What is perfection?
How we can reach perfection.
In Greek mythology, 
Icarus tried to reach
the sun using 
the waxed wings,
In the Bible, Babylon tied to reach the sky
by building a tower 
using their new invention
bricks.
However, both attempts failed in the end.
Icarus' waxed wings melted away 
as it got closer to the sun.
and God punishes people 
and scatters them
as a tower of Babylon approaches the sky.
I am going to talk about the movie
Black Swan by Darren Aronofsky,
which was the opening film of
the Venice Film Festival.
The basic story of the black swan is that
the protagonist Nina trying for
audition for "black swan" role in Sawn lake,
and as she plays the role in the black swan,
she starts changing and 
develops her identity.
I have seen many interpretations about
the movie in terms of her puberty
or trying to connect the concept
with Method acting.
However, I want to talk about
the perfection itself.
The movie capture
the pure concept of perfection
and discuss how we can reach them.
In this video, I want to address that
director's idea of perfection and
how he proposes to reach perfection,
 
Let me conclude with my personal thoughts.
The first question is 
what is perfection?
The answer to the first question
 is given when
Nina didn't get her part 
as a black swan, and
she approaches director Thomas
she expresses that 
she wants to be perfect
Rather, We need to abandon the rules
and forms that kept us in custody.
When we can break these rules 
and expectation,
we can finally become free 
and reach the perfection
This definition seems simple
but it is hard to understand.
So The movie is kindly further explain
through the new ballerina Lily
Thomas sees Lily and says to Nina
So what is Nina controlling?
we can see Mom's expectation,
the cake she wants to eat,
the sexual desire
Nina controls herself to be perfect,
through bloody practices.
But ironically, Nina, through 
the Spontaneous Lily,
she begins to learn how to get out of control.
Lily helps Nina to truly free herself.
such as drug and sexual desires,
The one she considered as taboo
And Nina became awaken
Because of this awakening,
Nina starts the face her reality and panic
Nina starts fighting with her mother,
who she was afraid of,
and get rid of all the dolls
that represents the puppet of other's expectations.
So, did Nina reach the perfection yet?
the answer is no,
In the movie, Nina pursues 
the perfect black swan.
But Nina couldn't be more than a white swan.
She was able to escape from 
the controls and expectations,
but even during her performance,
she was neither a white swan nor a black swan.
Because there was one thing
she hasn't get rid of.
Herself
Because of that.
she made mistakes
during the performance.
and came into the waiting room,
and she faced Lily who is 
dressed in black swan
 
Lily said she'd play
the Black swan for her.
Nina cannot accept and
threw Lily into the mirror,
The mirror breaks and she kills her.
But Nina realized that
she didn't kill Lily,
but her own body
which is the last limitation
to reach the perfection.
The role of the mirror in the movie is clear
Mirrors projects her identity.
We can see how she changes,
and the limitation expectation of her changes
Finally, by crushing the mirror,
she killed her own ego, as the last step.
Nina finally getting what she wanted.
perfect black swan.
After killing herself,
Nina finally reach the perfection
She will continue the performance.
In conclusion, the movie
trying to define perfection as
coming out of the system.
such as social perspective,
Control from the people around you, and
her own body and herself.
and by killing herself,
she reaches the perfection.
Here is My personal favorite 
scene in the movie
this reminds me Icarus in the greek mythology
and she reaches the perfection
The title of this movie is Black Swan,
because we believe that
black swan does not exist.
 
Black Swan represents a metaphor
that describes an event that comes as a surprise,
Trump becoming president was
a good example of the black swan.
In the movie, the black swan represents perfection.
Which we can assume that
Maybe the director believes or
he is teasing the situation
that reaching the perfection is almost impossible.
In the movie, we can find that 
Nina's role model
Beth also tried to reach the perfection.
and failed
Right before the Beth scene, Nina is looking
at Icarus status and Beth appears.
This makes me think that
Beth also tried and failed,
and the destiny of her death
When I finished watching the movie,
I couldn't stop thinking about the
a German philosopher Nietzsche,
Nietzsche also tried to define
transcendence of human,
which can imply perfection in the movie.
He tried to explain the sprits of human
as several stages to become superhuman
called Übermensch
It is like caterpillar become a butterfly,
we are like a caterpillar.
He defines three states
From the Thus Spoke Zarathustra
camels crossing the desert carrying
heavy loads with patience,
the lion who wins freedom and
is the owner of the desert.
And the forgetful baby that creates value.
Nietzsche talks about camels such as
What is heavy?
Thus asks the carrying spirit.
It kneels down like a camel
and wants to be well loaded
At the beginning of the movie,
the director shows Nina 
follows the order of her mom.
 
She is like a puppet and doll,
patiently practicing ballet over and over again,
It shows Nina is a camel obeying and
patiently walk in the desert.
Then Nietzsche says.
But in the loneliest desert
the second metamorphosis occurs.
Here the spirit becomes lion,
it wants to hunt down its freedom
and be master in its own desert.
The lion here, for its own value,
rebel toward the system.
On the contrary, the desert is trying
to maintain existing ideas and values.
The owner of the desert such as mother
in the movie try to regulate Nina.
Nina fight with her wins the freedom
and she becomes a lion and
become a true owner of the desert
And she prepares for the next step.
The child is innocence and forgetting,
a new beginning, a game, a wheel
rolling out of itself, a first movement,
a sacred yes-saying.
the child represents in the movie as
transcendence perfection, superman, or Übermensch
unfortunately, I don't understand 
transcendence yet.
But in the movie, Nina approached that stage,
I'm sure she tasted the perfection
In the movie, Nina was killed
by herself to reach the perfection.
and I think it was the most beautiful ending.
Thanks for watching.
