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layout = "bar" with the geom_dotsinterval() family instead of
smooth = "bar" or smooth = "discrete".
Smooths x values where x is presumed to be discrete, returning a new x
of the same length. Both smooth_discrete() and smooth_bar() use the
resolution() of the data to apply smoothing around unique values in the
dataset; smooth_discrete() uses a kernel density estimator and smooth_bar()
places values in an evenly-spaced grid. Can be used with a dotplot
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layout = "bar" with the geom_dotsinterval() family instead of
smooth = "bar" or smooth = "discrete".
Smooths x values where x is presumed to be discrete, returning a new x
of the same length. Both smooth_discrete() and smooth_bar() use the
resolution() of the data to apply smoothing around unique values in the
dataset; smooth_discrete() uses a kernel density estimator and smooth_bar()
places values in an evenly-spaced grid. Can be used with a dotplot
(e.g. geom_dots(smooth = ...)) to create "bar dotplots".
Supports automatic partial function application.'><meta property="og:image" content="http://mjskay.github.io/ggdist/logo.svg"><!-- mathjax --><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/MathJax.js" integrity="sha256-nvJJv9wWKEm88qvoQl9ekL2J+k/RWIsaSScxxlsrv8k=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/config/TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML.js" integrity="sha256-84DKXVJXs0/F8OTMzX4UR909+jtl4G7SPypPavF+GfA=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><!--[if lt IE 9]>
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  <main id="main" class="col-md-9"><div class="page-header">
      <img src="../logo.svg" class="logo" alt=""><h1>Smooth dot positions in a dotplot of discrete values ("bar dotplots")</h1>
      <small class="dont-index">Source: <a href="https://github.com/mjskay/ggdist/blob/HEAD/R/smooth.R" class="external-link"><code>R/smooth.R</code></a></small>
      <div class="d-none name"><code>smooth_discrete.Rd</code></div>
    </div>

    <div class="ref-description section level2">
    <p><strong>Note:</strong> Better-looking bar dotplots are typically easier to achieve using
<code>layout = "bar"</code> with the <code><a href="geom_dotsinterval.html">geom_dotsinterval()</a></code> family instead of
<code>smooth = "bar"</code> or <code>smooth = "discrete"</code>.</p>
<p>Smooths <code>x</code> values where <code>x</code> is presumed to be discrete, returning a new <code>x</code>
of the same length. Both <code>smooth_discrete()</code> and <code>smooth_bar()</code> use the
<code><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/resolution.html" class="external-link">resolution()</a></code> of the data to apply smoothing around unique values in the
dataset; <code>smooth_discrete()</code> uses a kernel density estimator and <code>smooth_bar()</code>
places values in an evenly-spaced grid. Can be used with a dotplot
(e.g. <code><a href="geom_dots.html">geom_dots</a></code><code>(smooth = ...)</code>) to create "bar dotplots".</p>
<p>Supports <a href="auto_partial.html">automatic partial function application</a>.</p>
    </div>

    <div class="section level2">
    <h2 id="ref-usage">Usage<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-usage"></a></h2>
    <div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span><span class="fu">smooth_discrete</span><span class="op">(</span></span>
<span>  <span class="va">x</span>,</span>
<span>  kernel <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/c.html" class="external-link">c</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"rectangular"</span>, <span class="st">"gaussian"</span>, <span class="st">"epanechnikov"</span>, <span class="st">"triangular"</span>, <span class="st">"biweight"</span>,</span>
<span>    <span class="st">"cosine"</span>, <span class="st">"optcosine"</span><span class="op">)</span>,</span>
<span>  width <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">0.7</span>,</span>
<span>  <span class="va">...</span></span>
<span><span class="op">)</span></span>
<span></span>
<span><span class="fu">smooth_bar</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span>, width <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">0.7</span>, <span class="va">...</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code></pre></div>
    </div>

    <div class="section level2">
    <h2 id="arguments">Arguments<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#arguments"></a></h2>
    <dl><dt>x</dt>
<dd><p>a numeric vector</p></dd>


<dt>kernel</dt>
<dd><p>string: the smoothing kernel to be used. This must partially
match one of <code>"gaussian"</code>, <code>"rectangular"</code>, <code>"triangular"</code>, <code>"epanechnikov"</code>,
<code>"biweight"</code>, <code>"cosine"</code>, or <code>"optcosine"</code>. See <code><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/density.html" class="external-link">stats::density()</a></code>.</p></dd>


<dt>width</dt>
<dd><p>approximate width of the bars as a fraction of data <code><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/resolution.html" class="external-link">resolution()</a></code>.</p></dd>


<dt>...</dt>
<dd><p>additional parameters; <code>smooth_discrete()</code> passes these to
<code><a href="smooth_density.html">smooth_unbounded()</a></code> and thereby to <code><a href="density_unbounded.html">density_unbounded()</a></code>; <code>smooth_bar()</code>
ignores them.</p></dd>

</dl></div>
    <div class="section level2">
    <h2 id="value">Value<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#value"></a></h2>
    

<p>A numeric vector of <code>length(x)</code>, where each entry is a smoothed version of
the corresponding entry in <code>x</code>.</p>


<p>If <code>x</code> is missing, returns a partial application of itself. See <a href="auto_partial.html">automatic-partial-functions</a>.</p>
    </div>
    <div class="section level2">
    <h2 id="details">Details<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#details"></a></h2>
    <p><code>smooth_discrete()</code> applies a kernel density estimator (default: rectangular)
to <code>x</code>. It automatically sets the bandwidth to be such that the kernel's
width (for each kernel type) is approximately <code>width</code> times the <code><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/resolution.html" class="external-link">resolution()</a></code>
of the data. This means it essentially creates smoothed bins around each
unique value. It calls down to <code><a href="smooth_density.html">smooth_unbounded()</a></code>.</p>
<p><code>smooth_bar()</code> generates an evenly-spaced grid of values spanning <code>+/- width/2</code>
around each unique value in <code>x</code>.</p>
    </div>
    <div class="section level2">
    <h2 id="see-also">See also<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#see-also"></a></h2>
    <div class="dont-index"><p>Other dotplot smooths: 
<code><a href="smooth_density.html">smooth_density</a></code>,
<code><a href="smooth_none.html">smooth_none</a>()</code></p></div>
    </div>

    <div class="section level2">
    <h2 id="ref-examples">Examples<a class="anchor" aria-label="anchor" href="#ref-examples"></a></h2>
    <div class="sourceCode"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code><span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html" class="external-link">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org" class="external-link">ggplot2</a></span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/Random.html" class="external-link">set.seed</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">1234</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="va">x</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/Poisson.html" class="external-link">rpois</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">1000</span>, <span class="fl">2</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># automatic binwidth in basic dotplot on large counts in discrete</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># distributions is very small</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/ggplot.html" class="external-link">ggplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/aes.html" class="external-link">aes</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">+</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="fu"><a href="geom_dots.html">geom_dots</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-plt img"><img src="smooth_discrete-1.png" alt="" width="700" height="433"></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># NOTE: It is now recommended to use layout = "bar" instead of</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># smooth = "discrete" or smooth = "bar"; the latter are retained because</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># they can sometimes be useful in combination with other layouts for</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># more specialized (but finicky) applications.</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/ggplot.html" class="external-link">ggplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/aes.html" class="external-link">aes</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">+</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="fu"><a href="geom_dots.html">geom_dots</a></span><span class="op">(</span>layout <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"bar"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-plt img"><img src="smooth_discrete-2.png" alt="" width="700" height="433"></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># smooth_discrete() constructs wider bins of dots</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/ggplot.html" class="external-link">ggplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/aes.html" class="external-link">aes</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">+</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="fu"><a href="geom_dots.html">geom_dots</a></span><span class="op">(</span>smooth <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"discrete"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-plt img"><img src="smooth_discrete-3.png" alt="" width="700" height="433"></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># smooth_bar() is an alternative approach to rectangular layouts</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/ggplot.html" class="external-link">ggplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/aes.html" class="external-link">aes</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">+</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="fu"><a href="geom_dots.html">geom_dots</a></span><span class="op">(</span>smooth <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"bar"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-plt img"><img src="smooth_discrete-4.png" alt="" width="700" height="433"></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># adjust the shape by changing the kernel or the width. epanechnikov</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="co"># works well with side = "both"</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span><span class="fu"><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/ggplot.html" class="external-link">ggplot</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/data.frame.html" class="external-link">data.frame</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="fu"><a href="https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/aes.html" class="external-link">aes</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">x</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">+</span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span>  <span class="fu"><a href="geom_dots.html">geom_dots</a></span><span class="op">(</span>smooth <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fu">smooth_discrete</span><span class="op">(</span>kernel <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"epanechnikov"</span>, width <span class="op">=</span> <span class="fl">0.8</span><span class="op">)</span>, side <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"both"</span><span class="op">)</span></span></span>
<span class="r-plt img"><img src="smooth_discrete-5.png" alt="" width="700" height="433"></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
<span class="r-in"><span></span></span>
</code></pre></div>
    </div>
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