welcome back to this course on effective engineering
teaching and practice we are in a large chapter
right now where we are looking at how to access
the ah very useful information in terms of
understanding that is already available in
the literature we are bridging or building
a bridge ah to do so ah this contains four
parts abcd if you want to call it soon i havent
explicitly called it that here a part was
ah the class as a whole where we started out
with a practical aspect and then slowly moved
to the theoretical aspects of that
now bc and d would be fully theory ah as you
can see these theories are widely ah applicable
and we can use it which a way we want to improve
the learning of students ah the b part is
going to be psychological type or orientation
as it is called and learning before we get
into this let us recall that such an approach
will help us toward better understanding ok
recall the acceleration due to gravity the
g value ok experiment in natural situation
you may not be able to see ah very immediately
that the g value is a same but as a concept
it is ah applicable widely widely useful and
so on so forth
therefore these theories frameworks and so
on so forth need to apply need to be applied
wisely and not directly to practical situation
such as teaching classes ok please keep this
in mind the information can be used possibly
to plan appropriate teaching strategies to
accept the differences in learning and students
without irritation the huge plus point because
we already know that this is going to be the
case once we know this is the case we are
expecting it to happen so we wont get irritated
to decide where extra effort would be needed
for the best outcomes because we understand
the frameworks which are widely applicable
to improve interpersonal relationships because
we understand what is happening here its similar
to understanding the relationship between
ah people in general the same context here
and so on and so forth ok
to here we are looking at psychological types
or orientations these psychological types
are predispositions or orientations the preferred
development is toward the orientation a particular
orientation thats given here however any person
would exhibit a spectrum of behaviors that
we all know what we find in reality is going
to be a mix of these concepts spectrum of
behaviors between the two extremes or type
orientation that is mentioned
in other words the person may expend the effort
to display a behavior of choice that is different
ok what naturally comes to the person is something
where as a person if he or she puts in the
effort can display another behavior altogether
or ah a different ah version or a different
shared of that behavior ok that is always
that always happens in reality for example
a person rarely exhibits a pure extroverted
or a pure introverted behavior these are terms
at a well known ah we will again look at it
ah ah exhibits a pure extroverted or a pure
introverted behavior under all situations
ah an introvert may expend the effort for
a particular purpose ah suppose a person wants
to interact better with his or her colleagues
and therefore goes to offers get togethers
and they are the person might make an effort
although it is not natural to be an extrovert
the introvert may make an effort to become
an extrovert or display extroverted behavior
ok
so this psychological type was ah developed
predominantly through work done by ah carl
jung ah carl gustav jung and catherine cook
briggs and isabel briggs myers mother and
daughter pair its called the myers briggs
briggs myers type indicator mbty mbti ah its
a popular indicator ok so remember the these
give the extremes ok these give the [thri/theoretical]
theoretical frameworks there are four such
things lets start looking at them one by one
the basic orientation to the world which indicated
the directions in which energies or interest
flow is the first category it could either
be an extrovert or an introvert as we all
know extroverts are people oriented good at
communication action oriented they work well
with people ok whereas an introvert prefers
ideas concepts and quite solitude not very
good at communication prefers to work alone
for inner clarity these are the they just
there there are no judgments that we making
here ok they just there
somebody did a mbti the myers briggs type
indicator study in nineteen eighty three mccaulley
et al and they found that thirty three percent
of engineering students are extroverts and
sixty seven percent are introverts so either
type the extrovert or the introvert and the
introvert they perceive the world and once
they are perceived the world they consciously
process information through either their senses
abbreviated as s or by intuition abbreviated
as n what do we mean by that they these s
people work with the input from the five senses
they prefers steady patient work with a step
by step approach and analysis through well
established methods and they want precision
ok whereas people or a person with an n ah
kind of an orientation he he or she works
through inspiration with imagination looks
at possibilities work is jumpy non routine
imprecise and creative and the same study
showed that fifty three percent of engineering
students are s type whereas forty seven percent
are n type
so they have introverted with the world they
have perceive the world and now they make
decisions about what they have perceived through
either thinking t or feeling f ok be little
care full here thinking is quite straightforward
logical impersonal analysis whereas feeling
is personal subjective values does not refer
to personal emotions ok this is not ah relate
it a emotions anger and so and so forth but
personal and subjective values the t type
are logical analytical and impartial in approach
they look for cause and effect relationships
whereas the f people work well with pe[ople]-
are the people and aim for harmony and they
have good interpersonal skills
and the ah same study showed that seventy
four percent of engineering students now surprise
there are of the t type and twenty six percent
are of the f type now they have perceived
they have they have made sense and they have
process the information and the orientation
toward the world as either is through either
one of the two modes judging j type or perception
p type j type are structured they prefer ordered
existence they attempt to control events the
p type collect more and more information as
they go along and adapt to situations as they
arise
ah the j type function in a planned orderly
fashion they like to be in control of events
the p type function in a flexible and spontaneous
fashion understand and adapt to events as
they unfold sixty one percent of engineering
students are of the j type and thirty nine
percent are of the p type in that study it
was a large study study including a simple
large number of students and this is what
they found ok
so we have these four different types extroverted
introverted sensing intuition ah they either
are the thinking or the feeling type they
process the information through thinking or
feeling and then they interact with the world
back again through a j or a p type judging
or perception ok so there are four variables
here each with two options and therefore there
are two power four sixteen psychological types
est j en tj and so on and so forth you could
have the various types and this is what the
ah myers briggs type indicator mbti gives
one actually why is this relevant here group
activities and cooperative learning in that
the e and i types approach very differently
when a group is not performing well for example
one would want to look at this aspect also
once you have an understanding you know that
this is going on so let us look at it this
way
the i type students when may need to be coun[seled]-
may need to be counseled on the need for group
work because they are not group work oriented
ah in the real world the need for group work
skills in the real world and that they need
to consciously develop these skills it is
not natural for them they need to develop
this this can be told to them once you understand
this is what is happening
another situation the s type students tend
to go [fra/from] from specific to general
the n type students are more comfortable with
comprehensive view to the specifics ok the
direction and which they process the information
is that way a judicious blend of the two approaches
while teaching a concept would satisfy a larger
fraction of the class its very likely that
you have a mix of these types in a classroom
so judicious blend you say one way once and
then when you repeat it we typically repeat
things especially the important concepts when
we repeat it you repeat it the other way round
such that the other other ah oriented type
gets it more easily than the first ah oriented
type and so on and so forth
in routine problems solving this is another
situation where you could use accuracy is
important we all know that students of the
n f types need to put in more conscious effort
to achieve this right you see how this can
be used this fundamental information can be
used for our own engineering education means
that is what i meant and so on and so forth
ok so i think thats what we had here ah to
very briefly summarize this part of with the
b part we look at the psychological type or
the orientation they were four different ah
categories and therefore there are two power
four sixteen types knowing the psychological
orientation would help us ah improve the learning
of a large number of students simultaneously
if it if you can devise such strategies some
specific instances of where it could come
in handy in an engineering classroom we saw
ok lets take this further when we meet again
next see you
