In Islam, Ramadan is not only a month of fasting but also a time for giving and charity. Zakat, one of the Five Pillars of Islam, holds immense significance during this sacred period.
As Muslims around the world engage in acts of worship and reflection, understanding the importance of Zakat becomes paramount.
Here are five key facts about Zakat, the obligatory charity in Islam, and its relevance during Ramadan.
Meaning and Purpose of Zakat
Zakat, derived from the Arabic word “zaka,” which means purification or growth, is an obligatory form of almsgiving in Islam. It serves as a means of purifying one’s wealth and sharing blessings with those in need.
The primary purpose of Zakat is to address economic disparity, alleviate poverty, and uphold social justice within the Muslim community.
By fulfilling the obligation of Zakat, Muslims demonstrate their commitment to caring for the less fortunate and fostering solidarity among believers.
Calculation and Eligibility for Zakat
Zakat is typically calculated as 2.5% of one’s accumulated wealth and assets over the course of a lunar year. This includes cash, savings, investments, gold, silver, and other valuables that meet or exceed the Nisab threshold, which is the minimum amount of wealth required for Zakat to be obligatory.
However, certain conditions must be met for an individual to be eligible to pay Zakat. They must be of sound mind, possess wealth above the Nisab threshold, and have ownership of the assets for a full lunar year. Additionally, Zakat is not only obligatory on wealth but also on certain agricultural produce and livestock.
Distribution of Zakat
According to Islamic principles, Zakat must be distributed among specific categories of recipients, as outlined in the Quran (Surah At-Tawbah 9:60).
These categories include the poor (Al-Fuqara), the needy (Al-Masakin), those employed to administer Zakat (Al-‘Amilin), reconciling hearts (Al-Mu’allafatu Qulubuhum), freeing captives/slaves (Fi-Riqab), debtors (Al-Gharimin), and in the cause of Allah (Fi-Sabilillah).
It is recommended to distribute Zakat locally to support the community’s immediate needs, although it can also be given to those in need elsewhere.
A foremost organisation at the helms of distribution of Zakat across Nigeria is Zakat and Sadaqat Foundation, a faith-based non-governmental organisation.
In 2023, the organisation disbursed a sum of N207,807,592 as zakat proceeds to 2,685 beneficiaries across Lagos State alone.
The Executive Director (ED)/Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the Foundation, Prince Sulayman Olagunju disclosed this at the 19th edition of the disbursement ceremony in Lagos.
Timing of Zakat Payment
While Zakat is obligatory throughout the year, Ramadan holds special significance for its payment. Many Muslims choose to fulfill their Zakat obligation during Ramadan due to the increased blessings and rewards associated with charitable acts during this blessed month.
Paying Zakat during Ramadan not only purifies one’s wealth but also amplifies the spiritual benefits of fasting and worship. Additionally, giving Zakat during Ramadan allows beneficiaries to partake in the joyous celebrations of Eid al-Fitr, marking the end of the fasting month.
Impact and Blessings of Zakat
The impact of Zakat extends far beyond the material assistance it provides to those in need. It fosters compassion, empathy, and solidarity within the Muslim community, strengthening the bonds of brotherhood and sisterhood.
Moreover, Zakat carries immense spiritual rewards, with the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) emphasizing its significance in multiple hadiths.
By fulfilling the obligation of Zakat with sincerity and devotion, Muslims not only fulfill a religious duty but also attain spiritual purification and closeness to Allah.
Zakat serves as a cornerstone of Islamic teachings, emphasizing the importance of charity, compassion, and social responsibility. During Ramadan, the significance of Zakat is magnified, offering Muslims an opportunity to purify their wealth, support those in need, and draw closer to their faith.
By understanding and practicing Zakat in accordance with Islamic principles, believers uphold the values of generosity and justice exemplified by the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and contribute to building a more equitable and compassionate society.
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