Odo Josef Struger

Odo Josef Struger (August 12, 1931 – December 8, 1998) was an Austrian pioneer in modern-day automation.

Early life
Struger was born in 1931 in Unterloibl. This is a town in the municipality of Ferlach in Carinthia of Austria.  He moved to the United States in the 1950s and lived in the Cleveland area most of his life.

Programmable logic controller

Struger is sometimes known as the "father of the programmable logic controller" as is Dick Morley. Struger was involved in the invention of the Allen-Bradley programmable logic controller (PLC) during 1958 to 1960. Struger is often called the father of Allen-Bradley's programmable logic controller ("PLC") and credited with creating that acronym. The abbreviation "PLC" and the term "Programmable Logic Controller" are registered trademarks of the Allen-Bradley Company. Rockwell (Allen-Bradley) became the programmable logic controller device leader in the United States during the tenure of Struger.

This is a device that is part of computers used today in nearly every machine automated factory worldwide. It is an electronic device that allows precise numerical control of machinery. It makes possible modern factory automation, as well as heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, plastic injection molding machines, commercial washing machines, and amusement park rides. It is even found in lavish stage effects of Broadway productions. The devices are designed to work in real time, taking in information, processing it and producing commands to control a mechanical process as it happens. The Programmable Logic Controller ("PLC") came about as a replacement for automatic control systems that used tens and hundreds (maybe even thousands) of relays, motor driven cam timers, and rotary sequencers.

Murray Slovick (Spectrum editor, a magazine of the Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers) has been reported as saying,

William Little (Rockwell Automation chief technical officer) quoted to reporters,

Struger based his computer technology on a concept developed in his doctoral dissertation at the Vienna University of Technology titled, The Process for Quantitative Handling of Positioning Errors of Numerical Control Machines. He obtained a doctorate degree in 1970 at the Vienna University of Technology from this thesis.

The device Struger invented is essentially a rugged industrial computer that controls machinery. It is in most machine factories throughout the world today, especially those of high technology. The programmable logic controller computer technology is now a billion-dollar-a-year industry.

Career
Struger left the Vienna University of Technology in 1956 for a job at Brown, Boveri & Cie, a Swiss power company. In 1958 he became a research engineer at Allen-Bradley in Milwaukee. Here he headed a team that developed the programmable logic controller. Struger later became a vice president for Allen-Bradley and held that position until he retired in 1998. He worked for the company for nearly 40 years.

Struger played a leadership role in developing the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) standard for PLCs and its international successor, IEC 61131.

Struger patented means for detecting malfunction conditions at the inputs to a logic gate. One was for the "Fault Detecting and Fault Propagating Logic Gate." That patent was U.S. Pat. No. 3,743,855 issued July 3, 1973. Another control circuit employing fault mode logic gates was U.S. Pat. No. 3,751,684, issued to Struger on August 7, 1973. Struger also received U.S. Pat. No. 4,302,820 for a similar electrical apparatus as well as U.S. Pat. No. 3,240,951. Struger also received Canadian patents. Struger has received and been involved with several other patents.

Retirement and death
Struger retired in 1997 as Allen-Bradley's vice president of technology. He died on December 8, 1998, in Cleveland, Ohio, at the age of 67 of thyroid cancer. His wife was Marlene. He had two sons, Andre, of Farmington Hills, Michigan., and Gregory, of Newbury, Ohio. He has a sister named Franziska Panger of Austria.

Awards
 Awarded 50 patents.
 Prometheus Award of 1996
 Odo J. Struger Automation Award.
 Author of 40 published technical papers.
 Vienna University of Technology automation lab.
 Fellow of the Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
 Helped develop IEC 1131-3, a PLC programming language standard.
 Automation Hall of Fame at the Chicago Museum of Science and Industry.
 Worked on the Intelligent Manufacturing Systems consortia on Holonic Manufacturing Systems.

See also
 Wikibooks Introductory PLC Programming
 Automation

References

Further reading
 Global standards: building blocks for the future, 
 Anzovin, Steven, Famous First Facts, H. W. Wilson Company, New York 2000, 
 Nachtigal, Chester L., Instrumentation and Control: Fundamentals and Applications, 1990 Wiley, 

Category:1931 births
Category:1998 deaths
Category:People from Ferlach
Category:Austrian inventors
Category:Austrian scientists
Category:Austrian computer scientists
Category:TU Wien alumni
Category:Deaths from thyroid cancer
Category:Deaths from cancer in Ohio
Category:Programmable logic controllers
Category:20th-century inventors