@inproceedings{ye-etal-2023-multi,
    title = "Multi-Source Test-Time Adaptation as Dueling Bandits for Extractive Question Answering",
    author = "Ye, Hai  and
      Xie, Qizhe  and
      Ng, Hwee Tou",
    editor = "Rogers, Anna  and
      Boyd-Graber, Jordan  and
      Okazaki, Naoaki",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2023",
    address = "Toronto, Canada",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2023.acl-long.537",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2023.acl-long.537",
    pages = "9647--9660",
    abstract = "In this work, we study multi-source test-time model adaptation from user feedback, where $K$ distinct models are established for adaptation. To allow efficient adaptation, we cast the problem as a stochastic decision-making process, aiming to determine the best adapted model after adaptation. We discuss two frameworks: multi-armed bandit learning and multi-armed dueling bandits. Compared to multi-armed bandit learning, the dueling framework allows pairwise collaboration among $K$ models, which is solved by a novel method named Co-UCB proposed in this work. Experiments on six datasets of extractive question answering (QA) show that the dueling framework using Co-UCB is more effective than other strong baselines for our studied problem.",
}

In this work, we study multi-source test-time model adaptation from user feedback, where $K$ distinct models are established for adaptation. To allow efficient adaptation, we cast the problem as a stochastic decision-making process, aiming to determine the best adapted model after adaptation. We discuss two frameworks: multi-armed bandit learning and multi-armed dueling bandits. Compared to multi-armed bandit learning, the dueling framework allows pairwise collaboration among $K$ models, which is solved by a novel method named Co-UCB proposed in this work. Experiments on six datasets of extractive question answering (QA) show that the dueling framework using Co-UCB is more effective than other strong baselines for our studied problem.
Ye, Hai Xie, Qizhe Ng, Hwee Tou
Multi-Source Test-Time Adaptation as Dueling Bandits for Extractive Question Answering