Costa's hummingbird

Costa's hummingbird (Calypte costae) is a species of hummingbird.

Description
This species is very small, a mature adult growing to only  in length. The male Costa's has a mainly green back and flanks, a small black tail and wings, and patches of white below their gorgeted throat and tail. Its most distinguishing feature is its vibrant purple cap and throat with the throat feathers flaring out and back behind its head. The female Costa's hummingbird is not as distinct as the male, having grayish-green above with a white underbelly.

Distribution

Costa's hummingbird is fairly common in the arid brushy deserts and any nearby gardens of the Southwestern United States and the Baja California Peninsula of Mexico.

Behaviour

Courtship
The male Costa's hummingbird's courtship display is a spirited series of swoops and arcing dives, carefully utilizing a proper angle to the sun to show off his violet plumage to impress prospective mates. Each high-speed dive will also pass within inches of the female, perched on a nearby branch, which will be accented by a high-pitched shriek that is produced by the tail. Separately, the male will perch and produce similar sounds in his song—except, the song is vocal rather than tail-generated.

Nest
The female hummingbird constructs a small cup-shaped nest out of plant fibers and down and coated with lichen to hold it together. The nest will be situated above ground on a yucca stalk or tree limb.

Chicks
The female lays just two eggs, which are white in color, which she will incubate for 15 to 18 days before the young hatch. The young Costa's hummingbirds leave the nest after 20 to 23 days.

Diet
Like all other hummingbird species, Costa's hummingbird feeds on flower nectar and any tiny insects that it happens to find in the flower petals.

Torpor
As with other species, it can slow down its metabolism during cold nights when it enters a hibernation-like state known as torpor and its heart and respiration rate are dramatically slowed.

Hybrids
Hybrids between this bird and Anna's hummingbird, the black-chinned hummingbird as well as the broad-tailed hummingbird are known.

Meaning of scientific name
The binomial commemorates French nobleman Louis Marie Pantaleon Costa, Marquis de Beauregard (1806–1864).

Conservation
The IUCN describes them as of least concern. The population is stable and there are no known threats. They are found in at least one protected area.

References

External links 

 
 

Category:Calypte
Hummingbird, Costa's
Hummingbird, Costa's

Hummingbird, Costa's
Hummingbird, Costa's
Hummingbird, Costa's
Hummingbird, Costa's
Hummingbird, Costa's
Category:Birds described in 1839
Category:Taxa named by Jules Bourcier