Korea boasts 40 royal tombs found across the
nation... tombs of kings and queens of many
generations of the Joseon Dynasty, which lasted
over 500 years from 1392.
They all remain intact and are uniquely historic
sites amongst royal tombs.
Their value is further enhanced by the fact
that all the tombs of kings and queens who
led the dynasty of an era have been preserved.
Our Hwang Hojun examines The Royal Tombs of
the Joseon Dynasty, Korea's UNESCO World Heritage.
The tombs of the kings and queens of the 500-year-long
Joseon Dynasty are not only landmarks of the
final resting places of Korea's royalty, but
also a source of inspiration and awe for the
entire world.
A special exhibition on the Royal Tombs of
the Joseon Dynasty has been going on since
June in the National Palace Museum, displaying
excavated artifacts, and even a genuine royal
coffin constructed during the Joseon regime.
The exhibition, which will end on the 27th
of this month, also serves to educate the
viewers how the tombs were formed through
the dynasty's renowned historical records
of the royal rites.
The construction of a royal tomb progressed
along with the state funeral of the royal
family member.
It usually took about five to seven months
from the death of the king or queen consort
to the actual burial.
During that time, the most propitious tomb
site would be meticulously selected according
to the pungsu-jiri, an ancient geographic
divination.
Then would come the grand funeral, with over
2000 palace personnel involved.
The coffin would be placed 3 meters below
the surface level, then covered by multiple
layers of earth, lime, and a mixture of sticky
soil.
Thanks to this intricate and careful process,
the royal tombs of the Joseon Dynasty have
remained virtually untouched.
There are 10 criteria that UNESCO uses to
assess whether a heritage candidate has outstanding
universal value.
To be included on the World Heritage List,
sites must meet at least one out of ten selection
criteria.
The royal tombs meet three of the criteria...
because of their distinctive tradition, their
outstanding architecture, and their 600 year-long
annual ancestral worship.
"It's unprecedented to have the tombs of an
entire dynasty practically untouched and preserved.
And it's also important to note that the ancestral
rites have been continuing for about six hundred
years."
In other words, it's the hardware and the
software that makes all forty sites worthy
enough to be recognized as a world heritage
by the UNESCO.
The special exhibition also gives visitors
a bird's-eye-view of the tomb and lets everyone
learn about the structure of the tombs without
physically being there through Virtual Reality.
Among the 40 royal tombs scattered over the
18 locations in South Korea is Seonjeongneung,
the tombs of King Seongjong and his wife Queen
Jeonghyeon, and King Jungjong, located in
Gangnam.
The visitors are first greeted by Hongsalmun,
a red gate with spikes, serving as the entrance
to the sacred ground.
It's from here, where the realms of the dead
and the living meet.
"The stone-covered path that leads up to the
shrine is known as the worship road.
The lower path is called Eodo, or the King's
Road, while the higher path is called Sindo,
or Spirit Road.
Incense represented the spirit of the dead,
so only the incense bearer could walk on the
Spirit Road.
That's why even today, visitors are only allowed
to walk on the King's Road."
On top of the hill is the burial mound, surrounded
by stone-carved tigers, sheep, and military
and civil officials guarding the tomb and
protecting the deceased from evil spirits.
All of these,... mostly how it was,.. half
a millennium ago.
"It's nice to see these cultural things have
been preserved by Koreans and also makes me
think that Koreans appreciate their cultural
history."
"For more than 500 years, the royal tombs
of the Joseon Dynasty have honored the memory
of Korea's ancestors.
Today, the burial mounds and surrounding landscape
offer a bit of serenity to those of us living
in the concrete jungle.
Reporting from Seonjeongneung.
Hwang Hojun, Arirang News."
