- Super, hi everybody.
Thanks for coming.
I'm Deepti, I lead a
partnerships team at Facebook
that's focused on supporting individuals
like the ones it is that you just met
to make sure that their
work can be sustainable
but not only sustainable
but they can really build a career path
and dedicate their lives
to doing what it is that
they're really passionate about.
And the reason why we're
investing so much in them
is because we believe that
this is kind of a new breed
of entrepreneurship it
is that we're seeing,
that we're calling
community entrepreneurship,
that are addressing social issues
and solving the problems it is
that affect us in our daily lives
but also doing this really hard work
of weaving our society back together
in this moment of deep
social fragmentation
and polarization.
Hold on, I had some
statistics, okay, cool.
Why does this matter to Facebook?
Is probably a question it is
that's on your guyses mind
and why are we investing so much.
We actually changed the mission
of our company two years ago
it used to be, to make the
world more open and connected
but in 2016, we changed it to,
give people the power to build community
and bring the world closer together.
And as a part of that, what we realize
is that there were individuals
like the ones it is
that you just met and you're
gonna meet a couple more later,
who are really at the
helm of using the platform
to build community and
we wanted to be able
to really support them.
Community is a word it is that I think
means something to all of us.
We each have our own
definition of community.
I hear the word community used a lot
at events like this, at Skoll.
Often, I think that we
use this word community
to talk about an aggregation of people.
At Facebook, as it
regards this work around
building community and
community entrepreneurship,
we've a very specific
definition of community
and the types of communities it is
that we're trying to build.
And that's the relationship
between one person
and a group of people which is
a give-and-take relationship.
Where the individual is
giving trust and investment
and in return, getting a
sense of safety, security,
safety, connection and belonging.
What community isn't to us
is just a group of people that you serve
because that dynamic
relationship isn't there
nor is it just like the people
it is that you live with
or that you may have an identity
kind of connection with,
it really is this dynamic relationship
that we're trying to
foster more of in society.
The phenomenon it is that we see
is people really going
from community management.
How many of you have an
organization that has somebody
who's a community manager in it
and like think about community management?
I see lots of hands going up, right?
We think about community management,
we think about kind of how we wanna serve
the stakeholders we care about the most
and we also think about how
we're gonna get feedback
from those individuals
to make sure that we're
designing from their perspective
and I think that design
theory has really helped us
take this human-centered design approach
to really make sure that we're
listening to their feedback
and I believe this is something
it is that we're all doing.
But what we believe we need to do
is actually move from community management
to community entrepreneurship.
The difference between these two pictures,
there's people, we're listening
to them, we're serving them
but it's the lines that
are connecting them.
So, the strength of the,
start on the left, is in
the relationships it is
that are being built between people,
between the people it
is that we're serving
not just kind of this like
more top-down approach.
And this is really the phenomenon
it is that we're seeing,
that our platform is providing
these community entrepreneurs
to really be able to build communities
that have this resilience,
that have this strength,
that are building this social capital
and this relational capital it
is that we're really losing.
I'll just take a break.
How many of you guys
are in a Facebook group?
Okay, so y'all know that it's,
usually, we find a lot of
value in these Facebook groups
and how many of you are
adminning a Facebook group?
Great, so then you guys
will also appreciate
how much time and effort it
really takes to make sure that
the group is thriving in a way
where the relationships are
really being built and how
Facebook groups as a product
really allows for that
relationship to be built between people,
not only between the leader
and the individuals it is
that are trying to be served.
And so for us, this is
really really important.
We're here at Skoll
where we're talking about
really big issues
like child health, agriculture,
education
and you'll meet some of
our community entrepreneurs
who are addressing those issues.
But what's really inspired us
is that they're not
only tackling the issue,
they're not only solving the problem,
they're not only serving people
but they're really addressing
this moment in time it is
that we are operating in
where our societies are
really breaking apart
and the social fabric of
the lives it is that we live
need to be rewoven together
and so that's why I was
looking for this piece of paper
to share some of these statistics.
40 years ago, 60% of people
said they trusted each other.
Today, only 19% of people
say they trust other people.
Today, loneliness is
doubled from 40 years ago.
In 1970, 30% of people
said they hung out with
their neighbors twice a week
and today, 8% of people
say that they hang out
with their neighbors at
any time and 33% of people
say they've never met their neighbors.
We're really living in a moment,
some of you may have read
Bob Putnam's work on Bowling
Alone where our social capital,
our relational capital is what's declining
and I think that too often,
we don't really address that
as a social issue that we
need to tackle head-on,
we focus on the things
that are more technical,
agriculture, water, education,
but we really believe
that we need to tackle this head-on
and that these community
entrepreneurs are at the helm
of really demonstrating a new path for us.
We want to really establish
this path for them.
We're here at Skoll celebrating
social entrepreneurship.
My career has been built
as a social entrepreneur.
I started at Acumen in 2005.
I helped start the Acumen
Fund Fellowship Program,
I ran it for the first three years
and then I started a
social enterprise myself
in education, business
in partnership with the
Skoll Awardee actually,
Vicky Colbert from Columbia.
And what I personally realized is that,
as I was running this social enterprise,
what attracted me to
Jacqueline and the Acumen Fund
was this idea that the market
was gonna be a listening tool,
that we were really gonna
listen to what people needed
and as we treated them as customers,
we were really gonna make
sure that we serve their needs
as opposed to what
traditional aid was doing
by dropping what it is that
we believed people needed.
But when I was that social
entrepreneur myself,
I found myself in a position
where I was actually
not listening to the parents, the children
and the teachers as much
as I wish I could have
and really listening
and trying to figure out
what the needs of my
investors were to satisfy them
so that I could stay sustainable.
That's when I was like,
I need to take a break
because this promise of listening
and Edgar Villanueva reminded us yesterday
that that's what we need to figure out
how to do better, is radically listen.
That was the question it
is that was affecting me
a few years ago and so, I went
back to the Kennedy School
and I met Marshall Ganz
who then introduced me
to that snowflake model it
is that I showed you before.
I studied community
organizing, I went to India,
I created a community organizing platform.
But what I realize, the
work it is that I was doing
was all offline so I'm not a technologist
but some of the community
organizers I was working with
were using Facebook and
using Facebook groups
to hold their communities together.
And that's really what
brought me to Facebook
is to really think about,
how do we do this at scale?
You're gonna meet some
community entrepreneurs
in a few minutes who are working with
almost two million people
in their community.
And that kind of scale
to be able to rebuild our social capital,
it's just such a unique
opportunity that Facebook can serve
but the challenge is is that,
these individuals aren't supported.
The world of social entrepreneurship,
the world of NGOs and social
change doesn't understand
what the work of these
community entrepreneurs are
and so, that's why we're here at Skoll.
We really wanna use this time
even with you guys really
as a conversation to learn
and figure out how we partner
and that's where my focus is,
is like building partnerships
with organizations
who can help us unlock these four buckets.
We know we need to move
more capital to them.
Facebook has invested $10
million through a program called
Facebook Community
Leadership Program in them.
But that's not enough, we need
to unlock the philanthropic
and venture environments
in order to fund these organizations.
We need help to be able to figure out
how we tell their story.
Being able to tell the story
of trust being rebuilt,
social capital being rebuilt,
is a hard story to tell.
It's not fitting in the Excel spreadsheets
and the M&E forms it is
that we usually ask for.
We need to invest in them
from a training perspective
and create jobs for people
who have these skills
and then finally, we need
a new cultural narrative.
So, we need public and
institutional organizations
to really help us share a message
of rebuilding our communities,
rebuilding our relationships
with one another.
I personally feel after a long career
in the social enterprise space that,
it's sometimes too easy
to focus on the technical,
what we can fix technically.
This is not something
that we're gonna be able
to fix technically and so,
we all need to work together to figure out
what this new language is
and how we're gonna do it.
Facebook has taken some early
steps in this direction.
We launched this program called
the Facebook Community Leadership Program,
where we identified 115,
we selected 115 individuals
from over 6,000 applications
from over 180 countries.
All of these individuals
are building community.
They're not running a non-profit,
they're not running a social enterprise,
they're using their
ordinariness as an individual
like the ordinariness of all of us,
their desire to want to
connect with other people
and using the connections
between people to solve problems.
We gave five of them a million dollars
and we gave 110 of them $50,000.
But I think more important
than the money has been,
them being able to meet each other.
Too often, these
individuals are often asked
what do you do?
And it's like, well, I run a community.
Well, what does that mean?
Well, I have a Facebook group.
Well, what do you really do?
And it's just not fair.
It's like some of these individuals
spending 60 hours a week
managing their group and saving people
from domestic violence cases
and they don't have a
professional identity
that they can necessarily
be proud of and so,
when they connect with one
another, they're reinforced
that the work it is that they do matters
and that other people understand
the work it is that they do
and they can find this
camaraderie in the same reason,
I think that's why Skoll was started
is that the social
entrepreneur felt lonely
and so we wanted to bring them together.
I really feel that these
community entrepreneurs
are going through the same evolution
that we went through 15
years ago as an industry.
And then finally, we take them through
a one year long training program.
So, they meet three times
and we're really evolving
what it is that we train them in
by listening to what it
is that they need the most
and so this isn't us
trying to superimpose like,
this is how we believe you
need to build community.
Frankly, these people know
how to build community
I think, better than anybody in this room.
So, we're trying to really learn from them
to figure out then, how
we scale and support them.
I'm really excited for you
guys to meet some of them live.
You guys wanna come down?
Yeah, and I hope you
guys, I'm sure you will be
equally as inspired as I've been, really.
My career's taken this huge shift
in really wanting to figure
out how we address these issues
around social capital,
how we can weave our society back together
but that's only been because
I've met all of you guys
and I've seen this phenomenon happen
at such incredible scale
through the work it is
that you guys do and so,
we're gonna use this panel
for me to ask them some questions,
for you to get a sense of
what their work is all about
and then, we'll open it up for discussion.
I will say that we know that we know,
we don't know what we don't know.
That this is new, I feel
like they are really
breaking new ground
and we need to leverage
the expertise of individuals in this room
to really figure out how we
support this new phenomenon
that's happening and these individuals
who really have this unique talent
and commitment to building community.
Lola, I'd love to start with you.
I've mentioned it a couple
times to the audience
but what really inspires
me about this work is,
how I see ordinary
people support each other
without necessarily
needing the intervention
of anybody from the outside.
Every time I get on the phone with you,
every time we have dinner,
you tell me another story
of that happening in your community.
Could you share that with the audience?
- Hello everyone, I'm Lola Omolola,
I live in Chicago, United
States and I run Female IN.
We started out as Female in
Nigeria and now, are Female IN
because we realized that our community
was getting much more
diverse really quickly
and we wanted every woman from
everywhere across the world
to feel like whenever she's here,
she can know that she's at home too.
So, we dropped the geographical location
and we're now Female IN
and we kept the acronym
because we like it.
So, FIN for short.
My community started as my
response to a tragic event
that happened in Nigeria when
armed men stormed a school
and kidnapped 276 girls.
You may have heard of the
Bring Back Our Girls campaign.
You see, I was raised in Nigeria
and from a very early age,
when you're a little girl,
usually around three years old,
whenever you show any
sign of self-awareness,
usually at that age, we're very curious
we start to express ourselves.
It's a new shiny thing, that we can talk
and we can hear our own
selves and we use it a lot.
So, essentially what happens here is that,
whenever girls expresses herself
or has an opinion to share,
there's usually someone next to her
that dissuades her from doing just that.
The way it works is, she would put,
usually a woman too by the way,
she would put two fingers together,
dig it into a really soft
part of your side and twist.
It's a pinch, you get a pinch
every time you say something
and it's usually followed by a shush.
I call them the pinches and shushes.
Essentially, we are trained,
well trained with pain
to shut up, to be silent.
How can we be human, how can we exist,
how can we take space if we are unable
to even be acknowledged as people?
That's what happen
when we're not expressing our experiences.
I wanted to change that
and that was why I started our community.
I felt like it's because of
the fact that that is missing,
is why events like what
happened with the girls,
almost 300 girls being
abducted from their schools,
I felt that it was because
of things like that
that that happened.
I think is this foundational issue.
So, silence has been a problem for us
and I wanted to change it,
is why I started our Facebook group,
to find women who were
like me, who were haunted
by the experiences that women were having
and weren't expressing themselves.
In the face of
misery and violence, we
were remaining silent.
Some of the expected
things that have happened
as a result of that is that,
look at me, a regular woman,
suddenly, I'm leading a movement.
We went from zero to 1.5
million in the past three years.
That is the strength of the individuals
who also want change like I do.
Some other unexpected things,
other than me being a
leader suddenly is that
women are coming out
of the woodwork to show
that they are willing
to support other women.
We are here sidestepping governments
that are not able to
step up for human beings
and we're doing what we need
to do to help and make a change
in our own lives just as a community.
I'm gonna give you a quick example.
There was a day, I think
it really hit home to me
what was going on here was not ordinary,
is that a woman shared on our group
that she was going through
such terrible domestic violence
that just a week earlier, her
husband dragged her 10 blocks
across the street, not a single person
said anything to support her.
No one spoke up,
no one.
This was her experience.
I saw this comment that she had made.
She in fact, hid it on another
thread that was unrelated.
I reached out to her
because that's what we do
and I said, is this you?
She said yeah, that's
what's happening to me
but nobody has ever listened,
I had no expectation of
anyone listening today.
And anyway, she was able
to put the story up there,
to share her story because
I had talked to her
about doing that and the
rest of the community
feverishly came to her aid.
Within minutes, she was offered donations
to get out of that situation.
It didn't end there.
She got two offers of a place to stay,
she got individuals who were
willing to go to her new place
and we have photos to prove,
to babysit her children,
she had three, so that she
could go look for a job
while she stayed in the apartments
that they had secured for her.
One of them by the way, had
allowed her to live there
for two years until she
was back on her feet.
This is how it's working
in our communities
and this story is not
unusual, this is not isolated.
This is a daily, just
daily show, daily display
of human beings standing
up to create change
and to essentially, rescue the world.
- Awesome Lola, thank
you for sharing that.
And really, like Lola saying that
this doesn't just happen
like, it's not a story,
it's not an anecdote, this
is a pattern and a trend
that happens in her
community day in and day out.
And it's really really
remarkable to see people
step up for each other in this way.
And also, I think that,
particularly when we talk about
community building happening online,
I think your story really
demonstrates the impact
that then happens offline,
babysitting in a new home
and a flight out of the
situation that she was in.
Alejandra and Vanessa, you
guys also really focus on
this connection between
the online and the offline
and also, just so everybody
knows, in this program it is
where we funded community
leaders, one of the qualifications
was that you had to be
building your community
offline as well and so,
we're not of the belief that
just by connecting people,
that that means that a
community is being built
but because we have this adherence
to this definition of community
around this give-and-take relationship,
we really believe that
does need to manifest
in real life too.
And so, I would love for you guys to share
how you see that intersection happen.
- Hi everyone.
My name is Alejandra and this
is my twin sister, Vanessa
and we are from Ecuador.
We started AWEIK, our community,
to inspire young people
to use their talents to give
back in sustainable ways.
As cliche as this may sound
in this room, when we were 19,
we went to India and worked
for social enterprises
and instantly fell in
love with the concept.
And we wanted to go back
and meet all the social
entrepreneurs in our country
and we went there and started
talking to young people
and were surprised that not many
knew about this way of doing business.
No one even saw this as a career path.
There was this negative stigma
about having a profitable business
and also making an impact.
Young people were facing,
they had to choose between making a living
or actually doing good, right?
So, we were like, no,
this cannot be happening
and we decided to start this community
of young social entrepreneurs
in Latin America
to find more people like us
and also to inspire others
to take this path as a career.
- And talking about this
constant offline-online impact,
since this event was once
a year, we really needed
to keep this constant
interaction throughout the year
and we saw many stories that these two
really had to work
together in order to make
the most sustainable impact.
One story that comes to mind
is the story about Wilson.
He's a social entrepreneur
from our community
and he wanted to rescue all the traditions
of the indigenous woman
in medicinal plants
by selling their products.
We feature him on an online
video and we posted it
and the video went viral.
A lot of people starting
to demand his products
even people from the U.S.
starting to ask for his products.
The only problem was that
he wasn't ready to meet that demand yet
so, that's when we really
realized that, okay,
it's not only about a showing them online
but also making the offline
work meet that demand
so he can take advantage of all of this.
So, it really comes this dynamic where
you cannot lose track of one or the other,
it's both that work together
that make the biggest impact.
- Yes and another important aspect
of the offline work that we do is that,
we created this conference
around social entrepreneurship.
And this event allowed us to connect
and engage with some
organizations and corporations
outside of our online community
and we really started to
articulate the ecosystem
for young entrepreneurs in our country.
And it was amazing to see
that we were not only changing
the mindset of young people
but also of CEOs from big corporations.
For example, after our event,
the CEO of a local bank came to us
and he was very inspired by this concept
and he told us that he
wanted to work with us.
So, what we did is reallocate the money
that he usually spent
on a marketing campaign
to provide seed funding
for social entrepreneurs in our city.
- And one last example
that comes to mind is that,
when we show Wilson's story, he was
from a farming community and
he wanted to empower his mom
that was an indigenous woman.
Another boy from like another
farmer village in Ecuador
saw his story online and he realized that
his story had power and
that his own story matter
and that he could do something
for his own community.
So, he approach us after
an event telling us that
he really wanted to do something
for potato farmers in Ecuador
and we kept online contact
with him for over a year
and at our last event in Medellin,
he approached to us, he was so empowered,
he traveled more than
48 hours to get there
with other five farmers
and he told us that
he had already started his business,
that he was inspired by Wilson's story.
So, we just keep seeing this
constant reaction of online
but it manifests really offline,
all the impact that we are seeing.
- Awesome, thank you for sharing that.
I think it demonstrates--
Both the relational capacity
of what it is that you're building
but also, a key thing it is that you learn
when you're learning and
studying community organizing,
is you meet people where they're at
and I think that that's
really what you're doing,
you're meeting young
people where they're at.
Htet, you also are working
on empowering young people
by meeting them where they are in Myanmar.
Can you help us understand
what it is that you do
and the impact that
you're seeing as a result?
- Thank you Deepti.
I will just start with the impact first.
- Okay.
- We have a girl named Sarah.
She just recently graduated and then,
she live in a quite a rural area.
As a traditional and as it is,
so she was arranged marriage
in the process of being arranged
marriage by her parents.
She can use Facebook twice
a day, morning and night
and then other than that, she
has to help with the chores
and she can only move if
her brother accompany her
to the places that she go.
So, that's the case.
And then one day, she
reach out to us and ask,
I really wanna go abroad and
study and travel the world
so, please get me the way.
We have this Facebook community
that we inform young people
what are the options and the
choices that they can take
and also, upscale Sarah to the point that
a person who only know,
minimally how to use Facebook
really minimally.
We train her to be a Facebook page manager
and being able to use Google too
and being able to use online, work online
just by being online.
This Sarah today now, she has a chance
to go study at a critical
thinking school in Yangon
which is quite rare in Myanmar.
And also, she has a chance to go travel
at least two or three country.
So, this is Sarah,
the impact that one of the
case that I wanted to show.
Our community is called
Myanmar Youth Employment Opportunities.
It sounds as it is.
We are created as a community
of leader and learner
to build an online-offline
integrated learning community
to empower Myanmar young people like Sarah
so they can catch up with
the rest of the world
and also compete in a
changing digital landscape.
As you all know, Myanmar
is in a transition period
to democratic process and
we just recently got digital
to internet, probably faster
than most of the countries
and with those changes even still,
our education system is quite
oppressed for the past decade.
There is a huge gap between
what the skills been offering
institutions in the country
and what the market of opening up
the modern capitalist economy need.
So, we're going in there as a community
to handhold the period of
the Myanmar young people
so they can jump this gap.
That's essentially what
our community does and
like the impact
but if you ask me where
the next generation is.
In Myanmar, the median age is 27 years old
so, when we talk about next generation,
it's not really like
the future or anything,
it's about now, like really now, today.
So, we really have to
empower these young people
and give them the choices
about what to survive
and upscale them, both online and offline.
Really, I wanna bring
on this one perspective
of offline community and
online integration is what is.
On the online community, we
build 80,000 young people,
it's on our community right
now actively across the country
including the conflict area
where the current war is going on.
And then, we have the offline community
across 45 universities
and we train 4,000 young people offline
and 2,500 alone in last three months.
This skill is and present
like, it's unusual in Myanmar
especially the bureaucratic systems,
anything changing like this cannot happen.
So, we could train these
4,000 through the community
that come on our online, get the resources
and go back into the offline
community and train them.
There are 500,000 young
people today that need,
about to become like Sarah
so we need more, yeah,
additional support and
tap the possibility.
- Yeah, thank you for sharing
this especially that last bit,
I think it really demonstrates
the power of scale
in community building.
She's able to reach so many people
because you're empowering people
who then reach out to other people.
What that has required is
a willingness to let go
and really trusting the people
to then take it to these
45 different universities.
And I find that too
often, we're not willing
to let go in that way but
what I think you guys do
is trust in this remarkable way
and that's why I believe that
they're really at the helm
of addressing this trust deficit
that we really live in today.
But you've also seen how
they're each addressing
a different social issue it is
that has probably been
a theme here at Skoll
whether it's women's issues or education,
helping people become entrepreneurs.
Dr. Boyede, you work on
child health really directly
which is a topic it is
that I know some of us
are thinking about here.
But coming from a family of
doctors, my mom's a doctor,
my dad's a doctor, my sister's a doctor,
my brother-in-law's a doctor,
I would say that it's not
necessarily very typical for a doctor
to look to a Facebook group to
be able to provide that care
and so I'm just curious why you chose that
and what your challenges are.
- Hi everyone, I'm Dr. Gbemisola Boyede,
I'm a pediatrician from Nigeria.
So, answer Deepti's
question, as a pediatrician,
I attend conferences every year
organized by pediatricians
for pediatricians
and one of the things we always discuss
is about the child mortality
statistics in Nigeria
which is one of the worst in the world
and we're always looking
at how can we reduce it.
We already know what to do,
we know 75% of what to do
to drastically reduce it
along with hCG 3.0 and all that
but every year, nothing
change, we come back
and we still repeat the same story.
And I realized that there is a gap.
We are the pediatricians
talking to each other
but the mothers who are
supposed to implement
this choice of over strategies,
nobody's talking to them.
So, I decided to create a platform
where I can ask the
mothers, know what to do
to prevent their children from dying
and what platform is
best used than Facebook
when majority are already on.
So, I started a Facebook group
called Ask the Pediatricians.
On Facebook, lots of mothers in Nigeria
are used to asking other people questions
and sometimes, people also
give them the wrong answer
so it's even worse and that's
why I created a platform
where mothers can actually
ask the professionals
so they are sure that when
they get answers here,
this is from a child health professional
and they can rely on them.
And one of the things we also
do is to break down myths
or beliefs that are actually
dangerous to child health
and those are the reason
why our children are dying.
We've been able to create a
community that grew quickly,
we have over 500,000 women and men as well
from our community and
they can ask questions
and through this platform,
we've been able to
correct our belief system.
So, mothers are proud to show for that
I'm exclusively breastfeeding my babies,
all the mistakes I made
with the previous children,
I don't make them anymore.
But a mother particularly,
for example, posted a picture of a child
that was so severely malnourished.
People were wondering, was this child
from a war-torn country and we
were able to reach out to her
but beyond what gave we
her as health information,
we also went offline to reach out
so that girl had tied into the hospital
and three months later,
that child as you know,
remarkably recovered and
this is like a typical story
that we said again.
That child would have become
one of those mortality statistics
if not for the intervention
we were able to do.
But we also realized
that there are mothers
who don't have access to smartphones,
who don't have access to social media,
who also need this particular
intervention and so,
beyond what we do online,
we also do offline.
We do community medical outreaches
so, communities that are quite indigent
that have very limited access
to healthcare professionals
or healthcare facilities,
we do that as well
and through that, we're also able to reach
thousands of indigent children.
Basically, that's what we do
on Ask a Pediatrician Foundation.
- Awesome, that's very awesome.
I'm gonna ask Noah one last question
and then what I would love to
do is open it up to all of you
to share some of the
challenges and where it is
that this community can
really potentially help us
and then turn it over to you guys.
But Noah, you have been
a really formative part of my last year
as we've been establishing
this new identity
of a community entrepreneur.
Noah is one of the FCLP residents
whom we have given a million
dollars to help his vision
of the African Farmers
Club really come alive.
I would love for you to share
what it's meant to you
to take on this identity
of a community entrepreneur
and what it's meant to get this large
piece of funding and the challenges it is
that have come with it.
- My name is Noah Nasiali Kadima,
a father of three, two
boys, twins and a small girl
and my background is in tech.
My background is in IT,
building tech solutions
for the intelligent systems
but this is my 13th year as a farmer
and my first year as a
farmer sitting on the table
and you might be wondering what I mean.
A lot of discussions have
been done about farmers.
Farmers have been told this is
the right fertilizer to use,
you need to use this type
of fertilizer for this soil.
They've been told basic things like,
this is the price of
tractors plowing your land,
it's already been set,
irrigation systems have been put there.
But last year was a different year
and as they say, this is my
first year sitting on the table.
Deepti, thank you for Facebook,
they put me on the table
to listen to me, to listen
to the African farmers,
what do we need?
And this is a
transformational change for me
as well as farmers in Africa because
we discuss about hunger
but we did not discuss
who is this person who is
supposed to help us curb hunger?
And as the second SDG
raises the issue of zero hunger,
what are we talking about if
we don't talk to the farmers?
One of the reasons why I
started the Africa Farmers Club
was my personal story.
I remember I was contracted to
plant cabbages for somebody.
Again, this was another story
of being told what to grow
and I planted six acres of cabbages.
It's a very interesting story because
I grew cabbages and I
remember they were very good
because one of, I think the
smallest was like nine kilos.
When it came to buy, the
person who had contracted me,
who had also been given
funding did not show up
so, I was stuck there
with 75,000 cabbages.
- And it wasn't a person,
it was an aid organization
that contracted you?
- Yes, yes, yes.
And those are 75,000 cabbages and I don't,
I don't even eat cabbages.
And I remember my wife asked me,
now we're going to make cabbage soup?
It really disturbed me and
as I was, at some point
because the cabbages were now rotting
because I didn't know
when to sell, how to sell,
even how to check how ready cabbages were.
As I was going back home, I asked myself,
probably I'm still
young, I can bounce back,
probably even look for a job
but what about this farmer
who, that is everything to
them, what happens to them?
Before I reached home, I
remember I asked myself,
should I start a group?
We started a WhatsApp group
initially but after that,
I realized this is more
than just a small community
and we started the Africa
Farmers Club, July 27th, 2017,
it's a date I'll never forget.
This group has transformed,
it has transformed
because it is no longer about Noah Nasiali
and today, me being here,
it's not talking about me,
myself and my experience,
it is talking about the
real African farmers,
what is the story that the world knows
about the real African farmer?
And it's a different world.
Yes, we are having challenges,
quite a number of challenges
but being given a platform
as great as Facebook
to be able to share our stories,
I remember when we started the group
to be able to know that this is a farmer,
I asked people who were
joining to take a selfie
on their farms and they did that
and then people kept on asking,
but what about those who
don't have smartphones?
I remember one person asked me,
what about the other farmers
who are not available?
And I said, we will get to that level.
But as we started the community,
we started getting very
interesting questions like,
can you guys organize and come
and train my farm workers?
Where can we come and learn this?
I have never studied agriculture and so,
that was an opportunity again to reach out
using the platform and the community
to experts in the industry,
experts who are listening to farmers,
who are trying to solve farmers' problems.
And we reached out to them, we
organized online discussions
and just getting back to
the question you've asked,
with the resources that are available,
now that I'm sitting on the table as well,
I'm able to, be able to
bring out these real issues
and talking to the
community, to the world.
What can you do, what
can we build for farmers?
Back home, there's a part of the country,
it's called Turkana, where
for the longest time,
we've always heard that
people are dying of hunger
and there's no food.
One of our community
members that are there,
just to give a short
background, our communities,
we have 128,000 farmers across Africa
but apart from just the online community,
we also have the online communities,
we're also building because
some of the farm workers
might not have a smartphone,
how can we reach out to them?
And so we're also building a
very strong offline community
with this, thank you to the
resources that now we have.
And now, back to the story about Turkana,
what happened is that, one of
the members of the community,
she told us, please come over
and just see what we're doing.
I remember me and my team,
we started asking ourselves,
what do we expect?
So, we said, it's quite a
distance, around 700 kilometers
and we cannot just drive
there with food aid
and we didn't want to do the same thing
because this is the same
story that has been done
for more than 30 years.
I'm not yet 40 so I don't know
how it can be 40 years.
What happened is, I
remember, she's called Lucia,
she asked us, could you just
come with seeds and fertilizer
and basic chemicals and some inputs,
even like hoes, jembes for the farms.
And we asked ourselves in
the office, is it real,
should we really carry this?
And we said fine, let's go and see.
When we reached there, it
was a different experience,
it was totally different.
The post that you're seeing there, it was,
I think less than a
kilometer from the airstrip,
there are some farms,
good established farms
but where the challenge is
that, the farmers in this area
have never been taught what to grow,
they've never been taught
why they need to grow.
One of the big organization has
been raising a lot of money,
close to two billion
Kenyan shillings every year
to be able to support
and bring out the hunger
in this region but this year was different
because once we went there,
then the announcement was meant to be done
about hunger in Turkana
has not been made yet,
I don't know if it's being made now but
we helped out these farmers,
we understood and started training them.
We showed them basic things like
how to plow their land, how to grow.
I remember, we saw even
cowpeas being planted
and there's pictures
that you're seeing there,
these are some of the things that,
these are like less than two weeks ago
and thank you to the
resources that now we have
through the Facebook
Community Leadership Program.
It is a powerful story, reason being,
these are people who have never seen
or known that they can plant
and grow their own food.
They are even now asking,
where do we sell this food?
Yeah, that's it.
- Really, for us coming here to Skoll,
it really is about learning
and that's our priority
in terms of really
figuring out how we take
this very grassroots, very
organic way of solving problems,
of connecting people to one another
and help institutionalize it,
help direct more capital
in this direction,
figure out how we can
help you sustain and scale
but still allow you back to
what Edgar reminded us yesterday
to have the power of deciding what it is
that's required for your community.
And so, I would love to
open it up to any of you,
maybe Lola, you can start and just,
in helping this audience understand
how we can best support you
and even what your reflections
and learnings of being at Skoll
for the last kind of
day and a half has been.
- Thank you.
In the past two days, I've
learned a lot of lessons
and it's been fantastic
listening to voices
that I've never really
had a lot of opportunities
to learn from, to hear.
However, there was something that was,
that just kept standing out.
In every conversation I've had,
in every panel that I've listened to
is that the themes seem so similar
to something I've heard
over and over and over again
and they don't seem to
even closely
connect with the
experience that I'm having
on ground in my community
on an almost moment-to-moment basis.
In order to help you
understand what I'm saying,
I need to paint a picture
of what the typical day
as someone who is leading a Facebook group
as large as ours looks like.
- [Deepti] Just to remind people,
you have 1.5 million members.
- Yes, I have a 1.5 million
members in our group.
We started out in 2015
and almost immediately,
even before I knew what
I was trying to do here,
what this was going to, I mean,
who plans for a million people in a space?
Nobody does.
My plan was to find women
who were as concerned
about the issues as I was,
who could help me build an
environment, the conditions
and the atmosphere where
women will feel comfortable
speaking up about our concerns.
My expectations were that,
these women were gonna come here
and like punditry, have
general discussions about
what happened.
I'm gonna give you an example
of one of the early posts
that I put on our group.
I combed the internet for
voices which represented
what I wanted us to talk about
and one of those earlier post
was of a woman who wanted
to go cut her hair.
I think I found it on Twitter.
She wanted to go cut her
hair and the barber said,
okay, so you wanna cut your hair,
does your husband know about this?
And she was like, what do you mean?
She said, well, you're gonna
need a note from your husband
to cut your hair.
This is the reality for
lots of our members,
this is not unusual.
Another experience that
I posted in our group
was of a woman who said, she
actually was just running from
a violent relationship and she
needed to rent her own place
with her three children.
And the landlord said, "I'm
sorry I can't rent to a woman,
"like where is your man?"
And she said, "I'm kind
of running away from him."
And she just plainly told her
that, if a woman living alone,
that would make you a prostitute.
I expected this, like I said,
general conversations to happen
because no one was talking about them.
The same thing that happened
with the case of the women
that were abducted, not
a single media house
said the name of a single
one of the girls, no one.
Even those who cared the most
didn't think they should
humanize the individuals,
they were just numbers,
276, hundreds of women.
We can do better
and that's exactly what
it really comes down to.
Could you ask the question again,
the second part of your question.
- I would love for this audience
to know what your challenges are but also,
you've even been really
thoughtful with me,
sharing some of your reflections
over the last couple of days
in terms of connecting
the conversation here
to this reality that you know of.
- Essentially, it's a back to back,
it's constant, we're always there
in order to build a no-judgment zone,
the conditions to get women
expressing their experiences
forthright and outright,
we needed to do the work
of staying up, getting up at sunup
and not going to sleep till sundown.
Essentially, I can't
dedicate a minute to it
or an hour to it or five hours to it,
I am running my community all
the time and I'm not alone.
I have 10 people who are assisting me
to moderate this community.
This only makes sense
because we have a very
self-policing culture.
Because how else?
I mean, just consider
that ratio, is impossible.
What I've noticed since
I've been here however,
is that a lot of people
that I've listened to
seem to be discussing things
that seem so theoretical.
It doesn't consider the
collective intelligence
of grassroots which is
what I do every single day,
is that I wake up to
600 messages in my inbox
of women saying, my child is sick
and having absolutely no
idea about what to do next.
Doctors, hospitals as far as the UK,
calling me to say, one of your
members is on suicide hold
and she doesn't wanna talk
to members of her family.
She asked us to call you and talk to you.
This is how we became a
lifeline for our members.
This is how we grow from
zero to 1.5 million members
even though we're a secret group
which cannot be found in search.
It's absolutely organic.
- Just to make that really clear,
if you guys tried on
your phone to find it,
you couldn't find it,
so 1.5 million women have
found it through word-of-mouth.
- Yes.
- Or being referred into the group.
- [Audience Member] To become a member,
you need to be presented by someone else?
- Yes, it's invite-only.
So, just imagine how
much value we must give
for each individual who
enters the community
to have to go back and add
every single woman she knows.
That is what is going
on on our Facebook group
and it's because of the
connections that we're making there
it's because of the real
transformational changes
that we're making in people's lives,
that we're now meeting in real, offline,
that we're now meeting around the world.
We've had events all over
the world from Italy to Ghana
to here in the United Kingdom.
3,000 members came together in a meet-up
in Lagos, Nigeria, 600 members in London.
These are the numbers all over the world.
We had so much going
on that we essentially,
had to put that on hold, we
had to put our events on hold
'cause they got too big,
this was the problem we had.
And so, just imagine the
thirst that we have generated.
We're bringing our events
back this year with a bang.
And guess what?
We have grown by a million members since.
So, the truth of the matter is,
there are lots of challenges
when we're faced with
communities like that
and those challenges don't seem to,
the narratives that we have now
don't take those realities
into consideration at all.
It doesn't take into
consideration the fact that,
I am a regular woman, a
mom of two little girls
and I'm doing this without getting paid.
It doesn't take into consideration at all
that this matters enough to me
and to other people who
are helping to build this
and these guys, that we
wanna die doing this.
Being able to make a--
Thank you.
But there is a lot that
is coming out of this.
We're sidestepping the bureaucracies
that are not prioritizing our needs.
But I want to hear those
conversations being had
with the people who have the ability
and the access to the
people who have the ability
to help us create this
change in a real way.
I'm gonna say great so the
main concerns that we have
or should I say, the biggest
worry points that we have.
Here I am, a regular
woman from modest means.
I wanna help and I know a
whole movement of people
who are behind me, who trust that I can.
We have proven that we can.
How do we do that?
First, we wanna be able
to reach individuals
who are unable to have
access to the internet
and cannot be on Facebook.
It's extremely expensive
to use the internet
for most of our members.
Yeah, we have members in
more than 99 countries
around the world but
there are still people
who we haven't yet been able
to reach, millions more people.
Being able to bring them together
in such an engaging community
can be transformational for the world.
Imagine what they could do.
Our members aren't just trying to take,
they wanna give.
I'll give you a quick anecdote.
A woman has come to our group and said,
I had a baby and I don't
have any money to buy,
I'm about to have a baby in two days
and I don't have any money to provide
the things that my baby
needs and within minutes,
there are people who are
not just offering her
a place for a baby to sleep,
they're going to her house,
to go welcome her at the hospital.
At scale, this would be magic.
And we wanna be able to
do that by number one,
bringing physical spaces to
societies, to the locations,
going to where women don't
need to have the internet
in order for them to be
able to get this assistance,
to get the tone and the
heart of our community,
bring it into their local
areas, where they can walk in,
be linked to services from
mental illness services
to whatever services, to
be able to have access
to parenting information in a real way,
to be able to have access
to maternal health care
in a real way.
We are ready to listen and learn
from structures that already
exist and what you're doing
but we need you to be
able to listen and learn
from what we're trying to
do here and we have scale,
we have the platform to help
you move an army of people
to do anything you want
within a short period of time.
Within five minutes of my
group, when you make a post,
five minutes, I can guarantee
you, 40,000 reactions
from your primary target audience.
- Awesome Lola, thank you.
- Thank you.
- I really wanna make sure
we have time for dialogue,
and I think we have to end at one
so, I would love to open this up to Q&A
unless any of you have
like a burning challenge
that you really need
to get off your chest.
- I just have one quick note.
I run a community for
education as I mentioned
and there are challenges that I face
when I was talking about technology.
In my country, technology,
it's traditional,
you consider that you have to have an app
to consider education tech company.
No one download app,
people don't even have app
store in the phone anymore.
So, we have to redefine
what education tech
could potentially be.
Is technology proximity,
is it the new tech?
So, that's yeah, it's my like
burning challenge that I face
every time I go talk to people.
- Yeah and I think even related
to that, what I often hear,
there's like the tech
when you're making an app
that people are beginning
to understand what that is
but there's the tech when
you're just using social media
to be able to be the tool to serve people
and that is something it is
that I feel is that there's even
much less understanding about.
Did you wanna say something Noah
and then I'll turn it around?
- I think for me,
as I started, I mentioned
that I'm a father of twins
one day, my son asked me,
"Daddy, why are you forcing
us to eat this food?
"We don't want this."
And I looked at him and I wondered,
if I told my mom that at that age,
it would've been a different story .
And I thought about it
but this reality hit me
when I got the award and I asked myself,
what am I going to do?
I waited for some proposal from Facebook
in that like, you need to do this.
But that was so different
because, I was told,
think about what you want
to do, you are the expert,
let us know what you want
to do, we can help you.
And why this is important is because,
it gave me and my team the free will,
because we have been
building this community.
So, my humble appeal to
the community out there is,
as Lola has said and she
has said it very well,
is we have the community,
we have the people.
In my world and this industry,
we have the farmers who
know what they want.
Please listen to us, as
you build these systems,
there's a lot of agritech, even right now,
there's an agritech
conference going on in Kenya
but I am very sure there are no farmers
that have been invited to sit there.
So, listen to us, we are already there.
If my child can say, "Daddy, I
don't want to eat this food,"
probably something else,
what about us farmers?
If you're building irrigation systems,
what works well for us?
- Thank you.
- And one last thing I wanted to share
and it echos everyone's thoughts is that,
we are young people and
sometimes we have all the energy,
passion, we want to change the world,
we want to build new things but of course,
we lack the wisdom and experience
that only time can give you.
So, I guess my humble ask is,
please share your
knowledge with us and also,
let's make it a two-way conversation
so we can give you our insights
what our generation wants,
how do we work, how do we see the world
and how can we work with your structure
and your way of scaling things
to really push this forward.
So, I guess it's about like listening
and just sharing with us as well.
- Thank you.
I think that's a great
segue to opening it up to
any and all of you to ask any questions.
- My question is a theory,
actually I'm, my name's, oh.
My name's Chloe, I actually
used to live in Myanmar
for about four years.
I worked for the British
Chamber of Commerce so,
I was more in the kind
of private sector side
and one of the common, one of
the key challenges in Myanmar
is access to human capital
and finding young people
and training them in such a way that
there's a sustainability
in terms of skill set.
So, my question to you is,
how important do you see the
private sector playing a role
in facilitating that
because what we found is,
not a lot of Myanmar
organizations have the capacity
to develop internships
or even understood what
the value of an intern
would be in their offices,
neither did the international
larger organizations?
They did have some
capacity to develop that
but I think that learning
hasn't quite filtered
down in the system so,
what's your thoughts on
the private sector side
but also the government in promoting that?
- Thank you for the questions.
In Myanmar, as she mentions,
it's quite a difficulty
what we're to try to change is,
we're trying to change the systems.
First, we have a phase
one, inform and inspiring
through a Facebook online
community and also teaching.
Now, we're at rescaling people.
And then there is a third phase called
Connecting Opportunities.
That's the phase that
we're working on next year
and now we're already started.
We've identified that,
when you go talk to company now,
the employee don't know
how to send emails.
The CEO has to sit down and teach,
this is how you send emails.
They don't know how to do file sharing.
This is a reality that we're facing
in our human capital in Myanmar.
So, we're trying to
train these young people
to the point that, it's
almost unknown in speed
so, we're trying to educate the,
like we have Facebook Community
money and then we use that
and create a program called ki-te.
In English it's called modern.
So, we're trying to
create a modern workforce
and try to bring this
dialogue of companies
and government sector
together in one place.
We're trying to train these young people
and placements in a tech
company, like e-commerce
and also we're in the
process of discussions
of placing these young people
into a regional
governments and parliament.
If it happens, it's
gonna be the first time.
But there are discussions
going on since last year,
it's just that the dynamic of
the need of human capital
and the action that they
really have to take,
they cannot just sit down in the table
and make the miracle happen.
So, there are changes
going on in the systems
and we're trying to push it, yeah.
- Thank you.
Anybody else?
- Incredibly inspiring, thanks so much.
I wondered if the panel could talk about
how you handle sort of maybe
the darker side of groups.
I've moderated some groups myself and
the misogyny that you're talking about,
that your group is protecting
women from and the violence,
sometimes that can also
come up in our groups
even when they're private and so,
we've talked a lot about
the benefits of Facebook
and I'm sure you're very well aware
there's also a lot of
attention on the company
about some of the way it's fueling
the darker side of society so, I'd love to
gather the wisdom from the
panel of how they manage that.
- I think I can try that.
Our community has been
basically for farmers
and it is very interesting that
sometimes you get situations
that you don't even know what to do.
I remember there's a member
of the committee posted that,
she just said, this is the
end, I cannot take it anymore.
Interestingly, some of these
posts are not seen as fast.
But when I saw this post,
I tried to reach out to her
and I could not get her.
So, I reached out to someone
else who had replied and said,
where are you, I'm coming to your house?
And so, I followed with the
person who had mentioned
that she's going to that person's house
and very interestingly, it was, I think,
the longest three hours of my life
because I was waiting for this lady,
the member of our community
to reach to this other person's house
and she was stuck in the house screaming
and she wanted to take her life
and I did not know what to do.
I have never reached that
and I thought probably,
I'll only be solving farmers
and farmers' problems.
I didn't realize farmers problems
are more than just the farm.
What happened is that, we
had to take down that post
because now, everybody
was asking questions,
all the bad things were now
also being put out there.
We managed to convince her that
I could talk to her on phone
and she tried to explain,
she explained to me
what the problem was, I was quite far
so, I sent one of the moderators
as well to just reach out
and go there physically.
What I'm trying to say is that,
there's a lot of negative
that will be out there,
a lot of negative, even
when you pick a newspaper.
Bad sells, bad news sells faster
but it is up to us as we are
working with communities,
what can we turn, how
can we bring out the best
out of what is already out there because,
it is already out there but
people are looking for hope.
People are looking for
a shoulder to lean on.
You'll not just lean on
anybody you meet in the streets
but as we are building these communities,
there's a lot that is going on.
I also sit in as the CLC
lead as well.
- CLC is a program that Facebook runs
called Community Leader Circles
where we help facilitate community leaders
to be able to meet locally
to support each other.
- Yes, so, I sit at Nairobi.
We see quite a number of
negative posts coming out there
but sometimes I ask myself,
when you see a bank robbery,
what do you see?
Do you see the vehicle
that these bank robbers
drove to that particular bank to steal
or do you see the robbery itself?
It is important for us to
also see the difference.
Because if the,
there's a vehicle called Noah
so, I'll just use my name.
If the robbers use Noah to go and steal,
will you stop buying Noah because of that?
So, it is just to be
able to see what positive
can we bring out from these communities
that are already there?
Because already, negative out there.
Do we still sit and dwell on the negative
or what can we refine?
- Go ahead.
- There's negative.
The way we are battling
negativity in our community
is by building it into the fabric
of our community culture, that negativity,
that we have a zero
tolerance for negativity.
Think about it, the
mission is to end silence
and we have created a no-judgment zone.
There's no way, if people are negative
or if there is, just the
atmosphere isn't right
for us to connect and be compassionate,
then, our entire community doesn't work.
So, it is the first
thing that needs to go.
We've battled that with lots of tools
that Facebook has actually built
to make that workable for us
and we've also battled that with rules.
In my community for instance,
because it's a place where
we put our hearts on display
on a daily basis, where we defy a culture
that does not prioritize us and so,
the first rule is, do not judge.
And we've taken the extra
step to help people understand
what that even means and
what that even looks like.
The second is do not share.
So, respect is important in that space.
You sharing the story of
someone in a private space
to another space is not
because we're afraid,
you don't tell your
story to a million people
because you're afraid but
because you don't have a right
to rob that individual of their voice.
They get to decide who
to tell their story to
and that is the reason
why that, do not share
is another rule that is important to us;
we only have five.
The third is, we respect your
faith, your personal faith,
but in this space,
where we have women
from all over the world,
you cannot lead with your faith,
you have to lead with your
heart and logical thoughts
because we can all relate with that.
The fourth is no unsolicited advice.
So essentially, just because
it pops into your head
does not mean it needs to
exit out of your mouth.
It is the premier
responsibility of every one of us
to have self-control and
to bring it to that space.
It is a privilege to be in FIN.
It is a privilege to
hear stories from women
from all over the world.
These are stories, many of
them, I've never told anyone.
A woman shared that, for 40 years,
she had kept it to herself that,
her father had been sexually
assaulting her for 16 years.
This is something that
could easily go viral
because it is information that
you cannot find anywhere else
but the reason it's not
going viral is respect.
So, I think it really comes
down to us, the leaders,
being able to define what our mission is,
being able to refine that message
and being able to
succinctly and consistently
communicate exactly what that mission is
to the individuals who
are in our community
and to the people who are
outside of our community.
I think we have a responsibility
to protect our people.
- I think that's exactly right Lola
and what I hope you
guys take away from this
is exactly what you ended
with, which is that,
building a community
is not pushing a few buttons on your phone
and starting a Facebook group.
That it really is an act of
courageous and moral leadership
and that's what these individuals
are really demonstrating
is the responsibility to use your language
that you're taking of the
thousands of people it is,
millions of people that
may be following you.
It's not push push push, it's not just
clicktivism, whatever that word is.
It really is leadership, it's judgment,
it's defining the norms and
the rules of your group and so,
these leaders are often
approached by a number of NGOs
or brands to say, hey,
can we distribute through you.
And what I know all of you have done
is said no more than you've said yes
because the values and the
norms of your community
aren't gonna be respected.
And I think that's why this
work is harder than it seems
and needs the support
of larger institutions
to be able to see it through
and ensure it's sustainable.
- [Lola] In our community, we have said no
every single time.
- Yeah, you've never said yes, Lola.
- Yeah.
The reason why, is not
because we don't understand,
I know the value of being able
to feed myself and my family
and I know the value of
being able to give more
to our community but I think
that we have to hold out
for real help, we have to hold
out to do something massive
that is transformational.
If I am all passionate about making sure
I'm able to do the
things that I need to do,
what about the millions of people
we can make a difference for?
I think that that is more important
than me being able to do that.
- One last question,
I know we're coming
close to the end of time.
Yeah.
- Hi, thank you so much
for the incredible,
the way you articulate your leadership.
Thanks for bringing
community organizing to 2.0.
We've been doing it as
communities through history
so, it's incredible to
see that human capacity.
My question's to Facebook.
In the UK, the west has concerns
around access to
information to communities,
in asylum applications,
governments having access.
So, what is as your responsibility,
all community leaders,
what is Facebook doing
to support that or how do
you support these spaces
for truth and safety
to support these incredible leaders?
- I think you're exactly right,
I think we have a lot of responsibility.
One part of my work is to really establish
this new discipline of
community entrepreneurship.
Another part of my work
is to really understand
how bad actors take
advantage of the platform.
And so, what we're doing
is, actually sitting down,
three weeks ago I was in
Beirut in the Middle East
so, a different context
than the one that you raised
with human rights
activists and civil society
really trying to understand
first, more deeply
in the same way, the approach
it is that we've taken
with supporting these
community entrepreneurs
is by first listing to them,
really understanding
what the challenges are,
what their needs are and then
building from that perspective
whether it's the products or
the tools or the programs.
And similarly, we're sitting down
with human rights
activists and civil society
all over the world but three weeks ago,
I was in Beirut meeting
with human rights activists
from about 17 different countries
to really help us understand
what the challenges really are
and then, what we can do
to prevent those bad
actors from operating.
But yeah, I totally agree, we
have a large responsibility
and we're really beginning
to take some steps on it.
I'm getting a marker.
Thank you guys very much
for being part of this
and yes, please feel free to be in touch
as you think about ways it
is that we can work together.
