21. 8. 85 Official Journal of the European Communities No L 223/15 (Acts whose publication is not obligatory) COUNCIL COUNCIL DIRECTIVE of 10 June 1985 on the mutual recognition of diplomas, certificates and other evidence of formal qualifications in architecture, including measures to facilitate the effective exercise of the right of establishment and freedom to provide services (85/384/EEC) THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Articles 49, 57 and 66 thereof, : Having regard to the proposal from the Commis- sion ('), Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament (3), Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (%), Whereas, pursuant to the Treaty, all discriminatory treatment based on nationality with regard to estab- lishment and provision of services is prohibited as from the end of the transitional period; whereas the resulting principle of non-discriminatory treatment as regards nationality applies inter alia to the grant of any authorization required to take up activities in the field of architecture and also to the registration with or membership of professional organizations or bodies ; Whereas it nevertheless seems desirable that certain provisions be introduced to facilitate the effective exer- cise of the right of establishment and freedom to 1 () OJ No C 239, 4. 10. 1967, p. 15. (?) O] No C 72, 19. 7. 1968, p. 3. () OJ No C 24, 22. 3. 1968, p. 3. provide services in respect of activities in the field of architecture ; Whereas, pursuant to the Treaty, Member States are required not to grant any form of aid likely to distort the conditions of establishment; Whereas Article 57 (1) of the Treaty provides that directives be issued for the mutual recognition of diplomas, certificates and other evidence of formal. qualifications ; Whereas architecture, the quality of buildings, the way they blend in with their surroundings, respect for the natural and urban environment and the collective and individual cultural heritage are matters of public concern ; whereas, therefore, the mutual recognition of diplomas, certificates and other evidence of formal qualifications must be founded on qualitative and quantitative criteria ensuring that the holders of recog- nized diplomas, certificates and other evidence of formal qualifications are able to understand and give practical expression to the needs of individuals, social groups and communities as regards spatial planning, the design, organization and construction of buildings, the conservation and enhancement of the architectural heritage and preservation of the natural balance ; Whereas methods of education and training for those practising professionally in the field of architecture are at present very varied; whereas, however, provision should be made for progressive alignment of education and training leading to the pursuit of activities under the professional title of architect;