Once, the famous astrophysicist Neil de Grass
Tyson put it briskly that if a black hole
visits us, the solar system would have a bad
day.
After all, there is hardly anything worse
than the ability to be broken into atoms.
But we are used to thinking that black holes
are somewhere far away, in other parts of
the universe.
But what if one of them literally appears
on our doorstep.
What happens if a “uninvited guest” with
a size of 1 mm “settles” near our Earth?
Physicists asked a similar question in 2008,
when the Large Hadron Collider was launched.
Then, many scientists, among whom was also
Stephen Hawking, feared that this greatest
invention of mankind could create a multitude
of microscopic black holes that would swallow
everything around and we would cease to exist
... forever.
Moreover, these are far from the only problems
that were predicted by the opponents of the
collider.
However, more than 10 years have passed since
then, and if you are watching this video,
it means that the Large Hadron Collider works
quietly away by itself and doesn’t create
any dangerous pieces capable of destroying
the Earth.
Or is that just for now?
In fact, to produce a mini black hole, you
need 1015 times more energy than the Large
Hadron Collider can withstand.
But even if we manage to use such a huge amount
of energy, to create a micro black hole, we
would need to work with the 4th dimension
in space, which in this context isn’t particularly
well studied or understood.
But suppose we miraculously manage to create
a microscopic black hole in our limited and
wretched 3D world.
I hasten to upset those who are looking forward
to the apocalypse.
It would have to be postponed for some time.
Because in this case, the mini black hole
is most likely to instantly evaporate, thanks
to so-called Hawking radiation.
After all, black holes not only absorb energy,
but also give it away!
So, the Large Hadron Collider does not threaten
us at all.
At least in any case, until the time we learn
to use a large amount of energy and fully
explore the 4th dimension in space.
However, microscopic black holes can occur
even without the Large Hadron Collider.
The fact is that right now billions of black
holes pervade our planet!
So, what is happening?
Are we doomed, and the earth would soon be
torn apart into small pieces by mysterious,
space objects?
Relax, it's not so bad.
At least for now ... After all, our multi-million
army of black holes has been attacking our
home planet for billions of years!
At the same time, the mass of individual black
voraciousness’s could reach up to 100 tons,
but their size isn’t more than an atom!
Such a small diameter gives rise to a correspondingly
small “event horizon” —a hypothetical
line beyond which space and time are bent,
and matter begins to be absorbed and torn
apart by atoms.
For this reason, the mini black hole can’t
devour even the bacteria on your dining table.
But even if it starts to eat our home planet,
it would take a very long time - several billion
years in fact.
By this time, humanity is likely to have become
extinct, or else it would have found another
place of residence in the universe.
However, there is one thing ... If the diameter
of the mini black hole increases to the size
visible to the naked eye, the events would
turn out completely differently.
We won’t baffle your brains with complex
calculations from the strange world of higher
physics, but according to calculations, a
black hole with a diameter of 1 mm would have
a mass of more than five lunar masses combined,
which is about 11% of the Earth’s mass.
The scale of the influence of a black hole
depends on where it is located: on the surface
of the earth, in the center of the planet
or, for example, in the room of the guy you
hate.
Suppose that a black monster, 1 mm in size,
is located on the surface of the Earth.
The sphere of influence of a black hole would
be about a third of the Earth’s radius,
about 1,320 miles (2124 kilometers).
This would lead to a noticeable increase in
the overall gravity of the Earth, which in
turn would affect the orbit of the moon.
It would stray off the current course and
begin to move in an elliptical orbit.
But, if the Moon only changes its course and
remains alive, another and more terrible fate
would await us and all matter in close proximity
to this monster.
If we were close, we would’ve been torn
to pieces.
And it would happen so quickly that we wouldn’t
even have time to blink an eye.
Having settled with us, the black hole would
purposefully move to the center of the Earth
and nothing and no one can stop it.
Without common obstacles, it would absorb
everything and reach the center of the Earth
in just 42 minutes.
An insatiable monster passing through the
core of the earth and in about the same time
it would reach the other side of the surface.
But the black hole, too, wouldn’t stand
still.
If its relative speed is at least 12 km / s,
or 7.5 miles / s, it would rotate around the
Earth along with its sphere of gravitational
influence.
With each circle, the earth would lose its
mass.
Thus, the black hole would begin its meal:
absorbing the crust and most of the mantle.
It means our complete destruction and destruction
of all life on the surface of the Earth.
But before absorbing all living things, the
black hole “smoothes out the corners”,
apparently, to make it easier to eat.
Thus, the gas would twist into a gravitational
spiral, like sugar during the creation of
cotton candy.
And our planet would turn into just a broken
disk of hot stone.
The material of the formed disk would produce
a lot of heat, it is assumed that it would
have a temperature of about six thousand Kelvin
- approximately, like the Earth’s core or
the surface of the Sun.
Because the disk would be radiating, as if
highlighting a black hole.
It would be an amazing and at the same time
eerie sight, because a black hole, like a
vampire, would suck the radiance of its energy
from the planet.
Scientists believe that the space monster
would take 5 billion years to finally "eat"
our home planet.
During this time, the mass of the Earth would
increase significantly.
But the shape of the planet familiar to us
would change beyond recognition.
It would probably be similar to the fall of
the legendary Pompeii, which was wiped out
by burning lava, only on a cosmic scale.
In just a few hours, the beautiful and densely
populated Blue Planet would turn into an uninhabited
shred of space, where only the collapsing
crust, lava and hot gases would reign.
Naturally, the disappearance of the Earth
wouldn’t pass without a trace - the asteroid
belt would collapse, which would lead to frequent
collisions for a million years in the solar
system.
To complete chaos, there would be no place
for life, which simply becomes impossible.
So far these are only terrible assumptions
and theories, but they are still far from
us.
In any case, humanity still has a head start
in 5 billion years to build the Noah's Ark
and move to some other planet.
And maybe in another galaxy, because it’s
far from fact that the Solar System can live
for so long.
But for now, you can safely allow billions
of mini black holes to permeate you, without
fear of breaking into atoms.
Although ... it would look kind of spectacular!
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