2.7.96 Official Journal of the European Communities No L 163/1 (Acts whose publication is obligatory) COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1257/96 of 20 June 1996 concerning humanitarian aid THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 130w thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the Commission (), Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 189c of the Treaty (3, Whereas people in distress, victims of natural disasters, wars and outbreaks of fighting, or other comparable exceptional circumstances have a right to international humanitarian assistance where their own authorities prove unable to provide effective relief; Whereas civilian operations to protect the victims of fighting or of comparable exceptional circumstances are governed by international humanitarian law and should accordingly be considered part of humanitarian action; Whereas humanitarian assistance encompasses not only relief operations to save and preserve life in emergencies or their immediate aftermath, but also action aimed at facilitating or obtaining freedom of access to victims and the free flow of such assistance; Whereas humanitarian assistance may be a prerequisite for development or reconstruction work and must there- fore cover the full duration of a crisis and its aftermath; whereas, in this context, it may include an element of short-term rehabilitation aimed at facilitating the arrival of relief, preventing any worsening in the impact of the crisis and starting to help those affected regain a minimum level of self-sufficiency; Whereas there is a particular need for preventive action to ensure preparedness for disaster risks and, in conse- () OJ No C 180, 14. 7. 1995, p. 6. () Opinion of the European Parliament of 30 November 1995 (OJ No C 339, 18. 12. 1995, p. 60), Council common position of 29 January 1996 (OJ No C 87, 25. 3. 1996, p. 46) and De- cision of the European Parliament of 21 May 1996 (O] No C 166, 10. 6. 1996). quence, for the establishment of an appropriate early- warning and intervention system; Whereas the effectiveness and consistency of the Community, national and international prevention and intervention systems set up to meet the needs generated by natural or man-made disasters or comparable excep- tional circumstances should therefore be ensured and strengthened; Whereas humanitarian aid, the sole aim of which is to prevent or relieve human suffering, is accorded to victims without discrimination on the grounds of race, ethnic group, religion, sex, age, nationality or political affiliation and must not be guided by, or subject to, political consi- derations; Whereas humanitarian aid decisions must be taken impartially and solely according to the victims’ needs and interests; Whereas close coordination between the Member States and the Commission both at decision-making level and on the ground constitutes the foundation for effective humanitarian action by the Community; Whereas the Community, as part of its contribution to the effectiveness of international humanitarian aid, must endeavour to cooperate and coordinate its action with that of third countries; Whereas, in pursuit of that same objective, criteria should be established for cooperation with non-governmental organizations and the international agencies and organiza- tions specializing in the field of humanitarian aid; Whereas the independence and impartiality of non-go- vernmental organizations and other humanitarian institu- tions in the implementation of humanitarian aid must be preserved, respected and encouraged; Whereas cooperation in the humanitarian sphere should be encouraged between non-governmental organizations in the Member States and other developed countries and their equivalents in the third countries concerned;