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| msq   | R Documentation   |
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75 mood items from the Motivational State Questionnaire for 3896 participants
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Description
~~~~~~~~~~~

Emotions may be described either as discrete emotions or in dimensional
terms. The Motivational State Questionnaire (MSQ) was developed to study
emotions in laboratory and field settings. The data can be well
described in terms of a two dimensional solution of energy vs tiredness
and tension versus calmness. Additional items include what time of day
the data were collected and a few personality questionnaire scores.

Usage
~~~~~

::

    data(msq)

Format
~~~~~~

A data frame with 3896 observations on the following 92 variables.

``active``
    a numeric vector

``afraid``
    a numeric vector

``alert``
    a numeric vector

``angry``
    a numeric vector

``anxious``
    a numeric vector

``aroused``
    a numeric vector

``ashamed``
    a numeric vector

``astonished``
    a numeric vector

``at-ease``
    a numeric vector

``at-rest``
    a numeric vector

``attentive``
    a numeric vector

``blue``
    a numeric vector

``bored``
    a numeric vector

``calm``
    a numeric vector

``cheerful``
    a numeric vector

``clutched-up``
    a numeric vector

``confident``
    a numeric vector

``content``
    a numeric vector

``delighted``
    a numeric vector

``depressed``
    a numeric vector

``determined``
    a numeric vector

``distressed``
    a numeric vector

``drowsy``
    a numeric vector

``dull``
    a numeric vector

``elated``
    a numeric vector

``energetic``
    a numeric vector

``enthusiastic``
    a numeric vector

``excited``
    a numeric vector

``fearful``
    a numeric vector

``frustrated``
    a numeric vector

``full-of-pep``
    a numeric vector

``gloomy``
    a numeric vector

``grouchy``
    a numeric vector

``guilty``
    a numeric vector

``happy``
    a numeric vector

``hostile``
    a numeric vector

``idle``
    a numeric vector

``inactive``
    a numeric vector

``inspired``
    a numeric vector

``intense``
    a numeric vector

``interested``
    a numeric vector

``irritable``
    a numeric vector

``jittery``
    a numeric vector

``lively``
    a numeric vector

``lonely``
    a numeric vector

``nervous``
    a numeric vector

``placid``
    a numeric vector

``pleased``
    a numeric vector

``proud``
    a numeric vector

``quiescent``
    a numeric vector

``quiet``
    a numeric vector

``relaxed``
    a numeric vector

``sad``
    a numeric vector

``satisfied``
    a numeric vector

``scared``
    a numeric vector

``serene``
    a numeric vector

``sleepy``
    a numeric vector

``sluggish``
    a numeric vector

``sociable``
    a numeric vector

``sorry``
    a numeric vector

``still``
    a numeric vector

``strong``
    a numeric vector

``surprised``
    a numeric vector

``tense``
    a numeric vector

``tired``
    a numeric vector

``tranquil``
    a numeric vector

``unhappy``
    a numeric vector

``upset``
    a numeric vector

``vigorous``
    a numeric vector

``wakeful``
    a numeric vector

``warmhearted``
    a numeric vector

``wide-awake``
    a numeric vector

``alone``
    a numeric vector

``kindly``
    a numeric vector

``scornful``
    a numeric vector

``EA``
    Thayer's Energetic Arousal Scale

``TA``
    Thayer's Tense Arousal Scale

``PA``
    Positive Affect scale

``NegAff``
    Negative Affect scale

``Extraversion``
    Extraversion from the Eysenck Personality Inventory

``Neuroticism``
    Neuroticism from the Eysenck Personality Inventory

``Lie``
    Lie from the EPI

``Sociability``
    The sociability subset of the Extraversion Scale

``Impulsivity``
    The impulsivity subset of the Extraversions Scale

``MSQ_Time``
    Time of day the data were collected

``MSQ_Round``
    Rounded time of day

``TOD``
    a numeric vector

``TOD24``
    a numeric vector

``ID``
    subject ID

``condition``
    What was the experimental condition after the msq was given

``scale``
    a factor with levels ``msq`` ``r`` original or revised msq

``exper``
    Which study were the data collected: a factor with levels ``AGES``
    ``BING`` ``BORN`` ``CART`` ``CITY`` ``COPE`` ``EMIT`` ``FAST``
    ``Fern`` ``FILM`` ``FLAT`` ``Gray`` ``imps`` ``item`` ``knob``
    ``MAPS`` ``mite`` ``pat-1`` ``pat-2`` ``PATS`` ``post`` ``RAFT``
    ``Rim.1`` ``Rim.2`` ``rob-1`` ``rob-2`` ``ROG1`` ``ROG2`` ``SALT``
    ``sam-1`` ``sam-2`` ``SAVE/PATS`` ``sett`` ``swam`` ``swam-2``
    ``TIME`` ``VALE-1`` ``VALE-2`` ``VIEW``

Details
~~~~~~~

The Motivational States Questionnaire (MSQ) is composed of 72 items,
which represent the full affective range (Revelle & Anderson, 1998). The
MSQ consists of 20 items taken from the Activation-Deactivation
Adjective Check List (Thayer, 1986), 18 from the Positive and Negative
Affect Schedule (PANAS, Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988) along with the
items used by Larsen and Diener (1992). The response format was a
four-point scale that corresponds to Russell and Carroll's (1999)
"ambiguous–likely-unipolar format" and that asks the respondents to
indicate their current standing (“at this moment") with the following
rating scale:
 0—————-1—————-2—————-3
 Not at all A little Moderately Very much

The original version of the MSQ included 70 items. Intermediate analyses
(done with 1840 subjects) demonstrated a concentration of items in some
sections of the two dimensional space, and a paucity of items in others.
To begin correcting this, 3 items from redundantly measured sections
(alone, kindly, scornful) were removed, and 5 new ones (anxious,
cheerful, idle, inactive, and tranquil) were added. Thus, the
correlation matrix is missing the correlations between items 4, 41, and
54 and 71-75.

Procedure. The data were collected over nine years, as part of a series
of studies examining the effects of personality and situational factors
on motivational state and subsequent cognitive performance. In each of
38 studies, prior to any manipulation of motivational state,
participants signed a consent form and filled out the MSQ. (The
procedures of the individual studies are irrelevant to this data set and
could not affect the responses to the MSQ, since this instrument was
completed before any further instructions or tasks).

The EA and TA scales are from Thayer, the PA and NA scales are from
Watson et al. (1988). Scales and items:

Energetic Arousal: Active, Energetic, Vigorous, Wakeful, Wideawake, Full
of Pep, Lively, -sleepy, -tired, - drowsy (ADACL)

Tense Arousal: Intense, Jittery, fearful, tense, clutched up, -quiet,
-still, - placid, - calm, -at rest (ADACL)

Positive Affect: active, excited, strong, inspired, determined,
attentive, interested, enthusiastic, proud, alert (PANAS)

Negative Affect: jittery, nervous, scared, afraid, guilty, ashamed,
distressed, upset, hostile, irritable (PANAS)

The next set of circumplex scales were taken (I think) from Larsen and
Diener (1992). High activation: active, aroused, surprised, intense,
astonished Activated PA: elated, excited, enthusiastic, lively
Unactivated NA : calm, serene, relaxed, at rest, content, at ease PA:
happy, warmhearted, pleased, cheerful, delighted Low Activation: quiet,
inactive, idle, still, tranquil Unactivated PA: dull, bored, sluggish,
tired, drowsy NA: sad, blue, unhappy, gloomy, grouchy Activated NA:
jittery, anxious, nervous, fearful, distressed.

Keys for these separate scales are shown in the examples.

In addition to the MSQ, there are 5 scales from the Eysenck Personality
Inventory (Extraversion, Impulsivity, Sociability, Neuroticism, Lie).
The Imp and Soc are subsets of the the total extraversion scale.

Source
~~~~~~

Data collected at the Personality, Motivation, and Cognition Laboratory,
Northwestern University.

References
~~~~~~~~~~

Rafaeli, Eshkol and Revelle, William (2006), A premature consensus: Are
happiness and sadness truly opposite affects? Motivation and Emotion,
30, 1, 1-12.

Revelle, W. and Anderson, K.J. (1998) Personality, motivation and
cognitive performance: Final report to the Army Research Institute on
contract MDA 903-93-K-0008.
(`http://www.personality-project.org/revelle/publications/ra.ari.98.pdf <http://www.personality-project.org/revelle/publications/ra.ari.98.pdf>`_).

Thayer, R.E. (1989) The biopsychology of mood and arousal. Oxford
University Press. New York, NY.

Watson,D., Clark, L.A. and Tellegen, A. (1988) Development and
validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS
scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6):1063-1070.

See Also
~~~~~~~~

``affect`` for an example of the use of some of these adjectives in a
mood manipulation study.

``make.keys`` and ``score.items`` for instructions on how to score
multiple scales, and ``fa`` and ``fa.extension`` for instructions on how
to do factor analyses or factor extension.

Examples
~~~~~~~~

::

    data(msq)
    #basic descriptive statistics
    describe(msq)

    #score them for 12 short scales
    keys <- make.keys(75,list(
           EA=c(1, 26, 69, 70, 72, 31, 44, -57,-65,-23),
           TA =c(40,43,29, 64, 16, -51, -61,-47, -14, -10),
           PA =c(1,28,62, 39, 21, 11, 41, 27, 49, 3),
           NAf =c(43,46, 55, 2, 34, 7, 22,68,36, 42),
           HAct = c(1,6, 63, 40, 8),
           aPA = c(25, 28, 27,44),
           uNA = c(14, 56, 52, 10, 18, 9),
           pa = c(35,71,48, 15, 19 ),
           LAct = c(51, 38, 37, 61, 66),
           uPA =c(24, 13, 58, 65, 23),
           naf = c(53, 12, 67, 32, 33),
           aNA = c(43, 5, 46, 29, 22))
           )
        
           
    rownames(keys) <- colnames(msq)[1:75]
    msq.scores <- score.items(keys,msq[1:75])

    #show a circumplex structure 
    fcirc <- fa(msq.scores$scores[,5:12],2)  
    fa.plot(fcirc,labels=colnames(msq.scores$scores)[5:12])
    #extend this solution to EA/TA  NA/PA space
    fe  <- fa.extension(cor(msq.scores$scores[,5:12],msq.scores$scores[,1:4]),fcirc)
    fa.diagram(fcirc,fe=fe,main="Extending the circumplex structure to  EA/TA and PA/NA ")

    #show the 2 dimensional structure
    f2 <- fa(msq[1:70],2)
    fa.plot(f2,labels=colnames(msq)[1:70],title="2 dimensions of affect")

    #sort them by polar coordinates
    round(polar(f2),2)
                

