APPLAUSE
Asking the questions -
Jeremy Paxman.
Hello. Two more teams
are at the start of a journey
which might last several months
over numerous matches,
and which could culminate with them
lifting the Champions' Trophy
to deafening cheers.
Or it could all end tonight.
Now, Trinity College, Cambridge
was founded by Henry VIII
in the mid-16th century,
and it's now one of the University's
biggest and richest colleges.
Its 17th-century Great Court
famously tempts students to
try to run around it in less time
than it takes the college's
clock to strike 12.
LAUGHTER
That is, when they're not
spending time in the library
designed by Sir Christopher Wren.
A long list of alumni includes
Isaac Newton, the philosopher
Francis Bacon, the poets Marvell,
Dryden, Byron and Tennyson,
and more recently,
the actor Eddie Redmayne,
the comedian and presenter
Mel Giedroyc,
and, of course, the teams who won
this competition in 1995 and 2014.
With an average age of 21 and
representing around 1,000 students,
let's meet the Trinity Cambridge
team.
Hi, I'm Matthew Kingston,
I'm from green Ireland,
in County Antrim,
and I study physics.
Hi, I'm Owen Petrie, I'm
from Clawddnewydd in north Wales
and I'm studying for a PhD
in applied maths.
And this is their captain.
I'm Maya Bear, I'm from London
and I'm reading English.
Hi, I'm Rahu Dev, I'm from Chiswick
in west London,
and I'm studying history.
APPLAUSE
Bristol University dates back to
the observation of the 19th-century
headmaster John Percival of
Clifton College that the provinces
lacked a university culture.
Benjamin Jowett,
master of Balliol College, Oxford,
took up the cause and won the
support of the local Fry family,
of chocolate fame,
and later, of the Wills family,
of tobacco notoriety,
which helped secure
the Royal Charter in 1909.
Alumni include the actors
Emily Watson, Simon Pegg
and David Walliams,
the commentator Will Hutton
and the broadcaster Sue Lawley.
With an average age of 22,
and representing over 21,000
students,
let's meet the Bristol team.
Hi, I'm Oliver Bowes from Market
Harborough in Leicestershire,
and I'm studying music.
Hi, I'm Kirsty Biggs,
I'm originally from Southampton,
and I'm doing a PhD in mathematics.
And this is their captain.
Hi, I'm Sam Hosegood, I'm from
Bedford and I do chemical physics.
Hi, I'm Tom Hewett, I'm from
Stroud in Gloucestershire,
and I'm studying English.
APPLAUSE
Well, the rules are constant
as the Northern Star,
so it's ten points for starter
questions,
which are solo efforts,
answer on the buzzer.
And bonuses are worth 15,
which are team efforts.
Now, fingers on the buzzers,
here's your first starter for ten.
What natural phenomenon links
a 1915 novel by DH Lawrence,
a 1998 work by Richard Dawkins
whose title...?
Rainbow.
Rainbow is right, yes.
APPLAUSE
Three questions on a number for
the first set of bonuses, Bristol.
What nickname did its publicist
Emil Gutmann give
to Mahler's Symphony No 8
in E flat major,
first performed in full in Munich
in 1910?
You do music.
I'd go with Titan.
Titan.
No, it was the
Symphony Of A Thousand.
Garibaldi's
Expedition Of The Thousand
landed at the port of Marsala in May
1860,
and later led to the overthrow of
which kingdom of southern Italy?
Is it...
Papal States? Papal States.
Naples. Naples?
Naples.
No, it's the
Kingdom Of The Two Sicilies. Oh.
And named after the British Major
General, Wolf Island is the
largest of the group known as the
Thousand Islands,
located within which river?
Amazon, maybe...?
Or Canada...
Canada, OK.
So, Yukon, or...?
What do you reckon?
Yukon.
No, it's the Saint Lawrence River
in Canada.
Ten points for this.
"Thank God I should have lived
to witness a day
"in which England is willing
to give 20 million sterling
"for the abolition of slavery."
These were the words of which
parliamentarian,
shortly before his death in 1833?
Pitt the Younger.
No, I'm afraid you lose five points.
Trinity?
William Wilberforce?
Correct.
APPLAUSE
You get a set of bonuses,
Trinity College,
on dogs in children's literature.
Firstly, which eponymous dog
features in the 1956 novel
by the US author Fred Gibson?
Adopted as a stray by the young
Travis Coates,
he saves Travis's family
on numerous occasions
before his death after
contracting rabies.
Lassie...? I don't know...
No, she's a girl.
Do you have any ideas?
Lassie.
No, it's Old Yeller.
Secondly, 1963 saw the first of
a series of children's books
by Norman Bridwell, the hero of
which soon became a mascot
for the Scholastic Books
publishing company.
What is the name of the
big, red dog?
Clifford.
Correct.
In the first of the
Harry Potter books,
what is the name of the
giant, three-headed dog
guarding the Philosopher's Stone
in Hogwarts school...?
Fluffy. Fluffy is correct, yes.
APPLAUSE
Right, ten points for this.
What non-orientable surface was
the form of a conveyor belt
patented by the US industrialist
BF Goodrich...?
Mobius strip.
Mobius strip is right, yes.
APPLAUSE
You get a set of bonuses on physics.
Firstly, Gong, the
Global Oscillation Network Group,
is a programme studying the internal
structural dynamics of what body?
Um...
I can't remember.
What body...?
Um... The sun.
Correct.
LAUGHTER
Chime, the Canadian Hydrogen
Intensity Mapping Experiment,
is designed to study the traces
of primordial cosmic waves
in hydrogen gas by detecting what
form of electromagnetic radiation?
Microwave.
It's radio waves.
And finally, Haarp,
the High-frequency Active
Auroral Research Programme,
has been used to transmit radio
waves to study the behaviour
of what specific region
of the Earth's atmosphere?
Um... I don't know.
The stratosphere.
No, it's the ionosphere,
the specific term I wanted.
Right, ten points for this.
JD Salinger's The Catcher In The
Rye refers to which of Dickens's
characters in its opening sentence?
David Copperfield.
Correct.
APPLAUSE
You get a set of bonuses
on the cricketer Hanif Mohammad,
who died in August 2016.
In 1958, Hanif made 337 for Pakistan
against the West Indies
in what was the longest
Test innings.
For how many minutes did he bat?
You can have 10% either way.
A few hundred...?
Yeah. Um...
Rough guess?
700.
700.
No, it's 970 so I can't accept that.
Hanif had three brothers who played
Test cricket for Pakistan.
Name any one of the three.
All of Pakistan's first
101 Tests featured at least
one of the four brothers.
So, Hanif...
Mohammed.
Um...
Mohsin.
Nominate Hewett. Mohsin?
No, they were Wazir,
Mushtaq and Sadiq.
And finally, in 1959,
Hanif scored 499
for Karachi against Bahawalpur.
This was the highest first-class
individual score until 1994,
when it was broken by which
west Indian?
Brian Lara?
Correct, yes.
APPLAUSE
OK, I think it's time for
a picture round, now.
For your picture starter, you're
going to see
an artist's impression of the
entrance to a public lavatory.
LAUGHTER
For ten points, I want you
to identify the language
in which the signs are written.
Welsh.
It is Welsh, yes.
APPLAUSE
The signs, of course,
said "Men" and "Women".
For your picture bonuses,
you'll see toilet signs
in three more languages.
LAUGHTER
Again, in each case, I simply
want you to identify the language.
Firstly, for five,
this Mediterranean language.
Turkish.
Turkish is correct.
Secondly, this European language.
Hungarian? Maybe.
Hungarian? No, it's Albanian.
And finally, a European language.
Could that be, like...?
That could be Hungarian.
I don't know, it looks too much...
It looks too Latinate to be
Hungarian cos it's got "femei".
Yeah. Could it be, like, Macedonian?
Macedonian. No, it's Romanian.
Ten points for this.
What collective name has been given
to these figures?
The first carried a bow
and was given a crown,
the second was given a sword...
Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse.
That's correct.
APPLAUSE
You get a set of bonuses
on potatoes in art, Bristol.
Largely abstract, although derived
from a female figure,
Potato is a work of 1928 by which
Spanish artist?
Born in Barcelona in 1893,
he's commonly associated with
the surrealist movement.
Dali.
Dali. No, it wasn't, it was Miro.
The Potato Harvest is
an oil painting of 1885
by which French artist?
One of the founders
of the Barbizon school,
his other notable works
include The Angelus.
THEY WHISPER
Marcel Duchamp.
No, it's Millet.
And finally, The Potato Eaters is
an oil painting of 1885 by
which artist who was
born in Zundert in The Netherlands?
Dutch. Rembrandt? 1885, too late.
No, it's too late.
Vermeer, maybe. Vermeer?
No, in 1885, no, it's Van Gogh. Oh!
Ten points for this.
Answer promptly.
Name any two of the four chemical
elements discovered by
William Hyde Wollaston
and Smithson Tennant
in the early years of
the 19th century.
All four are in the platinum group.
Iridium and palladium.
Correct. The other two are
osmium and rhodium.
APPLAUSE
You get a set of bonuses on films
about writer's block, Bristol.
The 1987 film
Throw Momma From The Train starred
Billy Crystal as a creative
writing teacher suffering
from writer's block and marked the
directorial debut of which actor?
These bonuses are not going well!
Tom Hanks.
Tom Hanks? No, it was Danny DeVito.
Secondly for five points,
the 1991 Palme d'Or winner,
Barton Fink,
in which the eponymous playwright
suffers from an acute block,
was born out of the Coen brothers'
struggle with the making of which
film of 1990?
It stars Gabriel Byrne
and John Turturro.
The Big Lebowski or something
like that? Are you sure?
I think that might be them.
The Big Lebowski?
No, I think that was later.
It was Miller's Crossing.
And finally,
the 2004 film Secret Window stars
Johnny Depp as a blocked writer
and is an adaptation of the novella
Secret Window, Secret Garden
by which US author?
THEY WHISPER
Truman Capote.
Truman Capote?
No, it's Stephen King.
Ten points for this.
The works of the US author
Walter Tevis include the novels
The Hustler and The Color Of Money,
as well as which science fiction
novel of 1963?
It formed the basis
of a film of 1976,
directed by Nicholas Roeg
and starring David Bowie.
The Man Who Fell To Earth. Correct.
APPLAUSE
Your bonuses this time are on
Lloyd George's coalition government,
Trinity.
Who was appointed Chancellor
of the Exchequer in December 1916?
Born in Canada, he was briefly
Prime Minister in 1922 and '23.
Bonar Law. Bonar Law.
Bonar Law is right.
Secondly, the half-brother
of a future Prime Minister,
who was Secretary of State
for India from 1915-17?
He was a joint winner of the 1925
Nobel Peace Prize for his role
in bringing about the Locarno Pact.
Locarno Pact... Austen Chamberlain.
Austen Chamberlain.
Correct.
Which former Prime Minister
became Foreign Secretary
in December 1916?
The following year,
he issued a declaration in favour
of a Jewish national homeland
in Palestine.
Balfour. Balfour.
It was Arthur James Balfour, yes.
APPLAUSE
Giving you the lead. And we're going
to take a music round now.
For your music starter, you'll hear
a piece of classical music.
Ten points
if you can name the composer.
FRENCH HORN PLAYS
Mozart.
Mozart's Horn Concerto is correct.
APPLAUSE
You're going to hear three more
pieces of music in which
horns feature prominently. In each
case, simply name the composer.
First, the composer of this piece...
HORN PLAYS
Haydn.
It is Haydn, his Horn Concerto in D.
And secondly...
BRASS INSTRUMENTS PLAY
Mahler.
Mahler?
It is Gustav Mahler, Symphony No 1.
And finally, this...
HARPSICHORD AND STRINGS
ACCOMPANY HORNS
Bach.
It is Bach, yes,
the Brandenburg Concerto No 1.
APPLAUSE
Right, ten points for this.
Which decade saw the completion
of Saint Anselm's Monologion,
the Seljuk defeat at...?
1080. No. You lose five points.
The Seljuk defeat at the
Byzantine Empire at the Battle
of Manzikert, Emperor Henry IV's
penance at Canossa
and the Revolt of the Earls
against William the Conqueror.
The 11th.
No, it's the 1070s,
so we're going to take another
starter question now.
What two-word collective name
is given to Mintaka,
Alnilam and Alnitak?
They form part of a constellation
named after a figure sometimes
identified as a son of Poseidon.
Orion's Belt?
Correct.
APPLAUSE
You get three questions
on the Victorian writer
and illustrator Kate Greenaway.
A noted illustration by Greenaway
depicts angelic children
following which distinctive figure?
The title character of a narrative
poem by Robert Browning.
Pied Piper. The Pied Piper.
Correct.
In the 1880s, Greenaway became a
protege of which leading art critic?
One biographer notes that her
images of young girls ministered
to his obsession for Rose La Touche,
who was nearly 30 years his junior.
Was that John Ruskin? I'm not sure.
John Ruskin? It is.
In a 1952 story, which enduring
children's character is dragooned
into wearing what he calls a green
cataway costume for a village event?
It's torn to rags by a Scottie
and a mastiff.
Just William.
Just William.
It is Just William, yes.
APPLAUSE
Right, another starter question now.
Mentioned in the Avesta
and the biblical Book of Tobit,
the city of Rey,
known in Latin as Rhagae,
was a predecessor of which
populous world capital?
It's located about 100km south
of the Caspian Sea.
Tehran.
Tehran is correct, yes.
APPLAUSE
Right, your bonuses are on biology
this time, Bristol.
From the Greek for wave-writer,
what instrument consists
of a revolving drum on which a pen
moves, recording changes in various
physiological measurements?
A spirograph or something like that.
A spirograph.
No, it's a kymograph.
Secondly, what does
a sphygmomanometer measure?
THEY LAUGH
Um...
What? I don't know.
It's biology. Oh, yeah.
Blood alcohol level.
No, it's blood pressure.
And finally,
a myograph measures the force
produced by contraction in
what body tissue?
The eye? No, it's muscle.
Ten points for this.
In the abbreviation HDL cholesterol,
for what do the letters HDL...?
High density lipoprotein.
That's correct,
or high density lipid.
CHEERING AND APPLAUSE
You get a set of bonuses
on King Zog of Albania.
Firstly for five points,
after serving as president
for several years,
Ahmed Bey Zogu proclaimed himself
King of Albania during which decade?
1930s. 1930s.
No, it was the 1920s,
1928, to be precise.
Zog's regime drew heavily
on the myth of which Albanian
national hero, born in 1405?
He's known in Turkish
as Iskender Bey.
Who knows any Albanian
national hero?
Alexander, but...
Alexander who?
King Alexander? King Alexander.
No, it's Skanderbeg.
Zog went into exile in 1939
when Albania became
a protectorate of which country?
Italy. Italy.
Italy is correct.
Ten points for this.
Of which artistic movement
did Kenneth Clark say
"they did not set out to be popular.
"On the contrary, they became
resigned to public ridicule,
"but in the end they achieved
a modest measure of success"?
Pop art.
No. Anyone like to buzz
from Bristol?
Impressionists. Correct.
APPLAUSE
Your bonuses are on cosmology
this time.
In 1931, which astronomer
at the Catholic University of Leuven
in Belgium published
a paper on the primeval atom,
usually cited as the first
assertion of the Big Bang theory?
Oh, who was the Big Bang theory?
Oh, I should know that.
THEY WHISPER
No, pass, sorry.
That was Georges Lemaitre.
Lemaitre later spoke of the vanished
brilliance of
the origin of the world.
Patrick Moore likened this
vanished brilliance to what
form of radiation,
known by the abbreviation CMB?
Cosmic microwave background, yeah.
Cosmic microwave background.
Correct.
CMB radiation was discovered
accidentally by the US scientists
Arno Penzias and
Robert Wilson during which decade?
1940s or something like that?
1940s? No, it's the 1960s.
We're going to take
a second picture round.
For your picture starter, you're
going to see a political cartoon.
For ten points, I want you to
identify the two figures depicted.
George III and Napoleon Bonaparte.
That's correct.
APPLAUSE
That 1803 cartoon, depicting George
III as the King of Brobdingnag
from Swift's Gulliver's Travels,
was by James Gillray,
who has been called the father of
the political cartoon, as you know.
For your bonuses, you're going
to see three more of his cartoons.
Firstly, who's the political figure
depicted prominently here?
Pitt the Younger. Pitt the Younger,
yeah? Yeah. Pitt the Younger?
That is Pitt the Younger.
And secondly,
who's the political writer
and theorist depicted on the right?
He riding Britannia?
John Locke, maybe? John Locke?
Go for it, yeah.
John Locke? No, it's Thomas Paine.
He was often depicted as a corset
maker to discredit him.
Finally,
what event is depicted here?
Some helpful wording has been
nicely removed.
Is that the Battle of the Nile?
No, the Battle of the Nile.
Oh, no, sorry, Battle of the Nile,
yeah. It's crocodiles.
The Battle of the Nile.
It is the Battle of the Nile,
The Extirpation Of
The Plagues Of Egypt.
Right, ten points for this.
"Though I am not naturally honest,
I am so sometimes by chance."
Which play by Shakespeare
includes those words
of the roguish Autolycus?
The Winter's Tale. Correct.
APPLAUSE
Your bonuses are on European
history, Bristol.
In each case, give the century in
which the named monarchs held power.
Firstly, King Frederick II
of Denmark and Norway,
Charles I of Spain
and William the Silent
of The Netherlands.
Century? Yeah, century.
15th. The 15th.
No, it was the 16th century,
the 1500s.
Secondly, King Philip VI of France,
Peter I of Portugal
and Dmitriy Donskoi of Russia.
Shall I just go 17th? Yeah.
17th? No, that was the 14th century.
And finally, King Gustaf V
of Sweden, Haakon VII of Norway
and Boris III of Bulgaria.
20th. The 20th?
Correct. Four minutes to go.
Ten points for this.
In physics, what seven-letter term
describes one of two or more
atomic nuclei that contain the same
number of neutrons...
Isotone. Isotone is correct.
APPLAUSE
These bonuses are on paradoxes,
Bristol.
"The slower will never be overtaken
by the quicker" is one formulation
of a paradox named after which Greek
philosopher of the fifth century BC?
Zeno.
Correct.
The Greek seer Epimenides is
associated with the liar's paradox.
This commonly refers to
inhabitants of which island?
Crete.
Correct.
"I know that I know nothing."
These words state a paradox
usually named after which
Greek philosopher who
died in 399 BC?
399, that was Socrates.
Socrates. Correct.
Ten points for this.
The name of which country appears
within words meaning
"underwater breathing apparatus"
and to "keep eggs warm"?
Cuba. Cuba is correct, yes.
APPLAUSE
You get three bonuses on science,
Bristol.
What is the predominant geometric
shape of cross-sections of
the columns of basalt such as those
that form the Giant's Causeway?
Is that a hexagon? Hexagon.
I think it is.
A hexagon. Correct.
What is the sum of the internal
angles of a regular hexagon?
THEY WHISPER
720. Correct.
The polar cloud of which planet
has been observed to form
a hexagonal vortex?
Oh...
Venus, maybe?
Venus? No, it's Saturn.
There are two minutes to go
and ten points for this.
Which alkali feldspar mineral
appears on
the Mohs scale of hardness...?
Orthoclase feldspar.
That is correct, yes.
Your bonuses this time are on words
or names that end in the letter I.
In each case,
give the word from the definition.
All three answers have the same
number of letters.
First, the surname of the track
athlete known as The Flying Finn.
He won nine gold medals
in the Olympics during the 1920s.
Pass.
That was Nurmi.
Secondly, Chinese ideographs
that are used in Japanese writing
in addition to the kana syllabary.
Kanji. Correct.
Finally, a hoofed mammal with
striped legs that's a close relative
of the giraffe.
Okapi. Correct. Ten points for this.
Answer in English or German.
Which loose association of 39 states
was formed at the Congress of Vienna
in 1815 to replace
the Holy Roman Empire?
Confederation of the Rhine.
No, anyone want to buzz
from Trinity quickly?
It's the Deutscher Bund,
or German Confederation.
Ten points for this.
Gondar, Mekele and Dire Dawa
are among the cities of which
African country?
It's the world's most populous
landlocked sovereign state.
Nigeria?
No, anyone want to buzz
from Trinity?
Ethiopia.
Ethiopia is correct.
Nigeria is not landlocked.
A set of bonuses
on monasteries for you.
Referring to sections of monastic
rules that were read aloud,
what two-word term denotes a formal
meeting room in a monastery?
Pass. It's a chapter house.
What six-letter term denotes the
communal dining room of a monastery?
It is also the Latin for brother.
Frater. Correct.
What is a reredorter?
The ruined priory of Castle Acre
in Norfolk, for example,
has one of the best-preserved
examples in England.
Pass. They were lavatories.
Ten points for this.
Answer promptly with a single word.
What is the second noun in the first
line of Milton's Paradise Lost?
Disobedience.
Disobedience is correct.
You get a set of bonuses...
GONG
And that's the gong.
Trinity College, Cambridge have 95,
but Bristol University have 230.
Well, bad luck, Trinity. You didn't
disgrace yourselves, it's fine.
Bristol, you were on fire -
it was a terrific performance.
We shall look forward
to seeing you in round two.
I hope you can join us next time
for another first-round match,
but until then, it's goodbye
from Trinity College, Cambridge...
Goodbye. ..it's goodbye
from Bristol University...
Goodbye. ..and it's goodbye from me.
Goodbye.
