25.11.2005 Official Journal of the European Union L 309/9 REGULATION (EC) No 1889/2005 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 26 October 2005 on controls of cash entering or leaving the Community THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Com- munity, and in particular Articles 95 and 135 thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the Commission ('), After consulting the European Economic and Social Commnittee, Acting in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251 of the Treaty (), Whereas: (1) One of the Community’s tasks is to promote harmo- nious, balanced and sustainable development of economic activities throughout the Community by estab- lishing a common market and an economic and mone- tary union. To that end the internal market comprises an area without internal frontiers in which the free move- ment of goods, persons, services and capital is ensured. (2)  The introduction of the proceeds of illegal activities into the financial system and their investment after laun- dering are detrimental to sound and sustainable economic development. Accordingly, Council Directive 91/308/EEC of 10 June 1991 on prevention of the use of the financial system for the purpose of money laun- dering () introduced a Community mechanism to prevent money laundering by monitoring transactions through credit and financial institutions and certain types of professions. As there is a risk that the applica- tion of that mechanism will lead to an increase in cash movements for illicit purposes, Directive 91/308/EEC should be supplemented by a control system on cash entering or leaving the Community. (3) At present such control systems are applied by only a few Member States, acting under national legislation. The disparities in legislation are detrimental to the proper functioning of the internal market. The basic elements should therefore be harmonised at Community level to ensure an equivalent level of control on move- ments of cash crossing the borders of the Community. Such harmonisation should not, however, affect the possibility for Member States to apply, in accordance () O C 227 E, 24.9.2002, p. 574. (*) Opinion of the European Parliament of 15 May 2003 (O] C 67 E, 17.3.2004, p. 259), Council Common Position of 17 February 2005 (O] C 144 E, 14.6.2005, p. 1), Position of the European Parliament of 8 June 2005 and Council Decision of 12 July 2005. () O] L 166, 28.6.1991, p. 77. Directive as amended by Directive 2001/97[EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (O] L 344, 28.12.2001, p. 76). with the existing provisions of the Treaty, national controls on movements of cash within the Community. (4 Account should also be taken of complementary activ- ities carried out in other international fora, in particular those of the Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering (FATF), which was established by the G7 Summit held in Paris in 1989. Special Recommendation IX of 22 October 2004 of the FATF calls on govern- ments to take measures to detect physical cash move- ments, including a declaration system or other disclosure obligation. (5)  Accordingly, cash carried by any natural person entering or leaving the Community should be subject to the prin- ciple of obligatory declaration. This principle would enable the customs authorities to gather information on such cash movements and, where appropriate, transmit that information to other authorities. Customs authori- ties are present at the borders of the Community, where controls are most effective, and some have already built up practical experience in the matter. Use should be made of Council Regulation (EC) No 515/97 of 13 March 1997 on mutual assistance between the administrative authorities of the Member States and cooperation between the latter and the Commission to ensure the correct application of the law on customs and agri- cultural matters (¥). This mutual assistance should ensure both the correct application of cash controls and the transmission of information that might help to achieve the objectives of Directive 91/308/EEC. (6) In view of its preventive purpose and deterrent char- acter, the obligation to declare should be fulfilled upon entering or leaving the Community. However, in order to focus the authorities” action on significant movements of cash, only those movements of EUR 10 000 or more should be subject to such an obligation. Also, it should be specified that the obligation to declare applies to the natural person carrying the cash, regardless of whether that person is the owner. (7)  Use should be made of a common standard for the information to be provided. This will enable competent authorities to exchange information more easily. () OJ L 82, 22.3.1997, p. 1. Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 807/2003 (O] L 122, 16.5.2003, p. 36).