L 119/44 COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) No 400/2014 of 22 April 2014 concerning a coordinated multiannual control programme of the Union for 2015, 2016 and 2017 to ensure compliance with maximum residue levels of pesticides and to assess the consumer expo- sure to pesticide residues in and on food of plant and animal origin (Text with EEA relevance) THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION, Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 February 2005 on maximum residue levels of pesticides in or on food and feed of plant and animal origin and amending Council Directive 91/414/EEC ('), in particular Article 29(2) thereof, Whereas: (1) By Commission Regulation (EC) No 1213/2008 (¥ a first coordinated multiannual Community programme, covering the years 2009, 2010 and 2011, was established. That programme continued under consecutive Commission Regulations. The latest one was Commission Regulation (EU) No 788/2012 (%). (2)  Thirty to forty foodstuffs constitute the major components of the diet in the Union. Since pesticide uses show significant changes over a period of three years, pesticides should be monitored in those foodstuffs over a series of three-year cycles to allow consumer exposure and the application of Union legislation to be assessed. (3)  On the basis of a binomial probability distribution, it can be calculated that examination of 654 samples allows, with a certainty of more than 99 %, the detection of a sample containing pesticide residues above the limit of determination (LOD), provided that not less than 1 % of the products contain residues above that limit (*). Collec- tion of these samples should be apportioned among Member States according to population numbers, with a minimum of 12 samples per product and per year. (4)  Analytical results from the previous official control programmes of the Union have been taken into account to ensure that the range of pesticides covered by the control programme is representative for the pesticides used. (5)  Guidance concerning ‘Analytical quality control and validation procedures for pesticide residues analysis in food and feed’ is published on the Commission website (°). () OJL70,16.3.2005,p. 1. (*) Commission Regulation (EC) No 12132008 of 5 December 2008 concerning a coordinated multiannual Community control programme for 2009, 2010 and 2011 to ensure compliance with maximum residue levels of and to assess the consumer exposure to pesticide residues in and on food of plant and animal origin (O] L 328, 6.12.2008, p. 9). () Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 788/2012 of 31 August 2012, concerning a coordinated multiannual control programme of the Union for 2013, 2014 and 2015 to ensure compliance with maximum levels of pesticides and to assess the consumer exposure to pesticide residues in and on food of plant and animal origin (O] L 235,1.9.2012, p. 8). (*) Codex Alimentarius, Pesticide Residues in Food, Rome 1993, ISBN 92-5-103271-8; Vol. 2, p. 372. (®) Document No SANCO[12571/2013 http://ec.europa.eu/food|/plant/plant_protection_products/guidance_documents/docs/qualcontrol_en.pdf Official Journal of the European Union 23.4.2014