The government has been criticised for its counter-terrorism strategy in schools.
The government has been criticised for its counter-terrorism strategy in schools.
The government has been criticised for its counter-terrorism strategy in schools.
The government has been criticised for its counter-terrorism strategy in schools.
The government has been

A nursery suggested referring a four-year-old boy to a de-radicalisation programme after he mispronounced the word "cucumber", it is alleged.

Article: Drivers from West of Scotland Heavy Haulage won praise on social media after being filmed navigating a tiny bridge in Dumfries and Galloway.
Landscape gardener Dabby McCreadie captured their skills when police stopped him as the convoy passed Bargrennan Bridge near Newton Stewart.
"They do a brilliant job transporting these loads safely," said Dabby.
"These drivers make two or three trips a week down to the wind farm," he added.
"The loads can be up to 68m long. They have a steersman who operates the back end by remote as the driver can't see it."
The blades were being transported to Scottish Power's Kilgallioch wind farm.
Dabby's video has been viewed more than 40,000 times since he posted it to his Facebook page.
It was filmed at the same spot where a wind turbine lorry caught fire in August this year.

Summary: It can be tight squeeze on Scotland's rural roads, but imagine doing it with a wind turbine blade in tow.
###
Article: Casey Scott, 29, of Drummond Road, Skegness, strangled and stabbed Lenuta Haidemac, 28, after asking her to come to the address.
Ms Haidemac, who was a sex worker, was found dead on the bathroom floor of Scott's flat.
Scott, who had previously pleaded guilty to her murder, was sentenced at Lincoln Crown Court.
Ms Haidemac had been living in Boston, Lincolnshire, with her partner and their two children since moving to the UK in 2015.
Judge Michael Heath told Scott he killed Ms Haidemac in a "brutal" manner and ordered him to serve 19 years imprisonment before he can be considered for parole.
Det Ch Insp Diane Coulson said: "Casey Scott has never accounted for his actions so we may never know what led to Lenuta's brutal killing.
"Whatever happened that day, it left a family grieving the loss of a much-loved young woman."

Summary: A man who murdered a woman in a "brutal" attack has been jailed for life with a minimum term of 19 years.
###
Article: Concerns were raised after the youngster drew a picture of a man cutting the vegetable.
Staff in Luton told the child's mother they believed he was saying "cooker bomb" instead of "cucumber".
The case was sent to a police and social services panel instead of de-radicalisation scheme Channel.
It decided not to take further action.
The boy's mother, who has not been named to protect her son's identity, concluded the confusion was due to the way her son pronounced the word.
"She (the member of nursery staff) kept saying it was this one picture of the man cutting the cucumber....which she said to me is a 'cooker bomb', and I was baffled," she told the BBC Asian Network.
Read this and more stories from Beds, Bucks and Herts
She said she feared her children would be taken away from her and added: 'But I haven't done anything wrong... It was a horrible day."
Teachers and public service workers have a legal obligation to report any concerns of extremist behaviour to the authorities since July.
Just under 2,000 under-15s were referred between January 2012 and December 2015.
Teaching unions say there is confusion over the government's counter-terrorism strategy in schools.
Alex Kenny from the National Union of Teachers said: "Teachers are scared of getting it wrong.
"They think Ofsted is going to criticise them if they haven't reported these things, and you end up [with] the boy making the spelling mistake, or the boy saying something in Arabic - that then gets reported on."
The Department for Education said its counter-terrorism strategy Prevent is "entirely consistent" with schools' responsibilities and "good schools would already be safeguarding children from extremism".

Summary:


The new library opened in 1974 and was once described by Prince Charles as looking like "a place where books are incinerated, not kept".
Three libraries have stood on the site since 1865. Now, demolition work has begun to make way for the Paradise Circus development.
The new library in Centenary Square was designed

A British man has been been questioned in Peru after posing naked at the Machu Picchu ruins, local police have said.

Article: The deal aims to limit greenhouse gas emissions and keep global temperature increases "well below" 2C.
It was approved with 610 votes in favour, 38 against and with 31 abstentions.
The vote, attended by UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon, paves the way for the pact to come into force globally.
The deal on Tuesday means national ministers can now ratify the agreement on behalf of the EU later this week.
To become operational, the treaty needs at least 55 countries representing at least 55% of global emissions to complete all the steps.
"With the action taken by the EU parliament, I am confident that we will be able to cross the 55% threshold very soon, in just a matter of a few days," Mr Ban said.
"I am extremely honoured to be able to witness this historic moment," he added.
The Paris deal has raced through the UN ratification process in double-quick time. It took eight years to get the previous Kyoto Protocol agreed â€’ and that was nowhere near as comprehensive.
That is good news for the climate. Further positive news is that renewable energy is plummeting in cost, so the burden faced by nations turning away from fossil fuels is not so great.
The bad news, however, is that politicians in Paris have admitted that the targets set for curbing emissions are not tough enough.
Coal-fired power stations are still being built at a furious pace in developing countries, even as rich nations turn away from the energy source.
The Paris agreement sets an aim ideally for a maximum rise in global temperatures of 1.5C. But scientists have warned that action has been delayed for so long that there is now a need to develop ways of actually sucking CO2 out of the air.
Follow Roger on Twitter @rharrabin
The agreement comes after India, one of the world's largest greenhouse gas emitters, became the latest country to ratify the deal on Sunday.
As a so-called "mixed" agreement, the climate deal requires approval at both EU and national level. But on 30 September EU environment ministers agreed to fast-track it, meaning the deal...

Summary: The European Parliament has backed the ratification of the Paris climate deal, paving the way for the world's first global agreement.
###
Article: The old library officially opened in 1974 and was once described by Prince Charles as looking like "a place where books are incinerated, not kept".
Three libraries have stood on the site since 1865. Now, demolition work has begun to make way for the Paradise Circus development.
The new library in Centenary Square was designed by Dutch architects Mecanoo and opened on 3 September 2013.
September 1865 - Birmingham's first public library opened to great acclaim
January 1879 - Fire significantly damaged the building and contents
June 1882 - A rebuilt library reopened along with new donations
1938 - The council approved the building of a new library but war postponed the plans
1960 - The Birmingham Mail reported the library was struggling to look after 750,000 books in a building designed to hold 30,000
June 1970 - The foundation stone of a new library was laid on the same site as the old one
Mid 1973 - The new building, designed by Birmingham's John Madin, was ready and in use
January 1974 - The library was officially opened by the Prime Minister Harold Wilson
Early 2000 - The council identified major problems with the 1970s building
September 2006 - Centenary Square was revealed as the location for the new library
August 2008 - Architects Mecanoo were appointed
April 2009 - The new Library of Birmingham design was revealed
November 2009 - The Culture and Tourism Minister decided not to give the old Central Library listed status
December 2012 - Demolition of the old Central Library was agreed by the council
June 2013 - The library closes to readers with more than 400,000 books being transferred
August 2013 - The reception at the old Central Library will close
September 2013 - The new Â£190m Library of Birmingham opened
December 2015 - Demolition work began on Birmingham Central Library

Summary: After 40 years, Birmingham Central Library closed to the public on 29 June 2013, ahead of the opening of a new Â£190m library.
###
Article: Adam Burton, 23, and a French tourist were caught posing naked on Wednesday by surveillance workers and were removed from the Unesco World Heritage site, Cusco police said.
A police spokesman told the Press Association the pair were questioned over minor offences "against morality".
The Foreign Office said it was in contact with the Peruvian authorities.
It is understood the men have not been arrested or charged.
A Foreign Office spokesman said: "We are in contact with local authorities in Peru following an incident involving a British national in Machu Picchu."
Surveillance was increased at Machu Picchu in March 2014 after nude photos and streaking became increasingly common at the site.
The Machu Picchu citadel, built by the Inca Empire in the 15th Century, stands at 2,430m (7,972ft) above sea level.
Hundreds of thousands of tourists visit the site, which is one of Peru's main tourist attractions, each year.
In June, four tourists who posed naked on a mountain in Malaysia, including one Briton, were given jail sentences of three days for causing a public nuisance.

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Barclays bank has paid a further $100m (£77m) to settle a claim by 44 US states that it rigged the Libor rate system between 2005 and 2009.

Article: The deal will give Yandex full access to public data from users in Russia, Turkey and CIS countries including Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan.
The data includes users' posts and comments on them. Profiles or posts set to "private" will not be searchable.
The move is expected to help Yandex improve search results and boost traffic on Facebook in Russia.
"In the near future, Yandex's search results will display not only Facebook users' posts but also others' comments on them," Yandex said in a statement.
"Users can find out what those on the social network are saying about the current headline news events, for example, or the latest movies."
Facebook, the world's biggest social networking site, trails domestic players in the Russian market.
The firm has been making a push to boost its presence in emerging markets as it looks to sustain the high level of user growth amid growing competition.
Yandex, which is the leading search engine in Russia, said that it would take into consideration the popularity of things on Facebook while ranking search results.
It said that getting full access to the social network's public data meant that "Facebook will be better represented in Yandex's search results".
"We see one of our key tasks as being the creation of social search services, using content from all the popular social networks in equal measure.
"This would allow a user to find an old friend without having to register on every single social network one after another," it added.
Yandex did not disclose the value of the deal, but various reports indicated that it did not involve any cash.

Summary: Facebook has agreed a deal to share public data from its users with Yandex - Russia's largest search engine.
###
Article: Darren Newlands, 28, was sentenced to eight years in prison and his co-accused Michael McKenzie, 26, to six years and 10 months.
Both men were also ordered to be monitored in the community for two years after their release.
They were convicted after a trial at the High Court in Glasgow of stabbing Taroon Miankhail on the head and body.
They robbed the driver of Â£60 at Startpoint Street, Glasgow, on 15 October 2015.
The pair were also found guilty of assaulting another taxi driver by presenting a knife at him hours earlier at Cruachan Road, Glasgow.
Judge Lord Ericht said: "You have been convicted of assault with a knife on a private taxi driver and later that day a second driver sustained knife wounds.
"You have an appalling record for crimes of violence and knife crime."

Summary: Two men who stabbed a taxi driver and forced him to hand over his takings have been jailed.
###
Article: Libor - or London inter-bank offered rate - is used by banks to set the cost of lending money to each other.
The New York attorney-general, Eric Schneiderman said government bodies and not-for-profit organisations had been defrauded of millions of dollars.
The Libor scandal has already cost Barclays $453m.
That sum was paid to the US Justice Department, the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission and the UK's Financial Services Authority in 2012.
As part of the latest legal settlement, Barclays admitted what had already been firmly established; that some of its dealers rigged Libor rates in a system of mutual back-scratching between 2005 and 2009.
Mr Schneiderman said: "There has to be one set of rules for everyone, no matter how rich or how powerful, and that includes big banks and other financial institutions that engage in fraud or impair the fair functioning of financial markets."
Other banks that have reached settlements with the US authorities in similar Libor cases include UBS, which paid $1.5bn (£940m), RBS, Deutsche Bank and ICAP.
But Mr Schneiderman said Barclays was the first bank to settle cases brought by individual US state authorities.
For its part, Barclays said it was "pleased" to have settled this latest legal threat in the US.
"We believe this settlement is in the best interests of our shareholders and clients," it said.

Summary:


The government has been working to improve the quality of life of the UK's population, and the government has been working to improve the quality of life of the UK's population.
The government has been working to improve the quality of life of the UK's population, and the government has been working to improve the quality of

Boys should receive a cancer vaccine - already given to young girls - to stop them developing strains of the disease, experts have said.

Article: It had been arguing with parent firm, Govia Thameslink Railway (GTR), over driver-only operated (DOO) trains.
Members of the drivers' union rejected the deal by 54.1% to 45.9%. The turnout was 72.7%.
Under the proposed agreement, Southern would have been able to run trains without a guard or onboard supervisor under certain circumstances.
Mick Whelan, general secretary of Aslef, said: "We understand and support the decision arrived at democratically by our members and will now work to deliver a resolution in line with their expectations."
Live updates: Southern strike and Sussex news
David Sidebottom, of independent watchdog Transport Focus, said: "The hope that services would improve on Southern has now been dashed for their passengers.
"They have had enough of the on-going industrial action. They have faced months of lost time, lost money and deep frustration at not being able to rely on the trains.
"It is vital that all parties in this dispute get back around the table to bring the services back to normal as soon as possible."
Nick Brown, GTR's chief operating officer, said: "Naturally we're saddened and hugely disappointed, as will be our passengers, with today's decision by drivers, particularly as the agreement carried the full support and recommendation of the Aslef leadership.
"We now need to understand the issues which led to this outcome and we'll be seeking to meet with the union as soon as possible to see how we can agree a way forward."
Why is there a Southern rail strike?
The dispute centres on Southern's decision to turn guards into on-board supervisors.
In this role they would no longer be responsible for opening and closing carriage doors - this duty would become the responsibility of the driver.
The dispute began in April when conductors - who are members of the RMT union - first took industrial action.
Aslef members first walked out over the plans in December, leading to the cancellation of all Southern services.
Aslef leaders announced they had reached a deal with GTR on 2 February...

Summary: Aslef members have rejected a deal with Southern rail that would have ended a long-running industrial dispute.
###
Article: A survey of 198 employers in the UK indicated, for graduates, being good at communicating, a team player, confident and analytical were all more important than having technical knowledge.
But this changed after two years in the job, when firms said knowledge was increasingly important.
The Confederation of British Industry (CBI) supported the findings.
"Technical knowledge" was ranked 24th out of 30 competencies desired by employers at the recruitment stage, in the research, carried out by education provider Kaplan.
But after two years of employment, the importance of technical knowledge rose to second place.
Stuart Pedley-Smith, head of learning in the UK at Kaplan, said: "On the whole, we found that the employers we surveyed do not recruit graduates for the subject-specific nature of what they learned at university."
He said employers saw a university degree as proof that graduates had reached a certain level of competence.
Mr Pedley Smith added: "There is a well-known saying within recruitment - 'Recruit for attitude and train for skill.'"
Employers were happy to provide training for the more technical areas, he said.
Rob Wall, CBI head of education and employment policy, said: "The UK is facing a growing skills gap, so we must have an education system that better prepares young people for the world of work.
"That means not only do they need higher skills, but the character, determination and ability to communicate effectively and help forge successful careers."
Mr Wall said the CBI had found 89% of British firms had regarded attitudes to work and character as the most important factor when recruiting graduates.

Summary: Employers prefer "soft" skills rather than technical knowledge in graduates they are recruiting, a study suggests.
###
Article: Scientists and charities say the human papilloma virus (HPV) jab will protect them from head and neck cancers.
HPV is sexually transmitted and girls aged 12 and 13 receive the vaccine to protect them against cervical cancer.
The Welsh government said it is waiting for advice from the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation.
Charities including Tenovus Cancer Care and organisations such as BMA Cymru and Cardiff University's HPV research team will deliver a letter to the Welsh government on Monday calling for the vaccination to be rolled out.
They told BBC Radio Wales' Eye on Wales programme the number of head and neck cancer cases are increasing.
Dr Mererid Evans, consultant oncologist at Velindre Hospital in Cardiff, said: "I've seen a difference in demographics over the last ten years.
"These are younger people with families, and three-quarters of those affected are men. The average age is 55 and most are non-smokers."
Jon Antoniazzi, from Tenovus Cancer Care, added: "HPV causes 5% of the global cancer burden.
"What the Welsh government could be doing right now is taking a progressive step to stem the tide of these cancers, and show that it really takes the public health of its citizens seriously.
"We urge them to diverge from central thinking and vaccinate boys now."
In 2008, a vaccination programme was rolled out in schools and 85% of girls in Wales have been vaccinated.
The Welsh government said: "We will await the committee's recommendations and will consider the implications for Wales of any proposed changes to the HPV vaccination programme."

Summary:


The Dumfries site was closed last year despite a local campaign for its retention.
A report to Dumfries and Galloway Council said the new service was proving of a "high standard".
However, it said changes to IT systems meant "direct performance comparisons" were not possible.
The report also revealed

A report has found the police control room service has "performed well" after closing its Dumfries site and moving provision to Glasgow and Motherwell.

Article: Pre-tax profits in the year to 30 September fell 27.9% to £495m, but it was in line with a warning given last month. Passenger numbers rose 6.6%.
Sterling's weakness, the impact on air travel of terror attacks, and air traffic control strikes hit trade.
Easyjet also confirmed it is setting up a continental-based airline ahead of the UK's exit from the EU.
Although passenger numbers rose 6.6% to 73.1 million, revenues fell 0.4% to £4.67bn as the airline cut fares.
Easyjet's chief executive, Carolyn McCall, told the BBC that the rise in passengers and an increase in the load factor - the airline's ability to fill seats - showed that there was no lack of demand.
But the carrier had suffered a series of "external shocks", she said. These included the impact on air travel of terror attacks across Europe, Egypt and Tunisia, air traffic control strikes in France and political turmoil in Turkey.
The airline has also been hit by sterling's sharp depreciation since the Brexit referendum. In the face of these issues, "EasyJet achieved a resilient performance," she said.
Ms McCall also confirmed that Easyjet is in the process of setting up a separate airline based on the European mainland, in readiness for when the UK leaves the EU.
Current EU flying rights might have to be renegotiated and the new company would ensure Easyjet could operate within the EU.
She said: "We are not saying there will be no agreement. We just don't know the shape or form. We don't have the luxury of waiting. But we have to take control of our own future."
There was no question of job cuts or moving from the current headquarters at Luton, she said. It was about registering aircraft and "securing flying rights".
Easyjet has built its success on flights from the UK to Europe, and now the company is poised to make a trip of its own to the Continent. To get round the regulatory complications of Britain's Brexit vote, it has to set up an organisation majority-owned and controlled by nationals and organisations inside the European Union.
Many had...

Summary: Easyjet's profits have tumbled during what the airline described as a year of "significant challenges".
###
Article: Antimatter particles are the "mirror image" of normal matter, but with opposite electric charge.
How antimatter responds to gravity remains a mystery, however; it may "fall up" rather than down.
Now researchers reporting in Nature Communications have made strides toward finally resolving that notion.
Antimatter presents one of the biggest mysteries in physics, in that equal amounts of matter and antimatter should have been created at the Universe's beginning.
Yet when the two meet, they destroy each other in what is called annihilation, turning into pure light.
Why the Universe we see today is made overwhelmingly of matter, with only tiny amounts of antimatter, has prompted a number of studies to try to find some difference between the two.
Tests at Cern's LHCb experiment and elsewhere, for example, have been looking for evidence that exotic particles decay more often into matter than antimatter.
Last week, the LHCb team reported a slight difference in the decay of particles called Bs mesons - but still not nearly enough to explain the matter mystery.
One significant difference between the two may be the way they interact with gravity - antimatter may be repelled by matter, rather than attracted to it.
But it is a difference that no one has been able to test - until the advent of Cern's Alpha experiment.
Alpha is an acronym for Antihydrogen Laser Physics Apparatus - an experiment designed to build and trap antimatter "atoms".
Just as hydrogen is made of a proton and an electron, antihydrogen is an atom made of their antimatter counterparts antiprotons and positrons.
The trick is not just in making it, but in making it hang around long enough to study it - before it bumps into any matter and annihilates.
In 2010 the Alpha team did just that, and in 2011 they showed they could keep antihydrogen atoms trapped for 1,000 seconds.
The team has now gone back to their existing data on 434 antihydrogen atoms, with the antigravity question in mind.
"In the course of all the experiments, we release (the antihydrogen...

Summary: Researchers at Cern in Switzerland have tested a novel way to find out if antimatter is the source of a force termed "antigravity".
###
Article: The south of Scotland facility shut last year despite a local campaign for its retention.
A report to Dumfries and Galloway Council said the new service was proving of a "high standard".
However, it said changes to IT systems meant "direct performance comparisons" were not possible.
The Dumfries site was the first of a number of control centres across Scotland to be shut as part of plans to modernise the service.
The union Unison described it as a "sad day" for the town and more than 30 staff involved.
A review of its impact has claimed that many figures could not be directly compared between the old service and the new one.
It did find satisfaction levels were "consistently above 90%".
The report also revealed that just nine out of the 34 staff affected now remained with Police Scotland.
It concluded that the public and police officers in Dumfries and Galloway had benefited from the larger operating model and more modern IT systems.
Although it had been a "significant change", the report's verdict was that it had performed "to the satisfaction of the public".
What do you think? Have you phoned the police control room service since the Dumfries site was closed? Has it performed well? Email your thoughts todumfries@bbc.co.uk

Summary:


The number of homeless people in Scotland has fallen slightly in recent years, data obtained by the BBC through the Freedom of Information Act show.

You might have heard of pirates finding treasure - but real people don't find it anymore, right?

Article: The value of sales increased by 0.6% on the previous quarter, but were flat over the year.
Sales volumes rose 0.8% in the second quarter and grew by 2.4% annually.
Scotland was slightly ahead of the rest of Britain in volume terms for the quarter but lagged just behind in value, according to Retail Sales Index figures from the chief statistician.
Sales at large retail businesses, those with at least 250 employees, which account for about 70% of retail industry sales, remained at the same level, with no growth during April to July compared with the previous quarter.
Small and medium stores, which account for the remaining 30% of sales, saw an increase in sales volumes of 1.5%.
Deputy First Minister John Swinney said the figures showed a "positive picture".
He added: "We are working hard to support Scotland's retailers, with the most competitive business tax environment anywhere in the UK, with 96,000 properties across all sectors of the Scottish economy paying zero or reduced business rates.
"There is positive business survey evidence and wider consumer sentiment which suggests a continued positive outlook for retail sales in Scotland."
The Scottish Retail Consortium said the resumption of growth in retail sales in the second quarter was "heartening".
Director David Lonsdale added: "However, with the value of retail sales over the past year as a whole decidedly flat, this suggests a continuing fragility to consumer confidence in Scotland, despite lower prices in shops and average pay rises outstripping inflation.
"The prospects for retailers are ultimately determined by the state of the economy and their own ability to adapt and seize on the opportunities that arise.
"However, these figures do bring into sharp focus big upcoming decisions which could affect disposable incomes and take home pay, notably the setting of the new Scottish Rate of Income Tax in next month's Scottish Budget and the unveiling this autumn of the promised replacement of council tax."

Summary: Retail sales in Scotland rose slightly in the second quarter of this year, according to new figures.
###
Article: In that time the annual cost has risen 43%, with councils spending £851m on temporary housing in 2015 alone.
Homeless charity Crisis said the number of people in temporary accommodation was rising at an "alarming rate".
The government said temporary housing "ensures people have a roof over their head".
But the Local Government Association said the costs were "unsustainable".
Temporary accommodation is provided to households that councils accept are homeless, but the criteria for who is eligible varies between nations.
This includes bed and breakfasts, hostels and private rented accommodation.
Most of the cost - and the increase - has occurred in the overheated London housing market, figures obtained by the BBC through the Freedom of Information Act show.
Almost two thirds of the £3.5bn (61%) has been spent in the capital, while 85% of the increase in costs since 2011-12 also occurred there.
Just 10 London boroughs accounted for two thirds of the total increase in spending over the past four years.
Scotland spent more on temporary accommodation (£750m) than England when London is excluded (£578m).
Lucy Surridge has spent nine weeks living in a hostel in Dagenham, east London, with her 11-year-old daughter and six-year-old son.
A full-time school chef, she was made homeless when her landlady sold the property.
The 29-year-old approached several estate agents but they told her she would need to earn £38,500 before they would consider renting to her.
She was told she would also need £3,500 in deposit, fees and the first month's rent.
"I think everyone thinks 'it'll never happen to me'.
"I made sure I paid all my bills on time - I wasn't in any arrears for anything.
"But even that didn't secure me from being evicted and having nowhere else to go. You get priced out of being able to move on."
Total spending by Scottish councils has remained fairly constant since 2011-12, at around £150m a year.
While the number of homeless people in Scotland has fallen slightly in recent years, a lack of stock is leaving families...

Summary: Councils in Britain have spent more than £3.5bn on temporary accommodation for homeless families in the last five years, data obtained by the BBC shows.
###
Article: 26 April 2017 Last updated at 08:41 BST
Well actually they do - and treasure has been found in pretty unexpected places.
Whitney's had a look at some of the biggest hauls.

Summary:


The jury found that the Hillsborough victims were unlawfully killed and there were a number of failures including errors from South Yorkshire Police, the South Yorkshire Ambulance Service and defects in the stadium contributed to the deaths.
The jury found that the Hillsborough victims were unlawfully killed and there were a number of failures from South Yorkshire

DNA matching two men accused of throwing acid at the face of a Scottish Sun journalist was found on items at the scene, a court has heard.

Article: Hundreds of record highs are expected to fall on Christmas Eve and Christmas Day across eastern parts of the US and Canada, with temperatures forecast as high as 77F (25C) in Georgia, 75F further north in Washington, and 15C (59F) in Toronto.
While the East enjoys spring-like warmth, forecasters predict heavy snow across the West while tornadoes have been reported as a storm system crosses parts of the South.
In a reversal of a traditional Christmas, forecasters expect temperatures in New York to be several degrees higher than in Los Angeles.
70F (21C)
Forecasted temperature for Christmas Eve in New York
75F (24C) Forecast for Washington on Christmas Eve
69F Previous daily record (1933)
59F (15C) Forecast for Portland, Maine on Christmas Eve
53F Previous daily record (1957)
Bruce Bombara, a construction worker who was wearing a t-shirt outside Penn Station in Manhattan, told the BBC that he was freezing this time last year. "I think it's great that there's no snow - I love it. It lingers too long. I'll take the rain over snow any day."
"Oh God this time last year I remember it was cold and dry," said Lillian White as she waited for a cab. "No, I don't miss the snow. I don't miss the inconvenience of it - especially from last year. I do miss the snowflakes though."
But for Montana Cole, a student originally from Chicago who was wearing a sweatshirt and shorts, the unseasonable weather in New York felt all wrong.
"I think snow is a lot better than this rain. I grew up with seeing snow at this time of the year. Right now it doesn't really feel like Christmas."
And it's not just the holiday week that's been warmer than usual - it's been an unseasonably warm month across North America.
More than 2,500 record daily highs and 30 monthly records have already been tied or broken across the US after a wave of extremely warm temperatures earlier in December.
In Washington, the iconic spring cherry blossoms have begun blooming again, while in Buffalo, in upstate New York, the first measurable snowfall arrived very late...

Summary: In the movies, New York is always cold and covered in snow at Christmas - but this season it's an unseasonably warm and wet wonderland.
###
Article: The jury concluded the 96 fans who died as a result of a crush at the Liverpool v Nottingham FA Cup semi-final on 15 April 1989 were unlawfully killed.
They found that a number of failures including errors from South Yorkshire Police, the South Yorkshire Ambulance Service and defects in the stadium contributed to the deaths.
What happens next for those involved in the UK's worst sporting disaster?
Two criminal investigations have been taking place during the Hillsborough inquests.
Operation Resolve and the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) launched inquiries after the publication of the Hillsborough Independent Panel's (HIP) report in 2012.
It raised questions about the policing of Hillsborough and presented evidence of a cover-up to shift blame on to Liverpool fans.
Operation Resolve is investigating the causes of the disaster including the events on the day and those leading up to it.
It is looking at a range of organisations and bodies involved in the preparation and planning of the match.
The IPCC is looking into police actions in the aftermath of the Hillsborough disaster.
It is considering offences including perverting the course of justice, perjury, and misconduct in a public office.
Operation Resolve's areas of investigation include:
It is also examining the actions of South Yorkshire Police, but this is being carried out by the IPCC to provide "oversight and scrutiny" to "ensure independence".
On Operation Resolve's behalf, the IPCC will review:
The IPCC has a number of allegations to consider to form the basis of its decisions.
They are:
Operation Resolve is re-examining documents and data collected from various sources.
They include the original police investigation, the coroner's inquest, a public inquiry, private prosecution, a judicial review and the HIP.
The IPCC has so far taken hundreds of statements from police officers.
Jurors at the Hillsborough inquests concluded the 96 Hillsborough victims were unlawfully killed and there were a number of failings from South Yorkshire...

Summary: After more then two years of evidence, the Hillsborough inquests jurors presented their conclusions to the relief of families who felt vindicated after a campaign lasting 27 years.
###
Article: Forensic expert Susan Williamson was giving evidence at the trial of William Burns and Alexander Porter, who deny attacking Russell Findlay.
The High Court in Glasgow heard she examined a jacket, mail bag, a knife and a jar that had contained acid.
The jury was told DNA matching Mr Burns was found on the jacket.
Prosecutor Richard Goddard asked Miss Williamson: "When you examined the jacket you obtained a DNA profile which matched William Burns," and she replied: "Yes."
Ms Williamson told the court that she also examined the handle of the knife found at the scene and said the major DNA contributor was Mr Porter.
The court was told the odds on the DNA belonging to anyone else not related to the men was a billion to one.
Defence counsel Susan Duff, representing Mr Porter, said: "There are a number of ways DNA could have got there," and Ms Williamson said: "Yes."
As well as working for the Sun newspaper, Mr Findlay is the author of books about Glasgow crime gangs.
Mr Findlay has already given evidence alleging that a man claiming to be a postman came to his door at 08:30 on 23 December 2015.
The journalist said the man, whom he identified as Burns, threw liquid onto the right side of his face and right eye.
The jury has heard from an eye specialist that Mr Findlay's sight could have been saved by a neighbour dousing is face with water.
Mr Burns, 56, and Mr Porter, 48, also deny attempting to murder Ross Sherlock by shooting at him repeatedly near St Helen's Primary School in Bishopbriggs on 24 September 2015.
The trial before Judge Sean Murphy QC continues.

Summary:


The Trams have been running since the mid-19th century, and the Trams have been running since the mid-19th century.

The reintroduction of trams to Birmingham will "give the city a network to rival the best", a transport official has said.

Article: New York University's Jerry Hultin lists 10 "green future" priorities - such as green energy and innovation - as key areas to ensure future growth.
He also wants to see a system to accelerate the time it takes for ideas to appear in the marketplace.
Mr Hultin outlined his priorities at a high level forum in San Francisco.
"Young people are very excited about the chance to make the world a better place," explained Mr Hultin, who was under-secretary of the US Navy during Bill Clinton's presidency.
"The clock is ticking as far as population growth, consumption etc is concerned. We need to come up with solutions.
"As an under-secretary for the navy and thinking about the stability and defence of the world, solving this challenge is a great opportunity for young people around the world."
Mr Hultin's 10 priorities include:
He said conventional fuel would be one of the "three big things" that will be in short supply in the future.
"Food, fuel and [water] are going to be in short supply when the population rises to nine or 10 billion people by 2050," he told BBC News.
"So green energy, both in terms of how you create it and how you use it, is a critical issue.
"In the United Arab Emirates, there is a lot of interest in green energy because they do not want to consume  what is their most valuable source of revenue, which is oil and gas.
"They want to be sure that they have alternative ways to generate and use energy."
Networking key
Mr Hultin will be among speakers at the High Level Forum on Green Future in San Francisco, organised by the Global Science and Innovation Advisory Council (GSIAC) - a joint initiative between the Malaysia Industry-Government Group for High Technology and the New York Academy of Sciences (NYAS).
Malaysia's Prime Minister, Najib Abdul Razak, will be among the speakers at the event.
Mr Hultin identified an area that he felt needed to be unlocked in order for emerging economies to advance.
"The key that I think it missing to (unlock) innovative economies and societies is networking and...

Summary: In order to move up the world's financial rankings, emerging economies need to prioritise green growth, a US expert on the topic says.
###
Article: The Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) has confirmed an earlier decision that the company should not run its MyFerryLink service from Dover.
Spokesman Alasdair Smith said it was the CMA's view that current competition on the ferry route was unsustainable.
MyFerryLink said it disagreed with the CMA and would appeal. Sailings would continue beyond summer, it added.
Mr Smith said the CMA had jurisdiction over Eurotunnel's move to buy three ferries that had belonged to the former SeaFrance operation.
He said two other Dover-Calais operators were making losses and any exit of a competitor would leave My FerryLink as one of only two ferry operators, in addition to the competing rail link.
He said Eurotunnel's purchase of the ferries meant it had more than half the market and its share could still rise.
It would be better for passengers and freight operators to have three competing operators which would be Eurotunnel's rail link and two independent ferry operators, he said.
But he added the CMA would not stop Eurotunnel finding an independent purchaser to buy and run its ferry service.
"We are conscious of the potential effect of our decision on the jobs of the MyFerryLink workers," he said. "However, there will also be job losses if MyFerryLink remains on the route and another operator leaves."
Mr Smith, CMA Panel deputy chairman, said Eurotunnel would have six months to stop ferries in order to reduce disruption and uncertainty for customers.
'Bad for consumers'
MyFerryLink said it disagreed with the CMA on a number of points, including that it did not consider the CMA had jurisdiction to review the transaction as a matter of UK merger law.
It said the CMA's decision would reduce choice and was bad for consumers, competition and all involved in cross-Channel operations - including staff, customers and Dover and Calais.
"Given that any appeal is unlikely to be finally determined until much later this year at the earliest, we would like to reassure our loyal customers that we will continue to operate our full...

Summary: Cross-Channel rail operator Eurotunnel has been banned from operating a ferry service it started two years ago.
###
Article: Trams ran in the city between 1904 and 1953 before being replaced by buses.
In December, they returned to the streets with the opening of the Midland Metro service - the first part of a Â£128m project.
Once complete, trams from Wolverhampton will continue in to Birmingham, terminating at New Street station.
Roger Lawrence, chairman of the West Midlands Integrated Transport Authority said: "This is an opportunity to expand. Not just into the city centre but out to the airport.
"We will have a network to rival the best ones, like Manchester and Nottingham and even south London. Our network will equal those".
At its peak, the original tram network ran 230 million passenger journeys every year from Yardley to Dudley, and from Erdington down to the Lickey Hills.
Elsie Field, now 91, began working on the trams as a conductress when she was 18. Part of her job was using a pole to connect the tramcar to the overhead power lines.
She said although she was short-sighted she was "too proud to wear her glasses, so the connection was sometimes a bit hit-and-miss".
Tram enthusiast Geoffrey Claydon grew up in Birmingham and said he was disappointed when his regular commute was replaced by a bus service.
"I said why have the trams gone and was told 'Oh, they're old fashioned'. From that moment I thought I would be very supportive of trams, I would do my best to try and keep them where I can for the rest of my life".
When working as a government lawyer, Mr Claydon helped design the Transport and Works Act of 1992, which paved the way for the Midland Metro Line.
"I can now feel quite smug. It was an immense satisfaction that I've lived long enough to see trams back and the poor souls who got rid of them have been proved wrong".
Inside Out West Midlands has a full report on the history and reintroduction of trams in Birmingham on BBC One, Monday at 19:30.

Summary:


The Royal Family's finances have been cut by the ECB's budget, which has been cut by the ECB's budget.
The ECB's budget has been cut by the ECB's budget, which has been cut by the ECB's budget.
The ECB's budget has been cut by the ECB's budget.
The

A letter written by the Queen revealing how she and Prince Philip first fell in love attracted "furious" bidding as it smashed pre-auction estimates.

Article: It expects inflation in the eurozone to remain "very low" for some years as threats to economic growth increase.
ECB president Mario Draghi said Europe's economic recovery would continue, "albeit at a somewhat weaker pace than expected".
The euro fell sharply as Mr Draghi also hinted that the bank could expand its stimulus programme if necessary.
He was speaking after the ECB kept its main interest rate on hold at 0.05%.
The ECB is now forecasting economic growth in the eurozone of 1.4% in 2015, down from 1.5%, and 1.7% in 2016, compared with its previous projection of 1.9%.
However, Mr Draghi said that risks to the outlook for economic growth and inflation had worsened since mid-August, when the latest projections were calculated.
"Lower commodity prices, a stronger euro, somewhat lower growth, have increased the risk to a sustainable path of inflation towards 2%," he told a news conference in Frankfurt.
The euro fell sharply following Mr Draghi's comments, dropping a cent against the dollar to $1.1127.
He also admitted that inflation could turn negative in the coming months.
The bank expected inflation to be 0.1% for 2015, rising to 1.5% in 2016 and 1.7% in 2017, dampened by lower energy prices.
The ECB made no change to its bond-buying programme, but Mr Draghi said it could be extended beyond its planned conclusion in September 2016 if necessary.
What was the (not very) coded message in Mario Draghi's remarks? That the ECB's Governing Council is very uneasy that inflation remains too low and is not responding as quickly as hoped to the quantitative easing programme launched earlier this year.
It was also clear that the ECB was ready to strengthen the programme by running it for longer - it is planned to run until September next year - spending more each month on it, or by buying a wider range of assets.
It all depends on the economic data - essentially whether it looks like inflation is going to get back to the target of below or close to 2%. It remains way below that figure and is not getting closer, so...

Summary: The European Central Bank (ECB) has cut its inflation and growth forecasts for 2015 and the next two years.
###
Article: But the figures from National Records of Scotland showed there was wide variation across the country in the length of time people live.
They also showed that people in the most deprived areas died sooner.
East Dunbartonshire had the highest life expectancy in Scotland, while the lowest was in Glasgow.
The figures, which covered 2011-13, showed:
Tim Ellis, National Records of Scotland chief executive, said: "This report shows that life expectancy continues to vary widely across Scotland.
"People living in rural areas, in general, live longer than those in more urban areas.
"Men in the least deprived areas of Scotland may live 12.5 years longer than those in the most deprived areas while women in the least deprived areas could expect to live 8.5 years longer than those in the most deprived."

Summary: Life expectancy for men and women in Scotland has risen to between 76 and 80 in the last few years, according to new official figures.
###
Article: It was written to author Betty Shew by the 21-year-old princess in 1947, months before her marriage.
The two-page note describes how the couple met, were chased by a photographer in Prince Philip's sports car and danced at London nightclubs.
It was given a pre-auction estimate of £800 to £1,200 but sold for £14,400.
Describing it as a "fantastic result", Richard Edmonds of the Chippenham Auction Rooms in Wiltshire said: "It was quite an honour to be able to sell such an important document, particularly as the country is celebrating the Queen's 90th birthday.
"The bidding was both online and over eight phone lines. It was pretty fast and furious. At times our internet connection looked like it was lighting up."
The identity of the buyer has not been disclosed.
The then Princess Elizabeth agreed to share the details of her relationship with Philip, for a royal wedding souvenir book being written by Mrs Shew.
In the letter, written in ink on white paper adorned with the royal crest, the princess recalls how she met Prince Philip at the age of 13, describes his love of fast cars and how the couple danced at nightclubs Ciro's and Quaglino's in London.
The future Queen also writes about her wedding ring, which she says will be made of Welsh gold.
She and Prince Philip married in November 1947 at Westminster Abbey, the same location as her coronation in June 1953.

Summary:


The prime minister has entered a row between Corby by-election candidates over the future of a hospital, amid claims it could be downgraded in a healthcare review.

Article: When the Changleng twins, David and Malcolm, were calling it a day, she was busy forming a girls' team at her high school on the banks of the River Dee.
And when her mentor and boss, Dave Pearson, was hanging up his whistle, she was a self-confessed terrier scrum-half in the national youth ranks, yapping and snarling and, on occasion, mouthing off at the men in the middle.
Had her shoulder not had the unfortunate knack of dislocating, she might well be part of Shade Munro's impressive transformation of the Scotland women's team, rather than the latest in a new clutch of young and ambitious Scottish Rugby referees.
"I was one of those little nines and 10s who gave the ref some gyp," Davidson laughs. "I did two seasons at Scotland Under-20s, then the summer I graduated to the senior set-up I dislocated my shoulder again the week before I was supposed to win my first cap.
"I saw rugby sevens was an Olympic sport, and decided to give refereeing a go. Injury probably pushed it faster than I'd anticipated, but it's definitely a way to stay involved in the sport."
Of Scottish Rugby's five contracted referees, Davidson, now 24, is the first woman, following counterparts such as England's Sara Cox, or Amy Perrett of Australia, in packing in the day job, and going full-time.
She cares little for the gender distinction, but hopes her appointment will serve notice to those who struggle to marry the abrasiveness and attrition of the game with any lingering perceptions of what it is to be feminine.
"Male players almost feel a bit like, there's a woman on the park, they have to be a bit more courteous," she says.
"I guess it's good for the game that they're being courteous, but it should be no different to if it was a guy refereeing.
"Instead of comments being made - 'oh, it's a female referee'  you turn up, do the exact same thing as a guy, and leave. There's no extra limelight on you just because you're a female."
The adjustment from the brink of a senior cap to novice arbiter brought unexpected challenges.
Davidson had...

Summary: Hollie Davidson was nine years old when the great Jim Fleming, Scottish rugby's last regular representative at the sharp end of elite refereeing, brought his career to a close.
###
Article: Auctioneer Andrew Aldridge said the Spillers and Bakers Pilot cracker, from a survival kit in a lifeboat, was "the world's most valuable biscuit".
It was bought by a collector in Greece.
A photograph purporting to show the iceberg that sank the ill-fated liner sold at the same auction for £21,000. The picture was taken by a steward on another ship which passed the iceberg.
Mr Aldridge said they were among the most "collectible and iconic" Titanic items to be sold.
The auction, at Henry Aldridge & Son in Devizes, Wiltshire, also saw a "loving cup" presented to the captain of the Carpathia, which came to the Titanic's aid, also sell for £129,000 to a UK collector.
It was given to Captain Arthur Rostron by survivor Molly Brown, paid for by donations from wealthy passengers after the disaster.
Mr Aldridge said the price paid for the cup made it the third most valuable item associated with the Titanic story to have ever been sold.
He said: "The interest in the items reflected the worldwide nature of Titanic memorabilia. They captured collectors' imagination".
The biscuit was saved by James Fenwick, a passenger on the Carpathia which picked up Titanic survivors.
He kept it in an envelope complete with original notation, "Pilot biscuit from Titanic lifeboat April 1912".
RMS Titanic had been four days into a week-long Transatlantic crossing from Southampton to New York when the supposedly "unsinkable" ship struck the iceberg on 14 April 1912.
The ship sank less than three hours later at around 02:20 on 15 April.
The photograph was captured the day after the luxury liner sank in the Atlantic, killing more than 1,500 people.
It was taken by the chief steward of steamer the Prinz Adalbert, who was at the time unaware of the tragedy that had occurred the previous day.
It comes with a previously unpublished statement from the photographer, who describes seeing scrapings of red paint on the side.
The estimated guide price had been between £10,000 and £15,000.
Mr Aldridge described it as an "incredibly fascinating relic of...

Summary: A biscuit which had been aboard a lifeboat on the Titanic has sold at auction for £15,000.
###
Article: Labour argues that Kettering General Hospital could lose services, but this has been rejected by the Conservatives, Liberal Democrats and UKIP.
In Parliament, David Cameron said Labour was not telling the truth.
The NHS has told the BBC the hospital will not be downgraded.
An NHS consultation has started into the organisation of five hospital and clinical commissioning groups, in Northamptonshire, Milton Keynes and Bedfordshire.
The hospitals included in the review are Kettering - which is used by people living in Corby - Northampton, Milton Keynes, Luton and Dunstable, and Bedford.
The review looks at the option of providing "specialist centres for some services where this will improve quality".
At Prime Minister's Questions, Conservative MP for North West Leicestershire Andrew Bridgen asked the prime minister about concerns that Labour was running a negative campaign over the future of Kettering hospital.
Mr Cameron said: "Labour MP after Labour MP is trouping up to Corby and claiming this hospital is not safe and they know this is simply not true.
"This hospital is being invested in by this government, unlike the party opposite."
On a visit to the constituency on Tuesday to support Labour candidate Andy Sawford, shadow health secretary Andy Burnham said: "You clearly can't believe a word the Tories say on the NHS.
"Here in Corby and East Northamptonshire, ministers have failed to provide all the details about plans to downgrade services at Kettering.
"Local people should be given all the facts."
The United Kingdom Independence Party candidate Margot Parker said: "I live in the constituency. I live next to a nurse. I speak to local people. We know there is no truth in this at all.
"It is political football of the worst kind. It is a shabby load of nonsense and scaremongering."
Jill Hope, who is standing for the Lib Dems, has described the claims as "totally irresponsible", while Tory candidate Christine Emmett has said she has received assurances about the future of the hospital.
The by-election was sparked...

Summary:


The discovery of a new star in the constellation of the Milky Way is a good bet in the search for extra terrestrial intelligence (Seti), research suggests.

A third man has been jailed for murdering a flight attendant who was bludgeoned with a hammer and buried in a concrete tomb.

Article: The standardised average price of a home in the region is almost £117,000 - that is 7% higher than a year ago.
Figures issued through the Department of Finance show all areas of Northern Ireland, except mid-Ulster, saw a rise in the latest quarter (July - Sept).
Between 2005 and 2007, Northern Ireland house prices doubled before collapsing, reaching a low point in early 2013.
However, the market has been in recovery mode since then. Prices are still about 40% below what they were before the crash.

Summary: House prices in Northern Ireland continue to increase, according to the latest official figures.
###
Article: Because of their abundance of stars, these "globular clusters" were an early favourite in the Seti field.
But recent efforts to scour the sky for planets orbiting alien stars have had little success within star clusters.
Now, two astronomers say there is good reason to keep up the search.
Rosanne Di Stefano from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, US, and Alak Ray from the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in India, have described what they call the "globular cluster opportunity".
At an average age of 10 billion years (much wrinklier than the Sun, at four billion), globular clusters don't have many young stars, rich in the metallic elements needed to build planets.
But Dr Di Stefano, speaking in Florida at the 227th meeting of the American Astronomical Society, pointed out that recent discoveries had placed exoplanets - especially small, rocky ones like Earth - around stars much less metal-rich than our Sun.
"When Seti first started in 50s and 60s, we didn't even know if there were exoplanets," she told reporters at the meeting.
"Now we can use the information that we've gleaned from other planet discoveries - and there are over 2,000 planets known today - to ask, is it likely that they'd be in globular clusters."
Dr Di Stefano also pointed to the remarkable example of PSR B1620-26 b, sometimes called "Methuselah". It is the only exoplanet so far detected orbiting a star - or in its case, two stars - within a globular cluster.
"I think most of us would say that the discovery of that one, bizarre planet indicates that there must be other planets in that cluster," she said.
Furthermore, Drs Di Stefano and Ray have identified a "sweet spot" in the dimensions of globular clusters.
Because most of their stars are old, cool red dwarfs, any habitable planets would have to huddle in very close orbits to sustain liquid water.
Staying wet, however, isn't the only challenge for a life-bearing planet in a crowded cluster. A ball of a million stars just 100 light years across is a raging turmoil of...

Summary: Ancient, tightly packed clumps of stars found at the fringe of the Milky Way are a good bet in the search for extra terrestrial intelligence (Seti), research suggests.
###
Article: Frenchman Christophe Borgye's remains were found at a property in Ellesmere Port, Merseyside, in 2013 - four years after he was reported missing.
Manuel Wagner, 29, has been found guilty of murder and sentenced to a minimum jail term of 16 years following a trial at Liverpool Crown Court.
Two other men were convicted in 2014.
Mr Borgye, 36, was killed in May 2009 and buried in the outbuilding of the house he shared with German national Wagner and fellow Frenchmen Sebastian Bendou and Dominik Kocher.
Bendou contacted Cheshire Police in May 2013 and led officers to Mr Borgye's body, which was wrapped in tarpaulin and encased in thick concrete.
Officers said a low brick wall had been built inside the outhouse with three layers of concrete placed over the body.
A post-mortem examination found My Borgye died from hammer blows to the head.
He had been reported missing by a work colleague, but after launching an investigation police said they believed he had left the country.
Det Sgt Steve Currie said the case had been "complicated" and "devastating" for Mr Borgye's family, but added "the final jigsaw piece in this shocking crime is now in place".
Wagner was previously found not guilty of assisting an offender and preventing a lawful burial.
However, was re-arrested in 2015 when new evidence came to light.
Bendou, now 39, and Kocher, now 38, were given life sentences for murder with minimum terms of 14 and 23 years respectively in 2014.

Summary:


A patient evicted from hospital after spending more than two years in a bed "declined" all options offered, a council has said.

Article: Two of those mentioned are senior advisers to the king.
The cable was sent to Washington in January this year by the then American ambassador in Bangkok.
The ailing 83-year-old King Bhumibol Adulyadej is the world's longest-reigning current head of state.
The reverence in which the monarch is held is invariably evident whenever and wherever he appears in public.
Crown Prince Vajiralongkorn is in his late fifties.
The ambassador's cable quotes alleged conversations with General Prem Tinsulanonda, the head of the privy council, a former prime minister, Anand Panyarachun, and Air Chief Marshall Siddhi Savetsila.
It says all three had quite negative comments about  the crown prince and two of them - while asserting that the crown prince will become king - implied that the country would be "better off if other arrangements could be made".
The cable also cited concerns about the crown prince's private life.
The ambassador's conclusion in the cable is that "on the two most difficult and sensitive issues of the day in Thailand - [ousted Prime Minister] Thaksin [Shinawatra] and the monarchy - the Thai elite appear as unsure about the future as any other sector of society".
He says the stakes are significant for all sides.
Analysts point out that these views are reported in a cable sent at the start of what has been one of the most turbulent years in Thailand's recent history.
Dr Tim Forsyth, an East Asia expert from the Development Studies Institute at the London School of Economics, told the BBC:
"The Wikileaks cables certainly give the impression that the members of the privy council of Thailand are concerned about the suitability of the crown prince. Of course these cables are unconfirmed and it is very difficult for outside people to comment on it.
"But it does seem to suggest that some of the origins of the political problems in Thailand over the last few years are somehow connected to this worry about what will happen to the monarchy.
Dr Forsyth said some people in Thailand had told him that the 2006 coup which...

Summary: A leaked US diplomatic cable obtained by the Wikileaks website says three influential figures in Thailand expressed concerns about the prospect of the crown prince becoming king.
###
Article: The right to select their next leader is a key part of citizenship, they heard, as photos were shown of the three men running to become the city's next chief executive.
After the lecture, the students returned to their classrooms, where everyone took turns using computers to cast votes for the three candidates - Henry Tang, CY Leung or Albert Ho - as part of a city-wide mock election.
Hong Kong residents do not yet have the right to directly select their top official, but the desire for universal suffrage is strong, according to students and teachers at Fung Kai, one of the biggest schools in Hong Kong.
Eunice Leung, 16, is sharply critical of the current system, in which fewer than 1,200 electors largely loyal to Beijing will choose the Chinese city's top official on 25 March.
"They are given the right to choose the chief executive, but the decision they are going to make cannot represent all Hong Kong people. That's why it is a very unfair election," she said, after casting her vote.
Though it was meant to be a secret ballot, Ms Leung revealed she voted for Mr Ho, chairman of the Democratic Party, whose main platform is universal suffrage.
Because of his outspoken pro-democracy stance, Mr Ho is widely seen as being unacceptable to Beijing.
His two rivals are more familiar to the establishment.
Two systems
When Hong Kong rejoined China in 1997 after 150 years as a British colony, certain rights and freedoms not granted on the mainland were guaranteed here.
Among them was the right to elect the chief executive, a position roughly equivalent to mayor of Hong Kong, China's most international city and a global financial powerhouse.
But Beijing has dragged its heels on actually giving Hong Kong citizens that right.
Robert Chung, an influential pollster who organised the city-wide popular vote, said the desire for universal suffrage has been whipped up even more by a series of embarrassing scandals revealed during two months of campaigning.
"As it turns out, the election is getting more and more exciting. The...

Summary: In an airy auditorium at Fung Kai Number One Secondary School in Hong Kong, about 900 students sat and listened as one of their teachers gave them a civics lesson.
###
Article: Adriano Guedes, 63, who was paralysed by a stroke in 2008, was admitted to the James Paget Hospital in Gorleston, Norfolk, in 2014.
He was evicted two weeks ago after the hospital obtained a court order and is now in a council flat in Suffolk.
It was granted as Mr Guedes repeatedly turned down offers of care and housing.
In a statement, Suffolk County Council - which is responsible for his care since he left hospital - said it had worked "extensively" with the patient, along with other agencies.
"We explored all options available, but they were declined by him," it said.
"We will continue to work with our partners and Mr Guedes to ensure he continues to receive appropriate levels of care and support."
On Tuesday, Mr Guedes told the BBC the hospital had "forced" him to to stay.
He said: "It's very bad to occupy a place which should be used by someone in need, but I didn't cause the situation. On the contrary - I tried to get out of there.
"I wanted to leave but they always offered what they knew I would refuse."
Mr Guedes said he had been admitted to hospital on mental health grounds.
He said he has been on a hunger strike since he left on 10 January.
It is understood he is visited by carers four times a day in his new home.

Summary:


The Chinese government has put a major focus on cutting the attainment gap between rich and poor, and increasing the number of Scots from the worst-off communities making it to university.

Asian markets headed lower after a survey of China's manufacturing sector indicated it is shrinking at the fastest pace for six-and-a-half years.

Article: Mike Johnson said the elite Fife institution had outreach programmes which connected with local communities.
Recent figures showed that the number of 18-year-olds from Scotland's poorest areas going to university was down.
Mr Johnson said a good university needed "diversity of thought" from its "diversity of students".
The admissions' director was speaking to BBC radio presenter Bill Whiteford who was hosting Thursday's Good Morning Scotland programme from St Andrews, Scotland's oldest university.
Mr Johnson said: "We meet our funded places allocation with Scottish students, we cannot go above that cap but we always meet that number in terms of Scottish students.
"What we want to see is the diversity of the student, wherever that student comes from.
"It shouldn't be seen as some charitable venture at universities - this is about the diversity of a student bringing diversity of thought, we want many world views.
"When students are in tutorials we want them to come from different backgrounds, this is good for universities, there is no doubt about that."
The Scottish government has placed a major focus on cutting the attainment gap between rich and poor, and increasing the number of Scots from the worst-off communities making it to university.
However, some politicians and education experts believe the cap on funded university places needs to be lifted if the system is going to target poorer students without impacting on the wider student population.
Convenor of Universities Scotland, Andrea Nolan, told the programme it was important to give "as many opportunities as we can to people who we believe have the potential and the ability to succeed".
She explained "In Scotland we have a fixed number of places for Scottish and EU domicile students and as we seek to widen access to people from communities that are underrepresented at universities that is going to put pressure in a fixed system."
Ms Nolan said lifting the cap on places was one way of "expanding the system".
She added: "There are other ways where we can...

Summary: The head of admissions at the University of St Andrews said it had a good "student diversity" policy without having to be a "charitable venture".
###
Article: Instead, a study concluded, the only way to prevent a hangover is to drink less alcohol.
More than 800 students were asked how they tried to relieve hangover symptoms, but neither food nor water was found to have any positive effect.
The findings are being presented at a conference in Amsterdam.
A team of international researchers from the Netherlands and Canada surveyed students' drinking habits to find out whether hangovers could be eased or if some people were immune to them.
Among 826 Dutch students, 54% ate food after drinking alcohol, including fatty food and heavy breakfasts, in the hope of staving off a hangover.
With the same aim, more than two-thirds drank water while drinking alcohol and more than half drank water before going to bed.
Although these groups showed a slight improvement in how they felt compared with those who hadn't drunk water, there was no real difference in the severity of their hangovers.
Previous research suggests that about 25% of drinkers claim never to get hangovers.
So the researchers questioned 789 Canadian students about their drinking in the previous month and the hangovers they experienced, finding that those who didn't get a hangover simply consumed "too little alcohol to develop a hangover in the first place".
Of those students who drank heavily, with an estimated blood alcohol concentration of more than 0.2%, almost no-one was immune to hangovers.
According to lead author Dr Joris Verster, from Utrecht University, the relationship was pretty straightforward.
"The more you drink, the more likely you are to get a hangover.
"Drinking water may help against thirst and a dry mouth, but it will not take away the misery, the headache and the nausea."
Dr Verster said part of the problem was that scientists still do not know what causes a hangover.
"Research has concluded that it's not simply dehydration - we know the immune system is involved, but before we know what causes it, it's very unlikely we'll find an effective cure."
He said the next step was to carry out more...

Summary: Raiding the fridge or downing glasses of water after a night of heavy drinking won't improve your sore head the next day, Dutch research suggests.
###
Article: The preliminary Caixin manufacturing purchasing managers' index (PMI) fell to 47 in September, below forecasts of 47.5 and down from 47.3 in August.
A reading below 50 indicates contraction in the sector, while one above shows expansion.
The Shanghai Composite dropped 2.2% to 3,115.89 on the disappointing data.
The private survey also marked the seventh consecutive month of contraction in the sector.
In Hong Kong, the Hang Seng index closed down 2.3% at 21,302.91.
Japanese markets are closed for a three-day public holiday and will reopen on Thursday.
In Australia, shares in mining companies were hit by falling commodity prices.
Oil prices continued to decline after US crude fell 2% overnight on global growth concerns, while copper prices slipped further on slowing Chinese demand.
Sydney's S&P/ASX 200 index closed down 2.1% at 4,998.10.
In South Korea, the Kospi index ended 1.9% lower at 1,944.64 following the release of the data from China.

Summary:


The artificial intelligence system - LipNet - watches video of a person speaking and matches the text to the movement of their mouths with 93% accuracy, the researchers said.
Automating the process could help millions, they suggested.
But experts said the system needed to be tested in real-life situations.
"Machine

Scientists at Oxford University have developed a machine that can lip-read better than humans.

Article: Widow Una Crown was found in her Magazine Lane home in Wisbech on 13 January. She had been stabbed and her body was burned.
A 58-year-old man was arrested in Wisbech earlier this week on suspicion of murder.
He has been released on bail pending further inquiries.
Mrs Crown was last seen alive on the morning of 11 January, but had spoken to a friend by telephone on the afternoon of the following day.

Summary: A man arrested on suspicion of murdering an 86-year-old woman found stabbed to death in her Cambridgeshire home has been released on bail.
###
Article: New forensic analysis on the teeth of the unidentified "Isdal woman" found chemical traces which may tell investigators where she grew up.
The results narrow the search to an area along the French-German border.
The case received fresh impetus after journalists from Norway's national broadcaster NRK began an inquiry.
The NRK team, which has been researching the case for over a year, hailed the new information as a "major breakthrough".
And a scientist at the Norwegian Criminal Investigation Service (Kripos) said the results were "much more specific than I could have dreamed of".
The unusual circumstances surrounding the case, and speculation over her mysterious past, have made it an enduring popular mystery for 46 years.
Someone had cut the labels off her clothes, and scraped distinctive marks off her belongings - as if to stop her from being identified.
And as police started investigating her death, they uncovered a trail of coded messages, disguises, and fake identities - but never cracked the case.
Forty-six years later, Norwegian police and NRK journalists have decided to reopen the investigation.
This is the story of the Isdal Woman - and the perplexing trail of clues she left behind.
NRK's investigation discovered the Isdal woman's jaw had been preserved in a forensic archive - opening up the chance that modern scientific methods could reveal more about her origins.
Investigators at Kripos and University of Bergen started an isotope analysis on her teeth - looking at the chemical "signature" left as her teeth were being formed.
It is the first time Norwegian police have used the technique - but the findings have been so specific they may now make it much easier to find people who knew the woman.
"It's actually quite a narrowed-down area that she most probably originated from," associate professor Jurian Hoogewerff at the University of Canberra in Australia - an expert in the technique - told NRK (in Norwegian).
Past analysis of her DNA and handwriting has already suggested the Isdal woman may have come...

Summary: Scientists believe they may have made a major breakthrough in efforts to solve a decades-long mystery of a burned body found in Norway 1970.
###
Article: The artificial intelligence system - LipNet - watches video of a person speaking and matches the text to the movement of their mouths with 93% accuracy, the researchers said.
Automating the process could help millions, they suggested.
But experts said the system needed to be tested in real-life situations.
Lip-reading is a notoriously tricky business with professionals only able to decipher what someone is saying up to 60% of the time.
"Machine lip-readers have enormous potential, with applications in improved hearing aids, silent dictation in public spaces, covert conversations, speech recognition in noisy environments, biometric identification and silent-movie processing," wrote the researchers.
They said that the AI system was provided with whole sentences so that it could teach itself which letter corresponded to which lip movement.
To train the AI, the team - from Oxford University's AI lab - fed it nearly 29,000 videos, labelled with the correct text. Each video was three seconds long and followed a similar grammatical pattern.
While human testers given similar videos had an error rate of 47.7%, the AI had one of just 6.6%.
The fact that the AI learned from specialist training videos led some on Twitter to criticise the research.
Writing in OpenReview, Neil Lawrence pointed out that the videos had "limited vocabulary and a single syntax grammar".
"While it's promising to perform well on this data, it's not really groundbreaking. While the model may be able to read my lips better than a human, it can only do so when I say a meaningless list of words from a highly constrained vocabulary in a specific order," he writes.
The project was partially funded by Google's artificial intelligence firm DeepMind.

Summary:


The fire department is now investigating the situation.
The fire department is investigating the situation.
The fire department is investigating the situation.
The fire department is investigating the situation.
The fire department is investigating the situation.
The fire department is investigating the situation.
The fire department is investigating the situation.

Thirty homes had to be evacuated after a gas pipe was damaged in a fire that was started deliberately.

Article: The state department says the agency supports or participates in a programme of coercive abortion or involuntary sterilisation in China.
But the UNFPA says this is an "erroneous claim", and that its work does not break any US laws.
In total $32.5m (Â£26m) in funds will be withdrawn for the 2017 financial year.
This is the first of the promised cuts to US financial contributions to the UN by the Trump administration.
Saving Mosul's mothers-to-be
The UNFPA, like other UN agencies, is funded by governments voluntarily.
In 2015, it received $979m in donations, with the US being its fourth-largest donor.
Earlier this year, President Donald Trump reinstated a ban on US funding of any international organisation that provided any kind of abortion service or advice.
The state department referred to the presidential directive from January and a provision called the Kemp-Kasten Amendment in its statement on Monday.
"This determination was made based on the fact that China's family planning policies still involve the use of coercive abortion and involuntary sterilisation, and UNFPA partners on family planning activities with the Chinese government agency responsible for these coercive policies," the state department said.
The UNFPA calls those claims "erroneous" and says that "all of its work promotes the rights of individuals and couples to make their own decisions, free of coercion or discrimination".
It says its programmes have saved the lives of tens of thousands of women. Its works include:
The UN Population Fund has often been the target of conservative Republican administrations, the BBC's Nada Tawfik in New York reports. Presidents Ronald Reagan, George HW Bush and George W Bush withheld funding for the same reason.
The money that had been allocated to the UNFPA for the fiscal year 2017 will be "transferred and reprogrammed to the Global Health Programs account," the state department said.
The account will be used by the US Agency for International Development (USAID) to support family planning, maternal and...

Summary: The US says it is withdrawing funding for the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), an agency that promotes family planning in more than 150 countries.
###
Article: The move follows years of briefings by the police and security sources which said that while dissidents had a high level of intent to mount attacks outside Northern Ireland, they lacked the capacity or capability to do so.
That has now changed.
The Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) warned earlier this year that dissidents have shown a range of capabilities over the past 18 months which they described as deeply concerning.
These include the use of home made bombs, referred to by the police as Improvised Explosive Devices, improvised rocket launchers, close quarter shootings, and under vehicle bombs.
While the government announces updates on threat levels, the assessment is made by the security service MI5, with input from the PSNI.
This recalibration of the threat level clearly suggests they believe dissidents are actively planning to exploit their increased capabilities by exporting them to Great Britain, and that they have the capacity to do so.
No organisation was named in a written statement about the increased threat level by Home Secretary Theresa May on Wednesday, but it is understood this assessment reflects concerns about the activities of the group widely referred to as the New IRA.
It was formed in the summer of 2012, from the amalgamation of a number of dissident organisations.
The group killed prison officer Adrian Ismay using an under car bomb in March.
In a statement to the BBC at the time it warned that further attacks would follow.
Increasing the threat level from "moderate" to "substantial" means the likelihood of an attack in Great Britain has gone up from "possible but not likely" to "a strong possibility".
It does not mean MI5 has intelligence which suggests that a dissident republican attack on a target in England, Scotland or Wales is about to take place some time soon.
If that was the case, the threat level would have been raised to "severe", which means an attack is regarded as "highly likely."
The threat level dissidents pose in Northern Ireland has been characterised as...

Summary: The escalation of the level of threat dissident republicans pose to potential targets in Great Britain means that the security service MI5 believes their capacity and capability has grown significantly.
###
Article: Firefighters were called to the scene in Craigton Place, Winchburgh, at about 01:30 after a wheelie bin was set on fire.
The bin had been resting against the house, which caused the fire to take hold quickly.
Firefighters swiftly extinguished the blaze, when it was discovered that a gas pipe had been damaged in the fire.
Thirty homes in the area were evacuated, with 38 residents temporarily housed at a local community centre.
They were eventually allowed to return home at about 06:30.
'Young children'
Police are treating the blaze as wilful fire-raising and appealed for information about the West Lothian incident.
They are keen to trace anyone who may have seen someone in the area just before the bin was set alight.
Det Con Adrian Wallis said: "This was a serious incident which could have had devastating consequences.
"It also resulted in the evacuation of over 30 people, including young children and elderly residents. This caused much alarm and upset to those who had to leave their homes in the middle of the night.
"Anyone who saw anything suspicious at around 01:00, or has any other information regarding this incident, is asked to contact us immediately."

Summary:


The police chief, who is also a member of the police force, has been accused of being a "sexist".
The police chief, who is also a member of the police force, has been accused of being a "sexist".
The police chief, who is also a member of the police force,

Brazil's interim President Michel Temer has called an emergency meeting of state security ministers after a gang rape of a teenage girl in Rio de Janeiro triggered wide condemnation.

Article: The Londoner's role was announced on BBC One during half time of the FA Cup semi-final match between Everton and Manchester United.
Mackie, 28, replaces Jenna Coleman, whose character Clara Oswald left the show in 2015.
Filming for the next series of the long-running science fiction show will start this year but air in 2017.
Mackie, who graduated from Bristol Old Vic Theatre School in 2010, played Anne-Marie Frasier in Doctors in 2014 and is currently performing in the National Theatre's West End production of The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night Time.
"I'm incredibly excited to be joining the Doctor Who family," she said. "It's such an extraordinary British institution, I couldn't be prouder to call the Tardis my home."
She added: "Peter Capaldi is such a brilliant actor, and his Doctor is such a wacky and wonderful character, I can't wait to see what adventures are in store for him and Bill throughout time and space."
Mackie said her new character "Bill" was "wicked", describing her as "cool, strong, sharp, a little bit vulnerable with a bit of geekiness thrown in".
Capaldi said: "It is a genuine delight to welcome Pearl Mackie to Doctor Who. A fine, fine actress with a wonderful zest and charm, she's a refreshing addition to the Tardis and will bring a universe of exciting new possibilities to The Doctor's adventures."
Doctor Who, which was first shown in 1963, is heading for its 10th season since it was reintroduced to schedules in 2005 after a gap of nine years.
Coleman joined the show in 2012, and starred alongside two Doctors, Matt Smith and Capaldi, the 12th Doctor who joined in 2014.
She asked to be written out and left to take on the role of Queen Victoria in a major ITV drama series.
In January, it was announced that the head writer and executive producer of Doctor Who, Steven Moffat, was stepping down from the show.
The next series will be his last, after which he will be replaced by Broadchurch writer Chris Chibnall.

Summary: Pearl Mackie has been named as the new Doctor Who companion alongside Peter Capaldi's Time Lord in the Tardis.
###
Article: Anne Longfield says the current system can add to the trauma for children, with some facing hostile cross-examination by defence lawyers.
She wants to use "children's houses" - a system pioneered in Iceland - where complainants have a single interview.
She is due to meet with police and crime commissioners.
The children's house system, which is to be piloted in Greater London and County Durham, sees children testify to a trained psychotherapist while a judge, police, prosecution and defence lawyers watch via video link.
In Iceland, the single interview takes place in a children's house or "Barnahus", where it is used both by police to gather evidence, and prosecutors as witness testimony.
The house - one of which can be found in a quiet Reykjavik residential street - is where a child is taken within a week of an abuse allegation being made.
Bragi Gudbrandsson, the director of the Icelandic government's child protection agency, pioneered the Barnahus scheme, which began in 1998.
He said: "The basic idea is to ensure a child-friendly intervention in child sexual abuse cases with the aim of complying to the general principle of human rights.
"It's an environment that children are used to, familiar with, and is natural for them.
"We believe it can be harmful to take child victims to police stations because all children relate police stations to where people in conflict in the law are taken to.
"So we are really conveying a message to children by the place we are taking them to."
Inside the house, a specially trained interviewer asks questions, while other parties watch via a video link.
Any questions they have are fed through an earpiece to the interviewer.
Lawyers for the accused have to put all their questions at this point.
Ólöf Ásta Farestveit, who runs the Reykjavik Barnahus, says one benefit of the system is that children need only recount their ordeal once.
"If the parents have been asking them maybe two or three times, they get tired of answering the same questions so they say sometimes 'Ask Ma, she knows...

Summary: The children's commissioner for England will call for a radical rethink of the way children are interviewed in abuse cases, at a meeting later.
###
Article: He vowed to form a federal police unit to deal with violence against women.
The girl, 16, believes she was doped after going to her boyfriend's house last Saturday and says she woke up in a different house, surrounded by 30 men.
Hundreds of protesters on Friday demanded an end to sexual violence.
The video of the attack was put on social media, shocking Brazil.
Police are hunting more than 30 male suspects. Arrest warrants have been issued, including one for the boyfriend.
"I condemn most forcefully the rape of the teenager in Rio de Janeiro," Mr Temer said.
"It is absurd that in the 21st Century we should have to live with barbaric crimes such as this."
He said the authorities were working "to find those responsible" for the attack.
Rio police chief Fernando Veloso told a news conference that investigators will review forensic evidence.
"If these images hadn't been posted, maybe we wouldn't be here right now,'' he said, adding that many rapes go unreported.
The rape is said to have taken place in a poor community in western Rio over the weekend.
A 40-second-video was widely shared and followed by a wave of misogynistic comments, before the users' accounts were suspended.
In a message posted on Facebook, the victim said she was thankful for the support she had received and added: "I really thought I was going to be badly judged."
She later said: "All of us can go through this one day. It does not hurt the uterus but the soul because there are cruel people not being punished!! Thanks for the support."
The girl's grandmother told Brazilian media the family had watched the video and cried.
"I regretted watching it. When we heard the story we didn't believe what was happening. It's a great affliction. It's a depressing situation," she told Folha de S Paulo newspaper.
The assault has provoked an online campaign against what campaigners call a culture of rape in Brazil.
Experts say many cases of rape in Brazil go unreported as victims fear retaliation, shame, and blame for the violence they have suffered.
Hundreds...

Summary:


The code was created by the British Water Ski and Wakeboard, and is based on the code of the British Water Ski and Wakeboard.
The code is based on the code of the British Water Ski and Wakeboard.
The code is based on the code of the British Water Ski and Wakeboard.
The

The family of a teenage girl who drowned on a sailing trip have launched a safety code in her memory.

Article: The move follows years of briefings by the police and security sources which said that while dissidents had a high level of intent to mount attacks outside Northern Ireland, they lacked the capacity or capability to do so.
That has now changed.
The Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) warned earlier this year that dissidents have shown a range of capabilities over the past 18 months which they described as deeply concerning.
These include the use of home made bombs, referred to by the police as Improvised Explosive Devices, improvised rocket launchers, close quarter shootings, and under vehicle bombs.
While the government announces updates on threat levels, the assessment is made by the security service MI5, with input from the PSNI.
This recalibration of the threat level clearly suggests they believe dissidents are actively planning to exploit their increased capabilities by exporting them to Great Britain, and that they have the capacity to do so.
No organisation was named in a written statement about the increased threat level by Home Secretary Theresa May on Wednesday, but it is understood this assessment reflects concerns about the activities of the group widely referred to as the New IRA.
It was formed in the summer of 2012, from the amalgamation of a number of dissident organisations.
The group killed prison officer Adrian Ismay using an under car bomb in March.
In a statement to the BBC at the time it warned that further attacks would follow.
Increasing the threat level from "moderate" to "substantial" means the likelihood of an attack in Great Britain has gone up from "possible but not likely" to "a strong possibility".
It does not mean MI5 has intelligence which suggests that a dissident republican attack on a target in England, Scotland or Wales is about to take place some time soon.
If that was the case, the threat level would have been raised to "severe", which means an attack is regarded as "highly likely."
The threat level dissidents pose in Northern Ireland has been characterised as...

Summary: The escalation of the level of threat dissident republicans pose to potential targets in Great Britain means that the security service MI5 believes their capacity and capability has grown significantly.
###
Article: The breach came after the laptop of an employee at Hewlett Packard Enterprise working on a naval contract was "compromised", the Navy said.
It added that "unknown individuals" accessed the sensitive information on current and former sailors.
The data included names and social security numbers, but the Navy does not currently believe it was misused.
"The Navy takes this incident extremely seriously - this is a matter of trust for our sailors," said Vice Adm Robert Burke, the chief of naval personnel.
"We are in the early stages of investigating and are working quickly to identify and take care of those affected by this breach."
The US Navy has about 430,000 sailors on active duty or in ready reserve.
Sailors are being contacted in the coming weeks and the Navy said it was looking into credit monitoring services for those affected.
Hewlett Packard Enterprise, which separated from US computer firm HP last year, informed the Navy on 27 October about the laptop.
After a Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS) investigation, it was found that the data of 134,386 sailors had been accessed.
A spokesman for Hewlett Packard Enterprise said: "This event has been reported to the Navy and because this is an ongoing investigation, HPE will not be commenting further out of respect for the privacy of our Navy personnel."

Summary: The US Navy is investigating a data breach after personal information of more than 130,000 sailors was accessed.
###
Article: Emily Gardner, 14, from Gloucester, drowned when an ill-fitting buoyancy aid snagged on a speedboat which capsized in Brixham, Devon in May 2015.
Parents Clive and Debbie Gardner set up Emily's Code to highlight safety issues for small boat owners and users.
They said something as simple as checking a buoyancy aid or lifejacket fits properly could save a life.
Emily was with two friends and her best friend's father, Paul Pritchard, on a 16ft (4.8m) speedboat when a wave hit the vessel, causing it to overturn.
An inquest into Emily's death heard all four were thrown into the water. Emily was trapped underneath the boat after one of the straps on her buoyancy aid caught on a cleat.
Mr and Mrs Gardner said: "Many parents like us have no awareness of recreational boating safety guidelines and have never used a boat before.
"When Emily went on a day trip with her friends we were reassured that safety was paramount and that the equipment was top notch.
"If just one family sees this and takes action to protect their children on the water, then Emily's Code will have succeeded and Emily's name will live on."
The code has the backing of the Royal Yachting Association, HM Coastguard, British Water Ski and Wakeboard, and the RNLI.
Emily's Code:

Summary: