L 219/42 Official Journal of the European Union 25.7.2014 COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 2014/87 [EURATOM of 8 July 2014 amending Directive 2009/71/Euratom establishing a Community framework for the nuclear safety of nuclear installations THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community, and in particular Articles 31 and 32 thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission, drawn up after having obtained the opinion of a group of persons appointed by the Scientific and Technical Committee from among scientific experts in the Member States, Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament (Y), Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee (3), Whereas: (1)  Council Directive 2013/59/Euratom (*) establishes uniform basic safety standards for the protection of the health of individuals subject to occupational, medical and public exposures against the dangers arising from ionising radiation. (2)  Council Directive 2009/71/Euratom () imposes obligations on the Member States to establish and maintain a national framework for nuclear safety. That Directive reflects the provisions of the main international instruments in the field of nuclear safety, namely the Convention on Nuclear Safety (), as well as the Safety Fundamentals (°) established by the International Atomic Energy Agency (TAEA)). (3)  Council Directive 2011/70/Euratom (’) imposes obligations on the Member States to establish and maintain a national framework for spent fuel and radioactive waste management. (4)  Council Conclusions of 8 May 2007 on nuclear safety and safe management of spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste highlighted that ‘nuclear safety is a national responsibility exercised where appropriate in an EU-framework. Decisions concerning safety actions and the supervision of nuclear installations remain solely with the operators and national authorities’. (5)  The Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan in 2011 renewed attention worldwide on the measures needed to mini- mise risk and ensure the most robust levels of nuclear safety. Based on the European Council conclusions of 24-25 March 2011, the national competent regulatory authorities, together with the Commission in the frame- work of the European Nuclear Safety Regulators Group (ENSREG), established by Commission Decision 2007/530/Euratom (%), carried out Community-wide comprehensive risk and safety assessments of nuclear power plants (‘stress tests’). The results identified a number of improvements which could be implemented in nuclear safety approaches and industry practices in the participating countries. (*) Opinion of 2 April 2014 (not yet published in the Official Journal). () O] C341,21.11.2013, p. 92. (®) Council Directive 2013/59/Euratom of 5 December 2013 laying down basic safety standards for protection against the dangers arising from exposure to ionising radiation, and repealing Directives 89/618/Euratom, 90/641/Euratom, 96/29/Euratom, 97/43/Euratom and 2003/122/Euratom (OJ L 13,17.1.2014, p. 1). (*) Council Directive 2009/71/Euratom of 25 June 2009 establishing a Community framework for the nuclear safety of nuclear installations (OJL 172, 2.7.2009. p. 18). () Commission Decision 1999/819/Euratom of 16 November 1999 concerning the accession to the 1994 Convention on Nuclear Safety by the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) (OJ L 318, 11.12.1999, p. 20). (°) IAEA Safety Fundamentals: Fundamental safety principles, IAEA Safety Standard Series No SF-1 (2006). () Council Directive 2011/70/Euratom of 19 July 2011 establishing a Community framework for the responsible and safe management of spent fuel and radioactive waste (O] L 199, 2.8.2011. p. 48). (*) Commission Decision 2007/530/Euratom of 17 July 2007 on establishing the European High Level Group on Nuclear Safety and Waste Management (O] L 195, 27.7.2007, p. 44).