Welcome.
Some friends said jokingly after our previous videos -
Stop this and do a video recipe of chicken fry !!
Then there will be viewers.
So let's try that today.
You might've heard that marinating chicken and
resting it before frying is important.
We'll test that claim scientifically today.
Is there any benefit to marination?
How much time should you marinate?
Let's find out the answers and
understand how scientific method is implemented
in today's scikeralam video.
The process of finding answer to a question
by experiments and observations is the Scientific Method.
Our question today is - is marination beneficial ?
There are those who say it is
and there are those who say it is not.
We'll test it today.
Once a question is formed, the next step is
to design an experiment to test it.
How can you test these claims?
I have taken chicken for my experiment.
We'll marinate and fry it with and without resting times.
All other factors must be identical.
Then we'll compare the results.
I've taken boneless chicken breast.
Let's cut this into similar sized pieces.
Will take two pieces and apply masala.
This masala is made of spices, ginger garlic paste, salt, lemon extract, etc.
In western style cooking, they use liquid marinade or brine.
We'll marinate two pieces that way too.
This is a solution of salt and vinegar.
Some chilies, garlic, etc is added for flavour.
I've added some blue food coloring too.
Let's dip the chicken pieces in this.
Blue color will help us know
if the marinade is getting into chicken or not.
I've similarly marinated chicken
1 hr ago and 10 hrs ago
and kept in refrigerator for rest.
Let's take it out.
That's the first part of our experiment.
We now have 3 sets of chicken -
marinated for 10 hrs, 1 hr, and prepared now.
Now let's take our observations.
Let's wash one piece from each set in water.
This is to find out how much masala is stuck to the chicken.
Looking at the color after washing, we can judge that.
The ones marinated for longer times has more color.
It's more clear on these blue colored ones.
Masala washes off easily if marinated for short times.
We can see a difference between 1 hr and 10 hr ones too.
To see if masala has penetrated inside. let's cut them.
We can see that masala or color
have not penetrated inside.
Masala is only on the outer portion.
So, was it necessary to rest it in marinade?
The masala is lost now due to washing.
If not washed, it might have been fine.
To find that, let's fry the other chicken pieces.
We have fried the chicken pieces.
Let's cut them to see if masala has penetrated now.
As before, color/masala has not reached inside.
What if flavour has reached and not the color?
To find that, let's cut a piece of 10 hr marinated chicken.
Let's cut off the edges.
Let's taste this.
Doesn't have masala's taste. Tastes like chicken.
Let's try this one too.
Take the chicken inside.
It's a bit salty. No other flavour is present.
So we understand that there's only
masala on the outside.
Now let's taste these wholly and compare.
We'll cut small pieces from each and do a blind test.
To taste it, let's call a friend.
We'll do a blind test - ie, we'll give random ones
without him knowing and ask him which is the best.
First one..
Can you tell the difference?
There's no notable difference.
That's the first blind test. Let's do next.
To taste the next set, let's call another friend.
These two are similar. This is more salty.
So, the ones with masala had no difference,
but, the ones in liquid marinade had different saltiness.
You might be thinking - Is this too much thought for a chicken fry !!
This is important to big restaurants and meat industry.
Many studies like these are hence done.
But, our main aim is to understand what scientific method is.
What we did now are the important steps of scientific method.
First, a question was raised -
Is marination beneficial?
Our hypothesis can be - more marinating time helps absorb more masala.
Next step is designing experiment to test it.
This step requires great attention.
Our experiment should be able to answer our question,
and should give the same answer if another person tries it.
For example, if we just check the taste of chicken,
taste is subjective and different people
might have different preferences.
So, we cut the chicken and checked the color inside.
This will give the same result regardless of personal preferences.
Another thing is to keep all other variables constant except the one to test.
Size of chicken pieces, masala applied,
oil used and its temperature, etc should be similar
inorder to compare them.
Next step is to analyze the observations.
When we washed the chicken pieces, we observed
that the ones marinated longer had more color.
And when we cut it, we observed that masala didn't get inside.
When we cut it after frying, we got the same observation.
From tasting the inside, we found no flavour of masala inside,
but found that salt has penetrated in.
From the blind tests, the ones covered in masala tasted the same,
while ones dipped in liquid marinade had difference in saltiness.
Along with data analysis, we should also do error analysis.
We should understand the shortcomings of our experiment.
For example, some experts say marination helps in
making chicken tender and change it's texture.
We did't have a way to test that in our experiment.
We don't have the expertise to identify that from tasting.
Even though we tried keeping all other variables similar,
there might have been some differences.
Maybe masala on one piece is more,
pieces might not be the same size,
To avoid this error, the same experiment can be repeated
to see if it gives the same result.
The more times we repeat the experiment,
more accurate our result becomes.
This is where statistics is important.
Also, we can ask somebody else to do the experiment and verify the results.
After data analysis, the last step
is to arrive at conclusions from our results.
This is the answer to the question
that we've determined using our experiments.
So, what's our conclusion?
Marinating for longer times helps in sticking masala
on the outside of chicken pieces.
But, it won't get absorbed inside.
This is our conclusion.
So, marination is not very important in frying.
But in a curry with gravy, for the masala to stick
onto the chicken, it might require
to be kept for sometime after cooking.
This can be avoided by marination.
If it's a research topic, after doing all these,
it is then peer reviewed.
Experts in the field will check
whether our study, it's procedure,
the data analysis, etc are right.
If everything is deemed right, it is then published.
Thus, everyone will know about it and
researchers can do further studies.
There might be some changes to these steps depending on the research topic.
The basic idea remains the same.
We can judge whether a study is scientific or not by checking whether it follows this process.
For example, in modern medicine,
many studies and trials are conducted when a new drug is discovered.
It's used only after the benefits and drawbacks are understood.
It's a scientific field.
Many are understanding it more in these times of coronavirus.
But, in fields like homeopathy and traditional practices,
such studies are not conducted.
When done, these medicines are found to be ineffective.
So, it's not a scientific field.
Hope that everyone understood what scientific method is.
Please share and support the video.
Don't fear that these chicken will go to waste - we'll fry and eat all of them.
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Expecting your maximum support, till we meet again in another S&T video,
