Third Javanese War of Succession

The Third Javanese War of Succession was an armed conflict that raged from 1749 to 1757 on the island Java. It led to the partition of the Mataram Sultanate into two, and later three, nominally independent 'Princely States': Surakarta, Yogyakarta and Mangkunegara.

Cause
The cause of the third Javanese succession war was the bad treatment by Governor-General of Imhoff of the brother of the Ruler Pakubuwana II of Surakarta. This Jason Mangku Bumi or Mangka, rebelled against the Dutch East India Company, which had disparaged him in his eyes, and against his brother, which he regarded as too compliant towards the Dutch (1749). Mangkubumi was in his fight against the Dutch supported by Raden Mas Said his cousin, a brilliant soldier, who has been a guerrilla warfare against the Dutch East India Company.

History
In the midst of Mangkubumi rebellion in 1749, Pakubuwana II fell ill and called Van Hohendorff, his trusted friend who saved his life during the fall of Kartasura in 1742. He asked Hohendorff to assume control over the kingdom. Hohendorff was naturally surprised and refused, thinking that he would be made king of Mataram, but when the king insisted on it, he asked his sick friend to confirm it in writing. On 11 December 1749, Pakubuwana II signed an agreement in which the "sovereignty" of Mataram was given to VOC. 
Mangku Bumi, who saw themselves as the rightful heir to the throne, demanded the title of ruler on. for its part the VOC continued a powerless puppet, Pakubuwana III of Surakarta on the throne. By the people of Mataram was Mangku Bumi, like Frost Hamengkubuwana called, as the only real ruler of Mataram and regarded as a freedom fighter. 
After years of changing fight with battles at Grobogan, Demak and members the Dutch under de Clerck a crushing defeat at the Bogowonto River. Hereinafter referred to as Governor-General Mossel decided to peace negotiations with Hamengkubuwana. This eventually led to the conclusion of the 'Treaty of Giyanti, named after the place East of Surakarta where the negotiations took place: the Kingdom of Mataram was divided between the two warring parties. The old capital Kartasura, which as a result of the fratricidal out there had taken place as a doom-laden place was considered, was abandoned.

The Pakubuwana III, founded as faithful to the Dutchmen Ruler a new kraton in Surakarta and controlled the eastern part of Mataram (Kasoenanan Solo or Surakarta) (1750-1788). On the other hand, reigned as sultan Hamengkubuwana I over the Western half of Mataram, and he built North of the old capital Kartasura, his new kraton Yogyakarta (Kasultanan Yogyakarta) (1755-1792). MAS Said the fight is not for also gave to him a part of Mataram as 'princely state' was given: he ruled as Mangkoenegara, built his own kraton in the proximity of the Surakarta/Solo and was especially areas in the extreme South-East of Mataram as its inheritance (Mangkoenegaran) (1757-1796).

Sources 
 Ricklefs, M. C., A History of Modern Indonesia since c. 1200, Palgrave MacMillan, New York, 2008 (terbitan ke-4), 

Category:Javanese Wars of Succession
Category:Conflicts in 1749
Category:Conflicts in 1750
Category:Conflicts in 1751
Category:Conflicts in 1752
Category:Conflicts in 1753
Category:Conflicts in 1754
Category:Conflicts in 1755
Category:Conflicts in 1756
Category:Conflicts in 1757
Category:Military history of Indonesia
Category:1757 in Asia
Category:History of Java
Category:18th century in Indonesia
Category:Mataram Sultanate
Category:Military history of the Dutch East India Company