algebraic cone; monoid action; group action; orbit; action with unique fixed point; algebra automorphism; stable ideal; irreducible algebraic variety upper bounds for solutions of diophantine equations; Runge theorem; finiteness of number of solutions; Brauer-Siegel theorem; Baker-Coates theory; linear forms in logarithms of algebraic numbers; \(p\)-adic case; representation of numbers by binary forms; Thue equation; rational approximations to algebraic numbers; effective strengthening of Liouville inequality; solution of Thue equation in \(S\)-integers; non-Archimedean metrics; polynomial equation; Mordell equation; Catalan equation; size of ideal class group; small regulator; effective variants of Hilbert on irreducibility of polynomials; Abelian points on algebraic curves 