Invention relates to a hollow nozzle partition used in, for example, a boiling water reactor (BWR) environment, and, more particularly to a hollow partition with welded end caps to prevent mass transfer (i.e. water leakage, contamination) into the hollow cavity which could cause wall buckling or ballooning under certain operating conditions.
Hollow nozzle partition designs are used in fossil-fueled steam generating plants and reach lengths of at least 33.5xe2x80x3. As shown in FIG. 1, a hollow nozzle partition is formed from two curved metal plates, a convex plate 10 and concave plate 12, joined along their seams 14, 16, typically, by welding. End cap 11 may be welded at one (or both open ends) to form an enclosed hollow nozzle partition. Only one end cap 11 is needed where the other open end is closed off by attachment of the hollow nozzle partition to a turbine ring or the like.
Pressurized water reactor (PWR) nuclear power plants also currently use hollow nozzle partitions. The hollow nozzle partitions provide substantial cost savings versus solid partitions in nuclear, low-pressure, environments where partition lengths reach roughly between 38xe2x80x3 and 52xe2x80x3.
When hollow nozzle partitions are welded or attached by other means to either or both of the inner and outer rings of a turbine they act as a quasi-pressure vessel. If any moisture leaks into the hollow nozzle partition through a weld or other point of porosity, the water flashes to steam, upon reaching a critical temperature, and creates enough pressure to yield the sidewall of the partition. This type of partition failure mode has been termed xe2x80x9cballooningxe2x80x9d and is preceded by wall buckling.
Although solid partitions do not encounter ballooning and wall buckling failure modes and therefore do not experience this problem the cost savings associated with hollow partitions make it desirable to solve these problems. The previous designs that utilized hollow nozzle partitions in fossil-fueled steam generator plants also encountered these failure modes. The conventional solution to this problem has been to drill two xc2xcxe2x80x3 diameter holes 18 in the sidewall of the partition (one on each end), to allow the partition to vent, as shown in FIG. 1.
Nuclear units are intrinsically wet environments where relative humidity can reach 11% or higher at the last stage diaphragm in the low-pressure section. A result of this moisture running through the unit is increased erosion of the steel components, thus causing small particulates to travel along the steam path. In a BWR (boiling water reactor) power plant, water passes and comes in contact with the reactor core (this is opposed to a PWR unit where the water is contained within piping and does not come into contact with the core). Any suspended solids due to erosion will become irradiated by the reactor core and will thus be carried by the steam throughout the turbine.
Once these irradiated particles become lodged in small cracks, holes and crevices, they create xe2x80x9chotxe2x80x9d spots of radiation contamination. This contamination needs to be avoided during outages where componentry is cleaned and repaired because of adverse biological effects to the workers. Accordingly, the conventional solution cannot be used in nuclear units and is especially not suitable in a BWR environment.
The above described problems of the prior art are solved by the invention which incorporates a recessed end cap welded or bonded onto at least one end of the hollow nozzle partition. The recessed end cap prevents wall buckling and ballooning failure modes by preventing contamination and moisture from accumulating within the hollow cavity.
USPTO Backgrounds
USPTO Backgrounds