
Serbian: 
 
Pre 1990.,  nismo imali predstavu kakav je Sunčev sistem u poređenju sa ostatkom galaksuje.
Nikada ranije nismo pronašli planete oko udaljenjih zvezda, pa po našem mišljenju,
naš solarni sistem je bio poseban.
Ali 1992., radio-astronomi su objavili svoje otkriće prve dve egzoplanete,
i ubrzo nakon toga, brana se otvorila.
U predstojećim godinama, moćni teleskopi su otkrili više od 3500 egzoplaneta u galaksiji,
i istraživanja sada pokazuju da skoro svaka zvezda ima bar jednu planetu.
Pa prema tome, naš Sunčev sistem je samo još jedno lice u masi,
ali ipak pomalo uvrnuto.
Zato što od hiljada drugih sistema, nijedan ne liči mnogo na naš.
Ipak smo posebni.
Pitanje je - zašto?
Naučnici su još od 1755. razumeli osnove toga kako je Sunčev sistem formiran,

English: 
[ ♪ Intro ]
Before the 1990s, we had no idea how the solar
system compared to the rest of the galaxy.
We’d never found a planet around a foreign
star, so for all we knew,
our solar system was special.
But in 1992, radio astronomers published their
discovery of the first two exoplanets,
and soon after that, the floodgates opened.
In the years since, powerful telescopes have
revealed more than 3500 exoplanets in the galaxy,
and research now suggests that nearly
every star has at least one planet.
So in that respect, our solar system is just
another face in the crowd,
but we’re still kind of a weird one.
Because out of thousands of other systems,
none look quite like ours.
We could be special after all.
The question is why.
Scientists have had a basic understanding
of how the solar system formed since at least 1755,

Serbian: 
kada je filozof Imanuel Kant predložio Nebularnu hipotezu.
Oslanjao se na radove drugih naučnika svog vremena,
i teoretisao da su Sunce i planete nastale od oblaka
koji se urušio usled sopstvene gravitacije, formirajući disk.
Zatim, da skratimo priču dugu 4,6 milijardi godina,
taj disk je postao ravan u kojoj sve planete orbitiraju danas.
Ta osnovna ideja se zadržala toliko dugo zato što je veoma pogodna za širi opis Sunčevog sistema,
i udaljenih solarnih sistema, takođe.
Ona nam govori zašto se obično planete nalaze na istom disku i orbitiraju u istom smeru.
Takođe objašnjava zašto ponekad vidimo diskove oko novonastalih zvezda.
Ali ne objašnjava sve.
Uzmimo na primer Mars.
Malecki je.
Ima samo oko jednu desetinu Zemljine mase, što ne bi trebalo da bude slučaj.
Nebularni model nam govori da, u vreme formiranja Marsa,
trebalo bi da je postojalo dovoljno materijala u tom delu diska da Mars postane mnogo veći.
I mnoge simulacije pokazuju da bi trebalo da ima masu mnogo bližu Zemljinoj.

English: 
when the philosopher Immanuel Kant proposed
the nebular hypothesis.
He leaned on the work of other scientists
of his day,
and hypothesized that the Sun and planets evolved out of a cloud
that collapsed
under its own gravity to form a disk.
Then, to make a 4.6-billion-year-long story
short,
that disk became the plane 
where all of the planets orbit today.
That basic idea has stuck around so long because
it’s really good at broadly describing the solar system,
and extrasolar systems, too.
It tells us why planets generally sit in the
same disk and orbit in the same direction.
It also explains why we sometimes see disks
around newly formed stars.
But it doesn’t explain everything.
Take Mars.
It’s puny.
It has only about one-tenth the mass of Earth,
but that shouldn't be the case.
The nebular model tells us that, back when
Mars was forming,
there should have been enough material in Mars’s part of the disk for it to grow much larger.
And most simulations suggest that it should
be closer to Earth’s mass.

English: 
So something doesn’t add up.
And Mars isn’t the only outlier.
The solar system’s planets are wildly different
in size, ranging from little Mercury to giant Jupiter,
but exoplanets don’t usually vary
much in size within one system.
Scientists sometimes describe them as “peas
in a pod,”
because their sizing 
and spacing are so even.
So all the variation we have here is not normal.
And not only do we have these
 uncommon features,
but we’re also missing some of the most common ones, like super-Earths.
These are planets more massive than ours,
but less massive than something like Neptune.
More than half of Sun-like stars seem to have
one, but there’s nothing like that here.
So our solar system has left us with a lot
of mysteries.
Fortunately, we’re starting to get to the
bottom of them with the help of computer simulations.
As far as we can tell, a lot of our weirdness
is probably Jupiter’s fault.
Thanks, Jupiter!

Serbian: 
Prema tome, nešto ne štima.
A Mars nije jedini čudak.
Planete našeg solarnog sistema drastično variraju u velični, od malenog Merkura, do džinovskog Jupitera,
ali egzoplanete obično ne variraju mnogo u veličini unutar jednog sistema.
Naučnici ih nekada opisuju kao "grašak u mahuni",
zato što su njihove veličine i udaljenosti toliko ravnomerne.
Tako da, sve varijacije koje ovde imamo, nisu normalne.
I ne samo da imamo ove neobične karakteristike,
takođe nam nedostaju neke od najuobičajnijih, kao što su super-Zemlje.
To su planete koje su mnogo masivnije od naših, ali manje od nekih kao što je Neptun.
Izgleda da više od polovine zvezda sličnih Suncu imaju bar jednu, ali ništa slično ne postoji ovde.
Dakle, naš solarni sistem nam ostavlja mnogo misterija.
Srećom, počinjemo da ih razotkrivamo uz pomoć kompjuterskih simulacija.
Koliko se nama čini, za većinu naše naše neobičnosti, krivac je verovatno Jupiter.
Hvala, Jupiteru!

Serbian: 
Aha, ako ste mislili da je Jupiter veličanstveni, kovitlavi svet čuda, pa, da, jeste.
Ali je takođe ogromna bitanga.
Na osnovu dokaza iz meteorita,
naučnici veruju da je Jupiter nastao prilikom ranog formiranja Sunčevog sistema,
i da je možda dosta lutao okolo pre nego što se smestio tamo gde se danas nalazi.
Tim naučnika je 2011. predložio hipotezu o ovome, nazvanu Model velikog letenja.
Još uvek se raspravlja o tome, ali baziran je na simulaciji koja pokazuje
da je kovitlajući gas oko mladog Sunca pokupio Jupiter i uvukao ga ka unutra.
Stigao je do otprilike današnje Marsove orbite, pre nego što ga je novonastali Saturn smirio.
Dok je Jupiter visio tamo, njegova gravitacija je verovatno pokrala dosta materijala od koje bi Mars bio formiran.
Naposletku, kada se gas povukao iz diska, oslobodio je dve džinovske planete,
i one su postale slobodne da odlutaju nazad prema spojašnjem Sunčevom sistemu.
Neki astronomi takođe veruju da, kako su on i Saturn razbacali materijal u disku,
uticali su i na druge planete, takođe.
Što može objasniti širok spektar veličina.

English: 
Yeah, if you thought Jupiter was a majestic,
swirly wonderland, well, yes, it is.
But it’s also a huge troublemaker.
Based on evidence from meteorites,
scientists believe that Jupiter was born early in the formation of the solar system,
and that it may have roamed around a lot 
before settling in where it is today.
In 2011, a team of scientists proposed a hypothesis
about this called the grand tack model.
There’s still some debate about it, but
it’s based on simulations that suggest
swirling gas around our young Sun swept up Jupiter
and whisked it inward.
It got to around where Mars orbits today before
a newborn Saturn reined it in.
While Jupiter hung out there, its gravity likely robbed a lot of the material that would have formed Mars.
Eventually, when the gas cleared out from
the disk, it released its hold on the two giant planets,
and they were free to wander
back toward the outer solar system.
Some astronomers also believe that, as it
and Saturn threw around the material in the disk,
they interfered with 
other planets as well.
Which could explain the wide range of sizes.

English: 
Jupiter might even be to blame for destroying
any super-Earths.
According to scientists building on the grand
tack model,
Jupiter might have thrown off the orbits of would-be super-Earths
and the material that 
would have formed part of them.
If that’s true, it could have created debris
that slowed the whole mess down
and sent it spiraling into the Sun.
We’ll probably never know for sure if that’s
what really happened,
but what is pretty clear is that the planets didn’t just neatly form in one place and stay there.
For some reason, our solar system seems to
have had much more drama than others.
But wait, there’s more.
If all that sounds violent, the objects past
Neptune may have had an even wilder shakeup.
Out there, objects have bizarre, irregular
orbits,
and generally aren’t in 
the same plane as the planets.
But, if we trust the nebular model, and believe
they evolved out of the same disk as Earth,
something must have happened to make them
that way.
Some researchers think they could have been
stirred up by a passing star.

Serbian: 
Jupiter možda možemo optužiti za uništenje mogućih super-Zemalja.
Prema mišljenju naučnika koji rade na Modelu velikog letenja,
Jupiter je možda razbacao orbite super-Zemalja koje bi inače nastale,
i materijal od kojih bi one bile formirane.
Ako je istina, to bi stvorilo krhotine koje bi usporile sav taj haos
i lansiralo ih prema Suncu.
Verovatno nikada nećemo znati sa sigurnošću da li se to zaista desilo,
ali ono što je prilično jasno je da planete nisu tek tako nastale na jednom mestu i ostale tu.
Iz nekog razloga, izgleda da je naš solarni sistem prošao kroz mnogo više drame u odnosu na druge.
Ali, čekajte, ima još.
Ako je sve to zvučalo nasilno, objekti iza Neptuna su možda imali još luđu frku.
Tamo, objekti imaju bizarne, neobične orbite,
i uglavnom nisu u istoj ravni kao planete.
Ali ako verujemo Nebularnom modelu, i verujemo da su nastali iz istog diska kao i Zemlja,
nešto mora da se desilo što ih je načinilo kakvim jesu.
Neki istraživači misle da su mogle biti uzburkane zvezdom koja je proletela tuda.

English: 
For a long time, the chances of that seemed
nil.
But in 2018, a group of researchers published
a paper looking into it more.
They knew that the Sun was born in a cluster
of stars that split up after about 10 million years.
So they created a model based on the Orion
Nebular Cluster,
a similar cluster thought to have at least as many stars as the one our Sun was born in.
After running simulations on it, they made
the case that during those early years,
the probability of a star passing nearly as close
Pluto was more like 20 or 30 percent.
And that could have easily scattered objects
into the orbits we see today.
Finding the answers to these questions is
important for understanding our origins,
but not just in a “we seek to understand the
cosmos” kind of way.
Whatever happened in the early solar system
is a big part of the reason that Earth exists,
and that it’s in just the right orbit for
life.
So if we understand how the solar system got
the way that it is,

Serbian: 
Šanse za to su dugo bile nepostojeće.
Ali 2018., grupa istraživača je objavila istraživanje koje se time bliže bavilo.
Oni su znali da je Sunce nastalo u zvezdanom jatu koje se podelilo nakon otprilike 10 miliona godina.
Zato su kreirali model baziran na maglini Orion,
sličnoj maglini za koju se veruje da ima najmanje onoliko zvezda koliko ih je bilo prilikom nastanka našeg Sunca.
Nakon sprovođenja simulacija na njoj, utvrdili su da tokom tih ranih godina,
verovatnoća da neka zvezda proleti nedaleko od Plutona je bila oko 20 do 30 procenata.
I to je lako moglo da razbaca objekte u orbite koje vidimo danas.
Nalaženje odgovora na ova pitanja je važno za razumevanje našeg porekla,
ali ne samo u smislu "težimo da razumemo Kosmos".
Šta god da se desilo u ranom Sunčevom sistemu, ono je veliki deo činjenice da Zemlja postoji,
i da je u idealnoj orbiti za razvoj života.
Dakle, ako razumemo kao je Sunčev sistem postao takav kakav jeste,

English: 
we can use that information to figure out how many other systems might have planets like ours,
or why they don’t.
And who knows?
Maybe one day, we'll discover another solar
system that's weird in all the right ways.
Thanks for watching this episode of SciShow
Space!
You know, over the last few years, we’ve
made more than 500 videos,
because there’s a lot to say 
and a lot to explore out there.
If you haven’t any questions we haven’t
answered, though, we’d love to hear from you.
So feel free to leave your suggestions in the
comments, and we’ll consider them for a future video.
[ ♪ Outro ]

Serbian: 
možemo da iskoristimo tu informaciju da utvrdimo kako mnogi drugi sistemi mogu imati planete kao što su naše,
i zašto nemaju.
I ko zna?
Možda ćemo jednog dana otkriti drugi solarni sistem koji je uvrnut baš kako treba.
Hvala što ste gledali ovu epizodu SciShow Space!
Znate, tokom proteklih nekoliko godina, napravili smo preko 500 videa,
zato što ima mnogo toga da se kaže i mnogo toga da se istraži.
Ako, pak, imate pitanja na koje nismo odgovorili, voleli bismo da ih čujemo.
Zato slobodno ostavite predloge u komentarima, i uzećemo ih u obzir za neki naredni video.
 
