1949 anti-NATO riot in Iceland

The Icelandic NATO riot of 30 March 1949 was prompted by the decision of Alþingi, the Icelandic parliament, to join the newly formed NATO, thereby involving Iceland directly in the Cold War, opposing the Soviet Union and re-militarizing the country.

The protesters first convened behind a school in the centre of Reykjavík and then marched on Austurvöllur, a small park in front of the parliament building, where a throng of people had already arrived positioning themselves between the parliament and the rioters, intending to defend it.

At first the demonstrators were calm, but when a leading member of the Socialist Party announced over a loudspeaker that the leader of his party was held hostage inside the Parliament building, things became violent.

Rocks were tossed at the building, some breaking the windows and one narrowly missing the head of the Parliamentary president, until the Reykjavík police force, aided by volunteers from the Independence Party intervened, beating rioters down and eventually launching tear gas grenades at the rioters.

No official estimate exists of the number of participants, but photographic evidence clearly shows that thousands of people were present.

Aftermath 

The details of this event have largely been obscured by opposing opinions and lack of neutrality in discussion. Despite violent opposition, Iceland's membership in NATO was confirmed.

After the event, protests by anti-NATO activists were commonplace. The left parties in the 1950s and 1960s parliamentary elections promised to put an end to the bilateral U.S.-Icelandic Defence Agreement, but dropped these promises after becoming part of the ruling coalitions. The slogan "Iceland out of NATO and the Army out!" ("Ísland úr NATO og herinn burt!") became a part of Icelandic culture. In 1974, the government proposed closing down the Keflavik base, but a petition campaign gathered a quarter of the population's signatures. The government fell out of power, and it was replaced by a decidedly pro-NATO government. On 30 September 2006, the US Navy unilaterally withdrew the last of its military force from Keflavík airport.

In 2016, the United States began preparations to re-occupy the base. In 2017, the United States announced its intention to construct a modern air base on the peninsula.

Gallery

References

See also 
 Alþingi
 Angels of the Universe (a novel whose protagonist is born during the riot)
 Kitchenware Revolution

Anti-NATO riot in Iceland
Anti-NATO riot in Iceland
Category:Anti-militarism in Europe
Category:Iceland and NATO
Category:Opposition to NATO
Category:Political riots
Category:Protests in Iceland
Category:Riots and civil disorder in Iceland
Category:March 1949 events