003</td><td>2002</td><td>change</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>net sales</td><td>$ 1735.5</td><td>$ 1735.9</td><td>$ -0.4 ( 0.4 )</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>income before interest and taxes</td><td>$ 96.9</td><td>$ 145.3</td><td>$ -48.4 ( 48.4 )</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>interest expense net</td><td>-121.8 ( 121.8 )</td><td>-67.7 ( 67.7 )</td><td>-54.1 ( 54.1 )</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>income ( loss ) before taxes</td><td>-24.9 ( 24.9 )</td><td>77.6</td><td>-102.5 ( 102.5 )</td></tr><tr><td>6</td><td>( provision ) benefit for income taxes</td><td>10.5</td><td>-29.4 ( 29.4 )</td><td>39.9</td></tr><tr><td>7</td><td>net income ( loss )</td><td>$ -14.4 ( 14.4 )</td><td>$ 48.2</td><td>$ -62.6 ( 62.6 )</td></tr></table> net sales net sales decreased by $ 0.4 million , or 0.0% ( 0.0 % ) , for the year ended december 31 , 2003 from the year ended december 31 , 2002 . net sales increased due to improved sales volumes compared to 2002 , however , this increase was entirely offset by lower sales prices . total corrugated products volume sold increased 2.1% ( 2.1 % ) to 28.1 billion square feet in 2003 compared to 27.5 billion square feet in 2002 . on a comparable shipment-per-workday basis , corrugated products sales volume increased 1.7% ( 1.7 % ) in 2003 from 2002 . shipments-per-workday is calculated by dividing our total corrugated products volume during the year by the number of workdays within the year . the lower percentage increase was due to the fact that 2003 had one more workday ( 252 days ) , those days not falling on a weekend or holiday , than 2002 ( 251 days ) . containerboard sales volume to external domestic and export customers decreased 6.7% ( 6.7 % ) to 445000 tons for the year ended december 31 , 2003 from 477000 tons in the comparable period of 2002 . income before interest and taxes income before interest and taxes decreased by $ 48.4 million , or 33.3% ( 33.3 % ) , for the year ended december 31 , 2003 compared to 2002 . included in income before interest and taxes for the twelve months .
Question: what was the change in the pca 2019s effective tax rate throughout the year of 2004?

4.3