The UK's data watchdog is "making inquiries" after Carphone Warehouse said the personal details of up to 2.4 million of its customers may have been accessed in a cyber-attack.

Article: Its research shows staff are victims of more than 1,500 physical and verbal attacks by pupils every year.
Two schools in England are taking part in a three-month trial where all teachers are wearing police-style body cameras to stop pupil disruption.
One teacher said there was one problem pupil in "most classes".
"I've been stabbed with a pencil, I've had my fingers slammed in a door, I've had a child bite me, I've had the backs of my hands clawed with fingernails, furniture thrown at me, kicked, punched.
"It sounds horrendous when you say it all in one list but those things are happening fairly regularly," the teacher said anonymously to S4C's O'r Senedd programme.
"It's getting worse year by year, it's getting harder to manage year by year, it's getting more distressing year by year, both for the pupils and the staff."
Owen Hathway of the National Union of Teachers (NUT), said about eight "verbal or physical" assaults took place against teachers every day.
While he said the union could not "completely dismiss" the use of body cams, he said they could also prove to be a hindrance.
"What we need to ensure is that whilst this sort of technology may be able to safeguard teachers and pupils, it's perhaps a bit too intrusive at the moment, and there are other avenues to explore that could help develop better relationships in the class and better levels of discipline in the class," he said.
"I think first and foremost we know that the schools with the best level of discipline are those who have good relationships between schools and the communities."
While he said the idea was "something we have to be ready to embrace", he was cautious about its implementation.
"It shouldn't be a case of being an intrusive platform for school leaders to spy potentially on teachers or pupils, but as a way of safeguarding pupils and teachers and working with the profession about how it's developed," Mr Hathaway added.
Educational well-being consultant Siriol Burford does not think they should be used in every classroom.
"I think...

Summary: The idea of teachers wearing body cameras in Welsh classrooms cannot be dismissed, the National Union of Teachers has said.
###
Article: The drop comes after Argentine Finance Minister Alfonso Prat-Gay said he would eliminate the foreign exchange restrictions that have propped up the peso since 2011.
After his announcement, markets opened with one dollar buying 14 pesos.
Analysts had predicted a fall of up to 30% from the previous controlled rate of 9.8 pesos to the dollar.
They said they expect it could fall to 14.5 pesos to the dollar. That is the rate at which the currency has been trading on the black market.
Argentine Finance Minister Alfonso Prat-Gay said that the country's central bank had been given the right to buy pesos if the exchange rate fell too rapidly.
But he said the restrictions needed to be removed to improve the country's ailing economy. Exchange controls would end for all businesses, who would be allowed to buy as many dollars as they needed.
But ordinary Argentines would still face restrictions on the amount of dollars they could buy a month.
Shop owners said consumers could cut spending in the short term as they see their purchasing power reduced, especially when it comes to dollar-denominated imports.
The previous government of Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner tried to end the buying of dollars four years ago, but prohibition simply fuelled the black economy.
Since then, informal street sellers in Buenos Aires offer foreign currency at much higher rates than the official one.
Argentines also found other creative ways to circumvent restrictions, from organised day-trips to neighbouring Uruguay to get US dollars from cash machines to Bitcoin trading.
The new policy may satisfy middle and upper-class Argentines who will now be able to get their dollars freely.
But they are also fearful of the consequences: higher prices and a potential devaluation of their currency.

Summary: Argentina's peso has lost about 30% of its value after the country lifted currency controls.
###
Article: It comes after the International Monetary Fund (IMF) agreed to a loan deal with Ukraine worth $14-18bn.
The US Congress also passed legislation on Thursday backing a $1bn loan guarantee for Ukraine.
Tensions are high between Russia and the West after pro-Russian troops annexed Ukraine's southern peninsula.
The West has widely condemned the move, with US President Barack Obama warning on Wednesday of "deeper" EU and US sanctions against Russia if it carried out further incursions in Ukraine.
One hundred countries voted in favour of approving a UN General Assembly resolution declaring the Crimean referendum on 16 March illegal and affirming Ukraine's territorial integrity.
By Mark MardellNorth America editor
Eleven nations voted against, with 58 abstentions.
"This support has come from all corners of the world which shows that this (is) not only a regional matter but a global one,'' Ukraine's Foreign Minister Andriy Deshchytsia told reporters after the vote.
But Russia's ambassador to the UN, Vitaly Churkin, said "the fact that almost half" of the UN General Assembly members had not supported the resolution was "a very encouraging trend and I think this trend will become stronger and stronger".
Given that the resolution was non-binding, the vote was largely symbolic, says the BBC's Nick Bryant in New York.
But Ukraine hopes the resolution will act as a deterrent and dissuade Moscow from making further incursions into its territory, he adds.
President Obama said the IMF announcement, which would unlock a further $10bn in loans for Ukraine, was a "major step forward" to help stabilise the country's economy and meet the long-term needs of its people.
Speaking after talks with Italian Prime Minister Matteo Renzi in Rome on Thursday, Mr Obama said it was a "concrete signal" that the world stood united with Ukraine at a difficult time.
A bill was also passed in the US Senate and House of Representatives on Thursday providing $1bn in loan guarantees aimed at stabilising Ukraine's economy. The measure still needs to be...

Summary: The UN General Assembly has approved a resolution describing the Moscow-backed referendum that led to Russia's annexation of Crimea as illegal.
###
Article: The FutureVolc project is funded by the European Union and involves more sensors as well as better real-time data analysis.
It is a response to the 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajokull, which closed down much of European airspace.
It is hoped the work will enable better detection of imminent eruptions and map their evolution.
"Volcanoes actually scream 'I'm about to erupt'," Dr Matthew Roberts of the  Icelandic Meteorological Office (IMO) told the BBC.
"Before they erupt they show many measurable signs, and it's the challenge for today's volcanologists to actually gather all that information and make use of it in real time and that's exactly what FutureVolc is about."
The programme is being led by the IMO and University of Iceland, but involves 26 different groups including the UK Met Office, British Geological Survey and the universities of Cambridge and Bristol.
As part of the project, new monitors will be fitted across the most active regions of the country, including around the Eyjafjallajokull site and Katla, one of Iceland's largest volcanoes.
The monitors can detect minute movements or tremors within the ground and detect any curving of the Earth's surface around volcanic sites (known as "inflation") which could be indicative of magma build-up.
Seismometers look for ground motions indicative of seismic waves from a quake or eruption.
GPS sensors use satellite technology to detect movement in the earth's crust which could result from magma build-up below.
Multi-gas meters look for changes in gas composition emanating from the ground characteristic of intruding magma.
Volumetric strain metres are large canisters of liquid placed within a borehole. The instrument detects displacement in the liquid caused by pressing rocks deforming the canister.
Infrasound arrays are groups of microphones which can detect shock waves in the atmosphere generated by eruptions or quakes.
Other experimental sensors will look for changes in gas emissions from active sites, which could suggest the movement of magma up through the...

Summary: Work is under way to improve monitoring of Iceland's volcanoes and give earlier warning of possible eruptions.
###
Article: The attack was discovered on Wednesday, and made public on Saturday.
The encrypted credit card details of up to 90,000 people may have been accessed, the mobile phone firm said.
The Information Commissioner's Office, which examines data breaches, confirmed it was aware of the incident.
Carphone Warehouse says the data could include names, addresses, dates of birth and bank details and it is contacting all those affected.
Those who think they have been the victim of fraud should contact Action Fraud on 0300 123 2040.
Carphone Warehouse said the "sophisticated" cyber-attack, which happened in the past two weeks, was stopped "straight away" after it was discovered on Wednesday afternoon.
The affected division of the company operates the websites OneStopPhoneShop.com, e2save.com and Mobiles.co.uk, and provides services to iD Mobile, TalkTalk Mobile, Talk Mobile and some Carphone Warehouse customers.
The retailer's owner, Dixons Carphone, has apologised for the attack and said additional security measures have been brought in. It has also taken the affected websites down.
Carphone Warehouse customer Kerri, from Petersfield, in Hampshire, said she believed her email address had been hacked, and "things stolen", since the breach.
"I am extremely upset as well as worried and scared," she said.
"Firms like Carphone Warehouse need to be held accountable for security breaches."
Some customers complained they should have been made aware when the breach was first detected.
Technology analyst Tom Cheesewright said the company may have been trying to assess the level of damage before making the announcement.
"I don't think we'll know until the Information Commissioner's Office looks at this - whether they did the right thing, whether they were prudent in waiting a few days." he added.
He said it was likely the data would be sold on.
"There's a ready market in this sort of information. You might pay Â£5-10 for one set of credit card details, maybe twice that for a full identity," he said.
The details may then be used to shop...

Summary:


A heavily pregnant woman had a gun pressed to her head when masked burglars broke into her Rochdale home.

Article: The European Commission has given Glybera marketing authorisation, meaning it can be sold throughout the EU.
It is a gene therapy for a rare disease which leaves people unable to properly digest fats.
The manufacturers say it will be available next year.
Gene therapy has a simple premise. If there is a problem with part of a patient's genetic code then change the code.
However, the field has been plagued with problems. Patients have developed leukaemia and in one trial in the US a teenager died.
In Europe and the US, the therapies are used only in research labs.
Glybera is used to treat lipoprotein lipase deficiency. One in a million people have damaged copies of a gene which is essential for breaking down fats.
It means fat builds up in the blood leading to abdominal pain and life-threatening inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis).
The only way to manage the condition is by having a very low-fat diet.
The therapy, developed by UniQure, uses a virus to infect muscle cells with a working copy of the gene.
The European Medicines Agency recommended the therapy was made available for the most severely ill patients earlier in 2012.
UniQure chief executive officer Jorn Aldag said: "The final approval of Glybera from the European Commission marks a major step forward in making gene therapies available not only for lipoprotein lipase deficiency, but also for a large number of rare diseases with a very high unmet medical need."
The company said it would apply for regulatory approval in the US and Canada.
China was the first country to officially sanction a gene therapy.

Summary: A treatment which corrects errors in a person's genetic code has been approved for commercial use in Europe for the first time.
###
Article: The tweet, which criticised the waste of plastic, was posted on Thursday and has since been retweeted 60,000 times.
The mandarins, an easy-peel variety called Sumos, were available in some shops in Northern California.
Whole Foods subsequently tweeted back: "Definitely our mistake. These have been pulled."
Twitter user Nathalie Gordon posted the image and wrote: "If only nature could find a way to cover these oranges so we didn't need to waste so much plastic on them."
Underneath she posted a photograph of the Sumo mandarins.
In a press statement Whole Foods Market said: "Many of our customers love the convenience that our cut produce offers, and this was a simple case where a handful of stores experimented with a seasonal product.
"Orange and tangerine slices have long been a staple favourite in our stores. We're glad some customers pointed it out so we could take a closer look and leave Sumos in their natural packaging - the peel."
The retailer told the BBC that the packed slices of oranges and tangerines would remain on the shelves.
Sumo is a trademark name for a citrus fruit which is easy to peel, sweet, seedless and bigger than an ordinary mandarin.

Summary: Pre-peeled mandarins in plastic packaging have been removed from sale by Whole Foods Market after a customer's photo and tweet went viral.
###
Article: The long-awaited Dad's Army movie - staring Toby Jones as Captain Mainwaring and Bill Nighy as Sergeant Wilson - is set to hit cinema screens in February 2016.
But before that comes a one-off BBC Two drama We're Doomed! The Dad's Army Story which shows how writers Jimmy Perry (Paul Ritter) and David Croft (Richard Dormer) overcame BBC management scepticism to bring the hit sitcom to the screen.
"I won't lie," admits Charlotte Surtees, the TV drama's executive producer.  "We were keeping an eye on what they were doing. We felt that our project was complementary and not at odds with what the feature film was attempting to create.
"I think they have a tough job. They have a fabulous cast but we have an equally fabulous cast."
Among the other famous names in We're Doomed! are Julian Sands as John Le Mesurier (Sgt Wilson), Mark Heap as Clive Dunn (Corporal Jones), Shane Richie as Bill Pertwee (ARP Warden Hodges), and Kevin Bishop as James Beck (Private Walker, the cockney spiv).
Surtees says there were no casting clashes between the TV drama and the movie. "It didn't pose a problem because we were casting in a very different manner to the film. We needed our Arthur to be Arthur Lowe first and foremost and Mainwaring second."
Sessions, who has an uncanny likeness to Lowe in the TV drama, reveals that Toby Jones had sent him a note saying: "Best of luck with your Arthur."
He admits he felt "great pressure" playing such a national treasure.
"He's been been a huge hero of mine ever since I was 14 or 15," Sessions says. "He had an incredible capacity to make you laugh or smile when he was saying something pretty anodyne and non-committal.
"Arthur's got a very beautiful voice. It's quite sonorous. Even though he would fluff lines constantly it didn't somehow matter. He was just so wonderfully Captain Mainwaring."
On TV between 1968 and 1977, Dad's Army attracted 18 million viewers at its height. We're Doomed! has the blessing of 92-year old Jimmy Perry. Co-writer David Croft died in September 2011.
The drama shows how...

Summary: Fans of Dad's Army have plenty to look forward to over the next few weeks.
###
Article: Iran policy has been a unique zone of detente in Washington's take-no-prisoners partisan politics, and nowhere has that been more evident than in the case of Hamid Aboutalebi.
When Iran's choice for UN ambassador was revealed to have played a role in the 1979 hostage crisis - as an occasional translator, by his account - Congress swiftly passed legislation banning UN visas for anyone deemed an anti-US terrorist.
Politically, that left the White House little choice but to bar him from the country.
As one of the first major televised foreign policy crises in US history, the 14-month captivity of 52 Americans at the US embassy in Tehran engraved itself on the memory of every American who lived through it.
It has festered at the heart of Washington's relations with Iran ever since.
"I suppose it was the outrageousness of it," says former hostage John Limbert, in particular that a government would end up supporting the young revolutionaries' audacious act.
The hostage crisis may still set off emotional alarm bells here, but it's also become a political football, one that some believe was played by members of Congress suspicious of negotiations on Iran's nuclear programme.
Lawmakers on both sides of the aisle have often felt left in the dark about the talks, conducted by six world powers and aimed at ensuring Iran's nuclear activities are peaceful.
"This was an opportunity for people who were unhappy with the administration and the whole negotiating idea to come out and attack the administration, to raise a fuss," says Gary Sick, who was the principal White House aide for Iran affairs during the hostage crisis, and is now a professor at Columbia University.
"Congress has been trying to insert itself into the negotiation process with Iran and has taken exception to a lot of the things this administration was doing."
At the forefront of those efforts was a US Senate bill outlining onerous new sanctions, should the talks fail, and presented as a "diplomatic insurance policy" to strengthen President Barack Obama's...

Summary: The duelling parties in the US Congress may not agree on healthcare or anti-poverty measures, but they can agree to ban an Iranian envoy.
###
Article: The 28-year-old's nine-year-old daughter was also threatened by a member of the gang, who had a knife.
The burglary happened at their home in the Turf Hill area at about 05:30 BST on Wednesday, Greater Manchester Police said.
The three balaclava-wearing men stole cash, jewellery and a mobile phone before fleeing.
The offender carrying the gun, said to be a small silver metal handgun, was described as Asian, slim and aged between 20 and 30.
The man with the knife was black, between 30 and 40, of a medium build and with bloodshot eyes.
It is believed they were met by three other men outside the property.
Police are now appealing for anyone with information to contact them.
Det Con Rich Shelton said: "This gang targeted a mum and her young daughter, even stooping as low as to hold a gun to the head of a woman who was clearly heavily pregnant and absolutely terrified.
"Thankfully they were not physically injured and the unborn baby not harmed but the emotional trauma they have suffered is immeasurable."

Summary:

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One of the reasons the Great Exhibition of the North was awarded to Newcastle and Gateshead was because of the "ambition" of  organisers.

Article: But organisers hope the participation of Scotland's world number 24 Russell Knox, born in nearby Inverness, will compensate for the American's absence.
Tournament director Peter Adams said he regretted the absence of Fowler.
"No Rickie this year, which we're obviously disappointed about and so is Rickie," Adams told BBC Scotland.
"He has written to us and said he would have really liked to come back to defend, but it is some of the schedule congestion that has been an issue for him.
"The Olympics is here for the first time and that's meant date changes for some of the majors and, if you look at that run from the US Open right up until the Olympics, it's incredibly congested and all of the players who play in the top flight of world golf I think have had some difficulty organising their schedules."
Fowler has missed the cut three times in his past five tournaments in the build-up to this month's US Open.
The 27-year-old won his Scottish Open title at Gullane, but the tournament returns to Castle Stuart from 7-10 July after an absence of three years.
"I think it's been a good thing to travel around Scotland in the past few years," said Adams.
"In terms of what we do for the future, we have announced that it is going to be Dundonald for next year.
"We haven't really discussed and thought beyond that and I think there will be a lot of discussion at this year's tournament about where we go after that."
There has been speculation about the future scheduling of the Scottish Open, with Irish Open organisers thought to be keen to take over the slot before the Open Championship.
"It has always been the tournament the week before the Open Championship and, as we stand now, that is the position," said Adams.
"I think for as long as I've been working on the Scottish Open, there have been various tournaments that have eyed the week before the Open Championship.
"It has served the Scottish Open well, so I think for this golf tournament it would be good to have that unless there is a good reason to change.
"That is really...

Summary: World number five Rickie Fowler will not defend his Scottish Open title at Castle Stuart, citing a busy calendar with golf returning to the Olympics.
###
Article: Stargazers across Scotland photographed the Aurora Borealis on Wednesday night.
Scotland is one of the best places in the UK to observe the Northern Lights, which are related to activity on the sun.
On Wednesday night, the aurora was visible from the Isle of Skye, as well as Peterhead in Aberdeenshire and North Berwick in East Lothian.
Lancaster University's AuroraWatch UK said that 2017 had started quietly for aurora watchers, but overnight on Wednesday and Thursday the UK received "a whopping 13 total hours of elevated geomagnetic activity".
Five of those hours had activity strong enough to trigger amber-level alerts to the displays. Amber is AuroraWatch UK's second highest alert for chances of seeing the Northern Lights.
The rise in the activity was due to what is known as a negative polarity coronal hole high-speed stream.
BBC Radio Scotland's Brainwaves programme has looked at the science behind the Northern Lights, a phenomenon that some scientists believe could become harder to see from Scotland.

Summary: All images are copyrighted.
###
Article: The grey-haired, former paediatrician turned professor at Stanford University School of Medicine, now turned start-up founder, may be softly spoken but he doesn't mince his words.
A vegan, he's come to the World Economic Forum in Davos to evangelise about how ditching meat can save the planet.
At Davos, where helping the United Nations reach its goal of eradicating hunger by 2030 is one of its goals, he's got a receptive audience.
A pop-up barbecue - set up by Brazilian charity Gastromotiva amid the snowy slopes - draws daily crowds. The company helps young people out of poverty by training them as chefs and creates its dishes out of food surplus that otherwise would have been thrown away.
It neatly illustrates the point that a staggering one third of food produced for human consumption is lost or wasted globally, around 1.3bn tonnes, which if used could help address the issue.
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But Mr Brown's target is not the Davos elites but the masses.
The firm he set up almost seven years ago - Impossible Foods - is aiming to make the perfect meatless burger for "the hardcore meat lover".
The 62-year-old came up with the idea during a sabbatical. Freed from admin and teaching responsibilities, instead of hitting the beach he pondered what was the most important problem in the world he could do something about.
The issue he hit upon was animal farming due to its environmental impact.
While he personally has been a vegan for years, he said this was a personal choice and had nothing to do with his decision.
Rattling off statistics staccato style he says the sector uses a third of the world's water supply and land, with the greenhouse gas impact second only to the power industry.
But while startling, he admits such facts won't change people's minds or behaviour, or persuade them to eat "cardboard food".
Instead, he decided to try to solve the problem scientifically.
"A different way of looking at...

Summary: "My company's goal is to wipe out the animal farming industry and take them down," Patrick Brown tells me.
###
Article: Parents are now allowed to leave the gender blank on birth certificates, in effect creating a new category of "indeterminate sex".
The move is aimed at removing pressure on parents to make quick decisions on sex assignment surgery for newborns.
However, some campaigners say the new law does not go far enough.
As many as one in 2,000 people have characteristics of both sexes.
They are known as "intersex" people because they have a mixture of male and female chromosomes or even genitalia which have characteristics of both genders.
The intense difficulty for parents is often that a gender has to be chosen very quickly so that the new child can be registered with the authorities, the BBC's Steve Evans in Berlin reports.
Sometimes surgery is done on the baby to turn its physical characteristics as far as possible in one direction or the other, our correspondent says.
The law in Germany has been changed following a review of cases which revealed great unhappiness.
In one case, a person with no clear gender-defining genitalia was subjected to surgery. The person said many years later:  "I am neither a man nor a woman.  I will remain the patchwork created by doctors, bruised and scarred."
German passports, which currently list the holder's sex as M for male or F for female, will have a third designation, X, for intersex holders, according to the interior ministry.
It remains unclear what impact the change will have on marriage and partnership laws in Germany.
Current laws define marriage as a union between a man and a woman, and civil partnerships are reserved for  same-sex couples.
Silvan Agius of IGLA-Europe, which campaigns for the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual and intersex people, said the law needed to go further.
"While on the one hand it has provided a lot of visibility about intersex issues... it does not address the surgeries and the medicalisation of intersex people and that's not good - that has to change," he told the BBC.
While Germany is the first country in Europe to legally recognise a...

Summary: Germany has become Europe's first country to allow babies with characteristics of both sexes to be registered as neither male nor female.
###
Article: However, the 2018 event, set to showcase art, design and innovation, will not be the first in the region.
In 1929, the North East Coast Exhibition was opened by the Prince of Wales in Newcastle amid great fanfare.
So, will organisers take inspiration from the grand event, which attracted four million visitors?
Responding to the Newcastle and Gateshead announcement, the North East Chamber of Commerce said: "The Great Exhibition looks set to be the launch pad of real growth in our regional economy."
The Prince of Wales - later King Edward VIII - opened the 1929 event and said: "The industries of the North are not yet knocked out of the ring.
"They are fighting back gallantly with a good Northern punch."
And the "northern punch" included cutting-edge technology, such as a cow milking machine, a telescope brought down from Edinburgh University, and the local newspaper using a newly-designed electric sign to flash out the latest news items.
Industry and consumer items were represented, some of them household names that remain, such as Hoover vacuum cleaners, Singer sewing machines, and Pyrex glass ovenware.
Andrews Liver Salts showed off its brand with a 15ft "fountain of health".
For entertainment there was an amusement park, a Himalayan Railway, and an African village.
More than four million people passed through the turnstiles between May and October that year, including King Alfonso of Spain and the Sultan of Zanzibar. Each millionth visitor was presented with a gold watch.
When the exhibition ended, the pavilions were dismantled and the area reverted to a public park.
Unfortunately, that "northern punch" would fall victim to the economic depression a few years later, in the 1930s.

Summary:


The first major trial to see if losing weight reduces the risk of cancers coming back is about to start in the US and Canada.

Article: A report commissioned by the Humanist Society of Scotland (HSS) said the position of religion had weakened in most areas of life in recent years.
But it said laws protecting religion in education had, if anything, been strengthened.
A Church of Scotland spokesman said religious groups from all faiths made appropriate contributions to education.
The 355-page HSS report, written by academics at Glasgow University, cited the growth of Sunday trading and the rise in popularity of non-religious marriages as evidence Scotland was becoming a more secular society.
HSS chief executive Gordon MacRae said: "The motivation for this commission came from the increased public and political awareness of the changing role of religion and belief in Scottish public life."
He added: "At a time when 47%, nearly one in two households in Scotland, say they have no religion, we think it is time to move to a secular education system.
"Every state school in Scotland is a faith school. We hope this document can be a catalyst for a new debate."
The report said the current education system was established by two Acts of Parliament in 1872 and 1918, when Catholic schools were absorbed into the state system.
All state schools are required to ensure all pupils take part in 'religious observance' - at least once a week for primary pupils and at least once a month for secondary schools.
These provisions were reinforced in 2004 by the Labour-Liberal Democrat coalition, and accepted in a government circular in 2011 under the SNP.
The report outlines other areas in which the position of religion is guaranteed by law in the education system:
One of the report's authors, Callum Brown, professor of Modern European History at Glasgow University, said: "There is no particular move at foot to change this, in comparison to changes, dramatic changes to marriage law, with the arrival of same-sex marriage in 2014.
"That was a phenomenal and ground-breaking change which doesn't seem to have an equivalent in relation to education."
The HSS said the growth...

Summary: The role of religion should be removed from the school curriculum, according to a humanist organisation.
###
Article: The call comes after a New York-bound plane was forced to turn back to London Heathrow Airport after a laser beam hit the cockpit after take off, causing a "medical issue" for one of the pilots.
It is illegal to shine a light at a plane "so as to dazzle the pilot", but not an offence to own or carry a laser.
The union says they are "incredibly dangerous", and could blind pilots.
Virgin Atlantic flight VS025 turned back after it was struck by the laser on Sunday evening, about six or seven miles west of Heathrow.
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'It's only a matter of time until someone dies'
"This is not an isolated incident," British Airline Pilots Association's (Balpa's) general secretary Jim McAuslan said. "Aircraft are attacked with lasers at an alarming rate and with lasers with ever-increasing strength."
"Modern lasers have the power to blind and certainly to act as a huge distraction and to dazzle the pilots during critical phases of flight."
Former pilot and fellow member of the pilot's union Dave Smith said legislation on lasers - first introduced in 2010 - should be much tougher.
"The law from 2010 is just an offence of shining the laser into the cockpit, but of course that is very difficult to prove," he said.
Balpa is calling for sales of all but the lowest power devices to be regulated.
"Lasers should be specifically included in the offensive weapons legislation so that if someone is found to be carrying a laser without good reason then they are treated in the same way as if they are carrying a knife," a spokeswoman added.
But Dr John O'Hagan, a laser safety expert at Public Health England, believes the existing laws are adequate.
"Our recommendation is that only low-powered lasers, one milliwatt - one thousandth of a watt - should be generally available to the public.
"And in the UK now it is relatively unusual to be able to buy a laser, that looks like a laser pointer, that's at a higher power. The trouble is that you can buy them over the internet at much higher powers."
Lasers produce a...

Summary: Laser pointers should be classed as "offensive weapons", the British Airline Pilots Association has said.
###
Article: Muga caterpillars, which produce a highly valuable silk, are dying from bacterial infections, in Assam, India.
The university believes it has developed viruses that could protect the silkworms from disease and as a result could save Muga silk industry.
Muga silk is produced, only in Assam, as the silkworms form their cocoons.
The caterpillars have been in decline over the last few years because they are eating infected leaves.
Dr Mahananda Chutia, a visiting academic who is employed by the Indian government, said: "As well as its silk trade, Assam is known for its tea and farmers often spray pesticides to protect the tea leaves - these sprays are thought to have reached the silkworms and have weakened them.
"In our model system at Leicester, we have found that the consumption of phages [viruses] by caterpillars is a very effective method of preventing bacterial diseases."
Dr Chutia has tested his research on common white wax worms, as Muga caterpillars cannot survive in the UK.
He returns to Assam at the end of the month to test the viruses by spraying them on to the leaves the caterpillars eat.
The university claims if the research works on Muga caterpillars, thousands of farmers in India would benefit.

Summary: Researchers at the University of Leicester are attempting to halt the decline of a caterpillar that produces one of the finest silks in the world.
###
Article: Prof Richard Tol predicts the downsides of warming will outweigh the advantages with a global warming of 1.1C - which has nearly been reached already.
Prof Tol is regarded by many campaigners as a climate "sceptic".
He has previously highlighted the positive effects of CO2 in fertilising crops and forests.
His work is widely cited by climate contrarians.
"Most people would argue that slight warming is probably beneficial for human welfare on net, if you measure it in dollars, but more pronounced warming is probably a net negative," Prof Tol told the BBC Radio 4 series Changing Climate.
Asked whether societies were at the point where the benefits start to be outweighed by consequences, he replied: "Yes. In academic circles, this is actually an uncontroversial finding."
But it is controversial for climate contrarians, who often cite Professor Tol's work to suggest that we shouldn't worry about warming.
Matt Ridley, the influential Conservative science writer, said he believed the world would probably benefit from a temperature rise of up to 2C.
"I think we probably will see 1.5 degrees of warming. The point is most people think 2C is when it turns catastrophic. That's not right. The literature is very clear; 2C is when we start to get harm. Up until then we get benefit," he said.
"We've got a greening in all ecosystems as a result of CO2. We've got about 11% more green vegetation on the planet than 30 years ago, much of which is down to the CO2 fertilisation effect."
On fertilisation Matt Ridley refers to unpublished work by Professor Ranga Myneni from Boston University.
But he told BBC News Lord Ridley had accurately quoted his research on the impacts of current CO2 levels, but was unduly complacent about future warming.
"I am worried about how this work is being interpreted, by Lord Ridley. In my opinion, [CO2 fertilisation] benefit of greening is not worth the price of all the negative changes," he said.
Richard Tol from Sussex University believes discussion over the impacts of a 2C temperature rise is...

Summary: Human societies will soon start to experience adverse effects from manmade climate change, a prominent economist has warned.
###
Article: Researchers believe achieving a healthier weight could cut the risk by a fifth in breast cancer.
Around 3,200 women will take part, with half of them shifting a tenth of their body weight.
Experts said the trials were vital as it was still unclear if weight made a difference.
Dr Jennifer Ligibel, from the women's cancer centre at the Dana-Faber Cancer Institute, said: "We have known now for many years that women who are overweight or obese and are diagnosed with breast cancer have a higher risk of their cancer recurring and ultimately dying."
She said this had been seen in more than 100 studies, though the explanation for it was unclear.
She said preliminary evidence showed that losing weight after diagnosis could be helpful.
But the idea has never been tested in a large randomised trial, considered the gold-standard of medical research.
The two-year trial will start recruiting overweight and obese patients, with a BMI of at least 27, in August.
After their cancer therapy is completed, the women will have regular advice from dieticians to help them reduce their calorie intake to 1,200-1,500 calories per day.
Eventually, they will also exercise for up to 250 minutes a week.
For every 100 women in the study who do not lose weight, they expect to see 23 have a recurrence of the tumour.
If the researchers are right, then they expect only 19 in every 100 women who did shift the pounds to have a recurrence.
Dr Ligibel added: "I think it would be premature to say we know these things make a difference and that's why studies are important.
"I am quite convinced but I think we need the data to really prove it, but also to look at who benefits."
It is far from clear what changes inside an obese body could be leading to cancer recurrence, but there are theories around levels of the hormone insulin or inflammation, both of which are altered with weight gain.
If the concept is confirmed then it could apply to a wider range of cancers.
Prostate and colorectal cancer incidence is already known to be closely connected to...

Summary:


Tommy Hilfiger has said suggestions he thought Gigi Hadid was not thin enough to model are "completely false".

Article: Local authority areas in Scotland were placed in divisions that reflect the take-up of a range of renewable energy technologies.
Orkney was found to have the greatest amount of community-owned wind generation in a district with a population of less than 100,000 people.
The award was from the Scottish National Renewable Energy League.
Craig MacInnes, development manager of the Orkney Renewable Energy Forum (OREF), collected the award at the event in Glasgow.
He said: "This award for Orkney raises the profile of community wind projects and the benefits they bring.
"It shows how forward thinking many of Orkney's smaller and more remote communities have been in embracing renewable energy."

Summary: Orkney has won an award recognising the success of its community energy projects.
###
Article: European Union statistics agency Eurostat said the jobless rate in the currency union fell to 10.9% in July from 11.1% the month before.
The fall was helped by a sharp fall in unemployment in Italy, where the jobless total fell by 143,000.
It is the first time the unemployment rate in the eurozone has been below 11% since February 2012.
The wider 28-member EU saw the unemployment rate fall to 9.5%, the lowest rate since June 2011.
The lowest unemployment rate was in Germany, at 4.7%. Greece had the highest unemployment rate, at 25%, the latest available data from May showed, followed by Spain at 22.2%.
The rate of youth unemployment across the eurozone also declined to 21.9% in July from 22.3% a month earlier.
A survey released earlier on Tuesday suggested that growth in the eurozone's manufacturing sector had eased slightly in August, despite factories barely raising prices.
The closely-watched Markit eurozone manufacturing purchasing managers' index (PMI) was 52.3 last month, below a preliminary reading that suggested it had held steady at July's reading of 52.4. However, it has remained above the 50 mark that separates growth from contraction for more than two years.
There was some good news within the data. Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland and Italy all saw strong growth, with Germany's manufacturing PMI reading jumping to 53.3 in August from 51.8 a month earlier.
Rob Dobson, senior economist at Markit, said the data suggested the eurozone manufacturing sector showed continued resilience in August, with output growth and inflows of new business both strengthening.
"Based on the historical relationship, the PMI is tracking at somewhere close to a 2% annualised increase in industrial production so far in the third quarter, a modest gain but still representing a positive step forward," he said.
"The job numbers are also looking more positive, with employment rising at the fastest pace in four years. On the inflation front, lower oil prices led to the first dip in input costs since February, while selling...

Summary: Unemployment in the eurozone fell to its lowest rate in July for more than three years, figures have shown.
###
Article: The new group's leader has been named as Hashim al-Sheikh, who previously served as the head of the powerful Islamist rebel group, Ahrar al-Sham.
Ahrar al-Sham itself has refused to join the new body and has been at loggerheads with JFS in northern Syria.
On 9 February, al-Shaikh delivered the group's first leadership message in which he insisted the new entity was independent and not an extension of former organisations and factions.
By reinventing itself again, JFS appears to be trying to distance itself from its al-Qaeda past and embed itself more deeply within the Syrian insurgency.
No mention has been made of JFS leader Abu Mohammed al-Julani in any of the new group's communications. But he is widely believed to be serving as its military commander.
JFS announced the creation of "Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham" (which translates in English as Liberation of Levant Organisation) in a statement that was released on 28 January via its channel on the messaging app Telegram.
The statement indicated that the groups which had agreed to join would dissolve themselves and "merge fully" into the new entity.
This was further reiterated in al-Shaikh's recent message which described the new body as a "melting pot for all factions".
In addition to JFS, Tahrir al-Sham founding groups included: Nur al-Din Zinki Movement (one of the most important opposition factions in Aleppo); jihadist Ansar al-Din Front; the Homs-based Jaysh al-Sunnah; and Liwa al-Haqq (operates in Idlib, Aleppo and Hamah).
The new entity also received the endorsement of six prominent Syria-based jihadist clerics, including the charismatic Saudi-born Abdullah al-Muhaisini. The clerics signed a separate statement announcing their intention to join Tahrir al-Sham.
Since the creation of the new entity, JFS has issued no new propaganda under the JFS brand, suggesting that it has been dissolved.
The head of the new group, Abu-Jabir, had been appointed as Ahrar al-Sham leader after the group's entire leadership was wiped out in a bomb blast in September 2014. He held...

Summary: The Syrian jihadist group Jabhat Fateh al-Sham (JFS), known as al-Nusra Front until it broke off formal ties with al-Qaeda last July, has merged with four smaller Syrian factions and rebranded itself as "Tahrir al-Sham".
###
Article: About 90,000 teachers were locked out after negotiations broke down and nearly 900,000 pupils have no classes.
A teachers' union spokesman called the action "historic" for Denmark.
Gordon Madsen told BBC News that the government and teachers' employers wanted teachers to spend more time in the classroom during the school day.
The changes would mean younger children spending about two more hours in school daily and the oldest children three more hours, he said.
Mr Madsen said the teachers' time for preparing lessons would be reduced under the reforms. The teachers are pushing for a cap of 25 hours a week spent teaching, so that it is clear what counts as overtime.
The dispute affects children between the ages of six and 16. They are now spending their time at home with family members, or at their parents' workplaces or at youth clubs.
"Teachers are protesting in the streets all over Denmark," Mr Madsen said.
He accused the centre-left government of doing a deal on school reform with the local authority organisation KL, which pre-empted negotiations with the national teachers' union.
"It's the first time all the teachers have been locked out. It's a threat to the Danish model," he said, explaining that traditionally in Scandinavia workplace conditions are negotiated directly between unions and the employers without government interference.
Prime Minister Helle Thorning-Schmidt defended the plan to introduce longer hours in school, and said her government was not yet prepared to intervene in the dispute.
"We cannot accept that an average of three or four children in each class never learn to write at a level that enables them to go on to further education," she said on Tuesday.

Summary: State schools are shut in Denmark for a second day because of a dispute between teachers and local authorities over working conditions.
###
Article: The fashion designer had told Yahoo that casting directors dressed Hadid in a poncho for a fashion show because she was not as thin as the other models.
But he has now clarified his comments and said the story was misleading.
Hilfiger said: "The suggestion that I thought [Hadid] wasn't thin enough upsets me to no end. Gigi is the epitome of perfection."
In the Yahoo interview, Hilfiger referred to a 2015 fashion show in which Hadid wore a poncho which covered most of her body.
Hilfiger said he wanted Hadid to be dressed in something which better showed off her figure, but members of his creative team disagreed.
"Our casting director said, 'She doesn't really fit because you know she's not quite as tall as the other girls, she's not quite as thin,'" Hilfiger originally said.
"So they put a red, white, and blue poncho on her. It covered a lot of her body unfortunately, but it received millions of hits."
Hadid's appearance in the poncho proved hugely popular, and she later went on to collaborate with Hilfiger, launching her own line of clothing for the brand earlier this year.
After Hilfiger's comments sparked criticism, the designer criticised the original story's headline as "misleading".
Speaking to Page Six, Hilfiger said: "The casting people put Gigi in the poncho, and I was not happy.
"I was saying, 'Don't hide her body.' Even though the poncho ended up being the best-selling piece, I was very unhappy."
The designer also released a statement to Entertainment Tonight, in which he said he was "extremely proud" to have Hadid representing his brand.
"Gigi is truly the definition of a 'Tommy Girl' - her magnetic personality is bright, confident and always optimistic," he said.
"I've known her for many years, and am extremely proud to have her as the ambassador of my brand and as a collaborator of our collections.
"Any statement to the contrary is completely false. The headline from the interview with Yahoo was misleading and has since been corrected."
Follow us on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, on Instagram, or if you...

Summary:


Fifa president Sepp Blatter and Uefa boss Michel Platini have been suspended for eight years from all football-related activities following an ethics investigation.

Article: Reading Borough Council said it had written to Network Rail and Great Western Railway (GWR) demanding action following complaints from residents.
People in Cardiff Road had complained of trains parked in sidings with engines idling.
GWR has previously said the introduction of electric trains in 2019 will reduce the problem.
An online petition set up by residents living close to the GWR depot complained about "low-frequency noise" from trains idling in the early hours of the morning.
The council said it has warned GWR and Network Rail it could face an abatement notice.
Deputy council leader Tony Page said the responses form the companies had so far been "inadequate".
"The council is fully supportive of the huge benefits the realignment of rail lines in and around Reading has brought.
"By the same token, the concerns local residents have [about] noise and air pollution are very real and the council is lobbied on these issues regularly.
"We hope that escalating local concerns to senior management will prove more effective."
Earlier this year, GWR said the noise was within safe levels and it had changed the way it operated trains on the sidings.
Jonathan Dart, chairman of the Bell Tower Community Association, said he warmly welcomed the council's announcement to "put an end to the nuisance being caused to the residents of Cardiff Road".
However, he criticised the time it took the authority to investigate the issue.
"It took nine months and a press campaign for the council to release an officer's report stating that being in part of Cardiff Road at 03:29 was akin to being backstage at the Reading Festival," he said.

Summary: Noise and air pollution from a new rail depot in Reading could prompt legal action, it has been warned.
###
Article: Tory Monmouth MP David Davies said forecasted migration would place "huge pressure" in the coming years.
The figures come from research published by Vote Leave Cymru.
But Wales Stronger in Europe said it was "shameful" for Mr Davies to promote "fantasy figures", based on the prospect of Turkey joining the EU.
Voters will decide in a referendum on 23 June whether Britain remains a member of the 28-country union, or leaves.
Mr Davies said if Albania, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Turkey all gained entry to the EU, it could see the UK population grow by five million in the next 14 years.
Vote Leave suggested that could result in as many as 131,000 people coming to Wales from the EU between 2016 and 2030.
It is forecasted that, as well as an extra £246m, the Welsh NHS would need to employ 328 additional doctors in Wales just to maintain current staffing levels.
Mr Davies added: "The Welsh NHS is already facing the challenge of an ageing population, and scarce resources, but future migration will inevitably place huge additional pressures on investment and standards of care.
"Rather than sending money abroad to countries that want to join the EU I believe we should be spending our money on local priorities here in Wales, and across the UK."
Wales Stronger in Europe chairman Geraint Talfan Davies said: "These fantasy figures from Vote Leave contribute nothing to the debate except prejudice and discomfort - they are an insult to Welsh voters.
"It is shameful that David Davies - the chairman of a parliamentary committee - would put his name to this nonsense.
"He very well knows the UK has a veto on any new members and that Turkey is making next to no progress in completing the admission requirements."
Mr Talfan Davies added that with 100,000 EU citizens working in the NHS, migrants were "not straining it, they are strengthening it".
"Here in Wales, 9% of our doctors come from other EU nations and one-in-five of our care workers were born overseas," he said.
"Vote Leave would pull us away from this vital level of...

Summary: The Welsh NHS would need an extra £246m a year by 2030 to cope with EU migration if the UK stays in the union, leave campaigners have said.
###
Article: Heavy downpours have drenched parts of South Australia, Victoria and New South Wales this week.
The huge spring storm has caused floods and road closures, including by mudslides on the Great Ocean Road.
Emergency services have been rescuing people and animals affected by the extreme conditions.
The koala was rescued by South Australian plumber Russell Latter on Wednesday afternoon as flood waters were rising in the Adelaide Hills.
Nearby areas recorded more than 120mm of rain in the preceding 24-hour period.
"He couldn't get to the other side because it was flooded," he told the BBC. "So I coaxed him gently across the bridge."
Mr Latter took a photograph of the koala perched on a nearby fencepost after moving it to safety.
The photo was splashed on the front page of the local newspaper, featured on national TV and widely shared on social media.
Mr Latter said the koala then crossed shallow floodwaters and found his way up a gum tree to rest where it "looked quite happy".
"I've had a few animal rescue people tell me that they have very thick fur," he said.
"They survive out in the trees all winter when it pours, pours and pours. They do rather well."

Summary: A soaking wet koala perched on a fence post above floodwaters has become the face of wild weather battering southeast Australia.
###
Article: Sir John Sawers warned the crisis was no longer about just Ukraine, saying it was "much bigger and more dangerous".
Any attempt by Western countries to arm Ukraine could lead to an escalation on the ground and even cyber attacks by Russia against the West, he warned.
Fighting between Ukrainian forces and pro-Russian rebels has continued, more than a day after a ceasefire was due.
Sanctions have already been imposed on Russia, and EU leaders have threatened Moscow with further measures if the planned ceasefire is not respected.
US President Barack Obama has said the US is studying the option of supplying lethal defensive arms to Ukraine - if diplomacy fails to end the crisis in the east of the country.
However, giving a speech at King's College London, Sir John, who left MI6 in November, warned any attempt by the West to arm the Ukrainian government could lead to an escalation of tensions with Russia.
"Sanctions on Russia are imposing costs. But the Ukraine crisis is no longer just about Ukraine. It's now a much bigger, more dangerous crisis, between Russia and Western countries, about values and order in Europe," he said.
Western countries could "take on Moscow" by providing weapons to Ukraine so it can defend itself and introducing more stringent sanctions, he said.
But Sir John warned Russian President Vladimir Putin was likely to respond.
"As long as Mr Putin sees the issue in terms of Russia's own security he will be prepared to go further than us.  So he would respond with further escalation on the ground.  Perhaps cyber attacks against us.
"We have thousands of deaths in Ukraine. We could start to get tens of thousands, then what?"
The crisis might end up with a "new debilitating frozen conflict in Ukraine, for well into the future," he warned.
"That is a wretched outcome for Ukrainians. But it may be the least bad attainable outcome."
Sir John, who also served as ambassador to the UN and as a foreign policy adviser to former Prime Minister Tony Blair, said that recent interventions in Afghanistan and...

Summary: The conflict in Ukraine is now part of a much bigger crisis between Russia and the West, MI6's former head has said.
###
Article: Media playback is not supported on this device
They were found guilty of breaches surrounding a £1.3m ($2m) "disloyal payment" made to Platini in 2011.
The Fifa ethics committee found Blatter and Platini had demonstrated an "abusive execution" of their positions.
"I will fight for me and for Fifa," Blatter, 79, said at a news conference.
Media playback is not supported on this device
Platini said the decision was a "masquerade" intended to "dirty" his name.
Both men continue to deny wrongdoing and intend to appeal to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (Cas).
Swiss Blatter and 60-year-old Frenchman Platini have also been fined £33,700 ($50,000) and £54,000 ($80,000) respectively.
Despite the ban, both Blatter and Platini will be allowed to attend matches - including Euro 2016 in France - if they buy tickets in a private capacity.
Fifa boss since 1998, Blatter had already announced he was quitting with a presidential election in February.
Platini was tipped as a future leader of football's world governing body and is a three-time European Footballer of the Year.
He is also a former captain of France and has been in charge of Uefa - European football's governing body - since 2007.
Unshaven and sporting a plaster over his right cheek, Blatter was in defiant mood at a news conference he had called in advance of the punishments being made public.
"I will fight," he said. "I will fight for me and for Fifa."
He said he was "really sorry" that he is still "a punching ball" and that he has become tainted in the eyes of humanity.
He added that he thought he had convinced the Fifa ethics tribunal that the payment from Fifa to Platini was legitimate.
He plans to appeal, first to Fifa, then Cas. He may also take legal action under Swiss law if needed.
Blatter: Key quotes from hour-long news conference
"The decision is no surprise to me," he said in a statement. "The procedure initiated against me by Fifa's ethics committee is a pure masquerade.
"It has been rigged to tarnish my name by bodies I know well and who for me are...

Summary:


Scientists have calculated the optimal strategy for throwing something accurately - whether it's a dart or a crumpled-up piece of paper.

Article: The order came after activists challenged the government decision on grounds of cruelty to animals.
Tuesday's court order means there will be no Jallikattu festival this year.
The Jallikattu festival was scheduled to begin on 15 January across the state. No events were held last year.
At the annual festival held in January, thousands of men chase the bulls to grab prizes tied to their horns.
Read more: The state that loves bullfighting but isn't Spain
The Supreme Court banned the festival in 2014 after objections from animal rights activists.
In its order at the time, the Supreme Court had said that the use of bulls in the sport "severely harmed" the animals and was an offence under the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act.
Unlike in Spain, however, the bulls are not killed in the contests in Tamil Nadu.
However, last Friday the government issued an order lifting the ban.
Many believe local political parties had lobbied to have the ban lifted with an eye on this year's state elections.
Also, the Thevar community of Tamil Nadu is politically and economically influential in at least five districts where the sport is popular and no political party wants to antagonise them.
Correspondents say Tuesday's order is a setback for the Narendra Modi-led BJP government in Delhi, which had lifted the top court's ban last week using an executive order.
"With this single act of thumbing its nose at the Supreme Court, the BJP - like the Congress before - has sent the unfortunate signal once again that court orders are binding only upon ordinary citizens, and governments are above the law; lifting the ban on Jallikattu by circumventing the order of the apex court has put the executive on a collision course with the judiciary," a commentator wrote in The Wire website last week.
Tuesday's order shows that India's top court has again reasserted the judiciary's position, many observers believe.
On Monday, the Animal Welfare Board of India, animal rights groups and activists had filed six petitions in the court, challenging the...

Summary: The Indian Supreme Court has put on hold a recent government order lifting a ban on Jallikattu, a form of bullfighting which has been popular for centuries in the state of Tamil Nadu.
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Article: Carolyn Harris, who is chairing a parliamentary group investigating the subject, said addicts could lose thousands of pounds in one sitting.
She said the electronic touch-screen machines made "phenomenal" amounts of money for the bookmaker.
The UK government has said it was monitoring existing gambling controls.
Speaking to BBC Wales, the Swansea East MP said: "These machines are capable of taking £100 every 20 seconds, that's £300 every minute.
"And the machine doesn't give the punter, as they like to call them, the opportunity to stop and think about what they're doing. It's so rapid, it's literally pressing a button."
Fixed odds betting terminals first appeared in British betting shops in 1999. Last year, customers lost £1.7bn on the machines.
Betting shops are restricted to four machines in each shop, but critics say that had led to clusters of shops as companies try to increase the number of the terminals on the high street.
Ms Harris says the bookmakers have opened more shops in deprived areas, such as in her own constituency, and that the machines have changed how bookmakers are perceived.
"When the bookies were on the high street and they were just doing horse racing and dog racing, they were part of the fabric of the community now they're the scourge of the community."
"We need to have a complete overhaul and review of Fixed Odds Betting Terminals and hopefully come up with a solution which, it's not going to suit the bookies, but at least will help all the associated problems with these machines, including anti-social behaviour, money laundering, violence."
BBC Wales has spoken to addicts who describe them as the "crack cocaine" of gambling.
One man, who wanted to remain anonymous, said: "Once you're in that zone it's like nothing matters around you.
"There's nothing in the world that's more important than that machine, like making you play, put more money in, and nothing could have stopped me unless the place burned down, and even then I would have still hit the buttons till the fire brigade...

Summary: Fixed odds betting machines in bookmaker shops are dangerous and the government should review their use, a Swansea MP has said.
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Article: Promoter Festival Republic said the three-year project, based in Leeds, would act as a step up for female artists in the UK.
ReBalance is to provide recording studio time for chosen performers until 2020 under the scheme.
The successful acts would then also appear at Festival Republic or Live Nation Festivals.
Live updates and more stories from Yorkshire
A recent BBC study found festivals failed to reflect the diversity of the UK music scene, with headline slots being dominated by a small band of male rock acts.
Some eight out of 10 top slots were occupied by all-male acts, analysis of more than 600 headline appearances across 14 major festivals found.
Singer Ellie Goulding commented on the lack of women performing at music festivals in a series of tweets in July saying she did not see many females in the line-ups.
Melvin Benn, of Festival Republic who put on Leeds and Reading festivals among others, said: "Something needs to be done about gender equality in the music industry."
"ReBalance will enable future, and current female musicians to have the support they need in order to be recognised."
An apprenticeship scheme is also to be launched to encourage female studio and production engineers.
Women represent about 16% of UK songwriters and composers and there is a lack of women in other industry roles according to the PRS Foundation musical charity that is involved in the new venture.
ReBalance aims to strengthen "the talent pipeline" and give female artists and engineers new routes into the industry.â€‹
A selection panel - including Melvin Benn and Vanessa Reed (PRS Foundation) is to choose the successful artists and engineers.
They will get studio time, travel and accommodation support and an all-important festival slot.

Summary: A scheme has been set up to help more female performers top the bill at music festivals.
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Article: A driver took the fawn's injured mother to Fenland Animal Rescue after finding her at the roadside in Cambridgeshire.
A scan found the doe was heavily pregnant, and she gave birth at the centre last Sunday, staff said.
The fawn died on Friday from a brain injury most likely caused by the accident, a vet told rescuers.
Read more animal stories from the BBC on Pinterest
Fenland Animal Rescue's founder Joshua Flanagan said the baby's death was "a sad day for everyone".
"But this is, unfortunately, the harsh reality of wildlife rehabilitation for ourselves," he added.
Mr Flanagan had previously said deer were difficult to treat and often had to be put down as human contact causes them too much stress.
But the mother was "still doing fine", he said.
He added: "She went a little funny after [the fawn] passed, but due to her being so young she never really understood what was happening anyway.
"She is now back to her full self and eating fine."
The centre is set to release the doe back into the wild on Christmas Eve - earlier than initially planned.

Summary: A fawn born after its mother was hit by a car has died from a brain injury, animal rescuers have said.
###
Article: US researchers say the slow-is-more-accurate rule generally applies.
In a series of calculations, they looked at the physics behind releasing a projectile with the human arm.
Their equations suggest a slow underarm throw is the best strategy for getting a piece of paper into a nearby bin.
Lead researcher Madhusudhan Venkadesan, assistant professor of mechanical engineering and materials science at Yale University, said faster throws tend to be less accurate.
This is because the ball travels in a nearly straight line, so any errors in the angle at which the object is released tend to be amplified.
In slow and curved flight paths, small errors in the angle of release have little effect, he said.
"What we find is that almost the slowest arc is often the most accurate," said Dr Venkadesan.
"We've compared these calculations to published data of people throwing into wastebaskets; we've compared it to a study in dart throwing."
In sports such as basketball or darts, the strategy depends on conditions and the trade-off needed between speed and accuracy.
For example, experienced darts players throw overarm at about 5.5 metres per second, optimally releasing the dart 17 to 37 degrees before the arm becomes vertical.
On the cricket pitch, fielders are more likely to strike the wicket with a fast underarm throw.
And in basketball, the underhand free throw, nicknamed "the granny throw", has a marginal advantage over overhand, despite almost disappearing from the game.
Accurate throwing is uniquely human - a skill relied upon by our ancient ancestors for hunting with spears or stone tools.
The researchers say monkeys also throw things, but they are really bad at it.
The study is published in the journal, Royal Society Open Science.
Follow Helen on Twitter.

Summary:


Researchers at Google say they are “years closer” to rolling out a network of huge balloons to provide connectivity to rural areas.

Article: Damien Midgley, formerly of Aberford, near Leeds, was tried for child sex offences in 2014, but did not attend the hearing.
He was convicted in his absence and sentenced to six years in jail, with a warrant for his arrest also issued.
North Yorkshire Police believe the 39-year-old visited Thailand before Cambodia. Arrangements are being made for him to be deported back to the UK.
Det Insp Jane Guymer said: "Midgley clearly thought that by fleeing the UK he would be somehow immune to the sentence that the courts handed him in his absence.
"However, this case proves that international barriers are no obstacle when it comes to ensuring vile and cowardly child sex offenders are held to account for their actions."

Summary: A convicted sex offender who fled the UK has been arrested in Cambodia.
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Article: The firm launched its campaign last November, but has so far been unable to reunite a single toy with its owner.
There are currently more than 40 soft toys in its lost property.
A spokesman said some would be donated to charity if not claimed within the next three months.
The toys were all found travelling on the First Great Western network, which covers the Thames Valley, Hampshire, London, Dorset, Sussex, Wiltshire, Somerset, Avon, Gloucestershire, Hereford, Worcestershire, Devon, Cornwall and South Wales.
A spokesman for the firm said it receives about 15 lost toys every three months.
As well as bears, he said there was a "huge range" of different cuddly animals including monkeys, rabbits, a hedgehog, penguin and lion.
He said toys found towards the start of the campaign would be washed and sent to children's charities if they remained unclaimed in November.
The train company, which originally hoped to return the toys to their owners in time for Christmas, had used mug shots of the toys on its website and posters but has now also photographed some against a beach backdrop for summer.
The train company's website enables people to submit a search for a teddy, even if they are unable to remember exactly where it was lost.

Summary: Unclaimed teddy bears found on First Great Western trains are be donated to children's charities following an unsuccessful campaign to reunite them with their owners.
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Article: They showed infections by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) stripped immune cells of their ability to calm down inflammation in the lung's airways.
They say their findings, published in the journal Nature Medicine, will help develop ways of preventing asthma.
The charity Asthma UK said the study had "really exciting" potential.
When something irritates the airways of a patient with asthma, the airways become tightened, inflamed and produce too much sticky mucus. All of this can make breathing difficult.
Previous studies have shown a link between repeated lung infections with RSV and developing asthma later in life.
One Swedish study showed showed 39% of infants taken to hospital with RSV had asthma when they were 18. However, only 9% of infants who were not ill developed asthma.
How the virus might be able to do this was, however, unknown.  Now a team of researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine believe they have an explanation.
Their experiments on mice showed the virus impaired the ability of a specific part of the immune system, called regulatory T cells, to calm inflammation.
Inflammation is an important part of dealing with an infection. However, for asthma patients, chemicals in air which come from ordinary things like dust mites, pets and mould can trigger an inappropriate inflammatory response.
Infection with RSV led to a "complete loss of suppressive function" of the regulatory T cells, after which the mice developed asthma-like symptoms," researchers Prof Anuradha Ray and Prof Prabir Ray told the BBC.
They said there might be a window in early life when the cells were vulnerable to being "crippled".
They think the finding could help scientists devise treatments which prevent some people developing asthma.
"We feel that both prophylactic and therapeutic approaches can be developed.
"This is especially desirable in infants who have a strong family history of asthma."
Malayka Rahman, from Asthma UK, said: "This research provides vital information on how viruses interact with our...

Summary: Viral infections in newborns "cripple" part of the immune system and increase the risk of asthma later in life, US researchers studying mice have said.
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Article: The only leader who declined to sign, Western Australia's Colin Barnett, said he was supportive of a republic but believed now was not the right time.
Australians voted against becoming a republic in a 1999 referendum.
Current Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull was leader of the republican movement at that time.
But since coming to power, Mr Turnbull has said no change should occur until the reign of Queen Elizabeth II ends.
The state premiers of New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania, and the chief ministers of the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory, signed the document in favour of replacing the Queen as head of state.
The move comes the day before Australia Day, the anniversary of the arrival in Australia of the first British colonists.
Is Australia ready for change? Jon Donnison, BBC News, Sydney
At least among Australia's politicians, the republican cause seems to be gathering momentum.
Diehard monarchist and former Prime Minister Tony Abbott is no longer in office and his replacement is not just any old republican but a one time leader of the Australian Republican Movement. He now knows all the leaders of Australia's states and territories, as well as the leader of the opposition, share his view.
For now though, Mr Turnbull says another referendum on the issue is not a priority for him. That could change if he wins re-election later this year. But he won't want to have a second referendum and lose.
And while politicians seem to be shifting away from the monarchy, the public are not necessarily on the same page.
One poll in 2014 showed support for a republic to be at a 20-year low, with just 39% of Australians favouring replacing the Queen as head of state. A potential game-changer might be if Prince Charles were to become their king.
He might not share his mother's apparent popularity with either politicians or the public.
Australian Republican Movement chairman Peter FitzSimons said all Australian leaders, including Mr Turnbull and opposition leader Bill...

Summary: Almost all of Australia's state and territory leaders have signed a document in support of the country becoming a republic.
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Article: The Project Loon team, part of the company’s X research lab, said it was now able to use machine learning to predict weather systems.
It means the firm has far greater control over where its balloons go, making it possible to focus on a specific region, rather than circumnavigating the globe.
Clustering a small number of balloons greatly reduces the cost of the idea, Google’s “captain of moonshots”, Astro Teller, told reporters.
"We can now run an experiment and try to give service in a particular place in the world with ten, twenty or thirty balloons,” he said, rather than the hundreds needed previously.
“Real users” will be able to use the system in the “coming months”, he added - but he did not specify where the initial roll out would take place.
Rural ambition
Google’s aim is to provide connectivity to the around four billion people in the world who do not have access to the internet, particularly those in difficult-to-reach rural areas.
Rather than undertake huge construction projects to replicate connectivity networks in the developed world, the firm has instead experimented with beaming down connectivity from a network of huge, tennis-court sized balloons.
The balloons float in the stratosphere around 11 miles high. By raising or lowering altitude, the balloons can be caught in different weather streams, changing direction.
By using machine-learning algorithms, Google thinks it has cracked a way to predict weather with enough accuracy to make it possible to hover balloons over a relatively small area for a long period of time.
Last last year the firm was able to keep a cluster of balloons over Peru for three months.
Spin off
Over the past year Google has come under increasing pressure from its shareholders to rein in the costs of its more outlandish ideas.
Last month, the firm has spun off its self-driving project into a new company - Waymo - and has stepped up attempts to commercialise the technology amid criticism it was taking too long to make money from its work.
Mr Teller said Project Loon was one...

Summary:


The government has published an analysis of the UK's options if it left the EU - suggesting they would all be worse for the economy than staying in.
The document says the UK would lose influence and exporters could be hit with damaging tariffs.
The document says the UK would lose influence and exporters could be hit

The Woodland Trust have said that some trees should have the same rights as old buildings.

Article: Security firm Eset found the gang controlled its malware, called Turla, by posting comments about images in the singer's gallery.
The comments looked like spam but once transformed by code in the virus, directed victims to other sites.
Several other compromised websites were also being used to track victims and spread the malware.
Turla has been active since 2014 and sought to catch out government workers, diplomats and other officials, said Eset researcher Jean-Ian Boutin. It is believed to be run by a hacker group working for the Russian state.
Most often, he said, Turla's handlers compromised websites that targets would be likely to visit.
One compromised server asked visitors to install a booby-trapped extension for the Firefox web browser.
Digital detective work by Mr Boutin revealed that the command and control (C&C) channel set up between the creators of the extension and victims' machines was on the singer's Instagram page.
The malicious extension searched for comments that, when digitally transformed, matched a specific value. These were then converted into a website address that the compromised machine visited to report in or to update the malicious code they harboured.
Very few comments posted to the Instagram account had the key characteristics - suggesting that Turla's creators were testing or refining the control system.
Mr Boutin said using social media in this way made "life harder for defenders".
"Firstly, it is difficult to distinguish malicious traffic to social media from legitimate traffic," he wrote. "Secondly, it gives the attackers more flexibility when it comes to changing the C&C address as well as erasing all traces of it."
Mr Boutin added that he had been in touch with Mozilla, which was working on ways to stop extensions for Firefox being compromised in this way.

Summary: The comments section of Britney Spears' Instagram account has been used by cyber-thieves to co-ordinate attacks.
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Article: The common species Lumbricus terrestris found on Rum are more than three times the weight and length of the average earthworm.
The researchers found the island worms growing to almost 15in (40cm) in length.
A lack of predators and fertile soil have helped to boost their size.
Rum's "optimum conditions" also mean its worms could be living for up to 10 years when worms elsewhere in UK have a lifespan of about two years.
The research has been published in the Scottish peer-reviewed scientific journal, The Glasgow Naturalist.
It draws on university scientists' investigations in 2006 to 2011 of "very large" worm burrows.
Kevin Butt, professor at the University of Central Lancashire who led the study, said: "I first noticed the large worm burrows in 2005, so I had my suspicions that there may be some pretty big worms in the area.
"We went back out to investigate this the following year and finding worms of this size was very exciting, especially when the Natural History Museum team confirmed that they had no specimens like this."
He added: "There are still unanswered questions and we plan to continue our research to find out as much as possible about these creatures.
"We're also looking forward to exploring more rural areas in the UK and abroad, in the hope that we will make more exciting discoveries like this."

Summary: A Scottish island is home to the UK's largest earthworms, according to researchers from the University of Central Lancashire in Preston.
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Article: Foreign Secretary Philip Hammond said the aim was to "smoke out" Leave campaigners who had "avoided" spelling out their vision of a post-EU Britain.
The document says the UK would lose influence and exporters could be hit with damaging tariffs.
But Leave campaigners said the "dodgy dossier" was misleading.
Iain Duncan Smith - one of five cabinet ministers campaigning in favour of a vote to leave the EU - said it misrepresented the Leave case by suggesting Britain could follow the example of other non-EU countries, such as Norway or Switzerland.
He said: "The truth is, we won't copy any other country's deal. We will have a settlement on our own terms - and one that will return control of our borders, and money to Britain. That's the safer choice."
He said the government was "in denial" about the risk of remaining a member of the EU. "This dodgy dossier won't fool anyone," he said, adding that the "real uncertainty is the future of the EU project".
Cabinet ministers are allowed to campaign freely on either side of the debate, but the official government position is in favour of staying in a reformed EU in the 23 June referendum.
The document says Norway and Switzerland's trading arrangements outside the EU require them to make financial contributions, accept the EU principle of free movement of people and be subject to other EU laws.
Meanwhile, Switzerland and Canada's arrangements provide only limited access to the single market, it adds.
In a speech in London, Mr Hammond said Britain would be locked in talks with the EU for two years after an exit, while "our competitors, including our EU competitors, forge ahead".
He said there was no guarantee the UK could reach a deal within the two year limit, and talks could drag on for many years because there would be no "goodwill" from member states to help the UK get a deal.
He claimed Leave campaigners had "deliberately avoided" sketching out what a post-exit trade deal would look like because there were no "credible" options that "come close to the deal we already...

Summary: The government has published an analysis of the UK's options if it left the EU - suggesting they would all be worse for the economy than staying in.
###
Article: Thousands viewed and shared Nick Jablonka's A-Level coursework, posted on YouTube in June, thinking it was the store's hotly anticipated festive ad.
The Bournemouth student said he was "overwhelmed" by the reaction.
A John Lewis spokesman said: "Nick is clearly very talented, we'd love to invite him to spend some time with us."
The 18-year-old said the project, titled John Lewis Christmas Advert 2016 - The Snowglobe, initially got about 200 views "but in the past week it went crazy".
The piece, which features a love-struck snowman stuck in a snow globe, has had more than 460,000 views.
Mr Jablonka, who is studying at Bournemouth University, said: "I really didn't mean for the confusion. Although I really appreciate the overwhelming comments."
One viewer posted: "Easily comparable to 'the real thing'. Well done. I hope you go on to great things.ï»¿"
Another said: "Nick you've done a great job of taking our feelings on a 75 second journey."

Summary: A student whose homage to the John Lewis Christmas advert went viral has been invited "behind the scenes" to see how the real thing is made.
###
Article: The charity is campaigning to help protect ancient or old trees, that have grown in the UK for hundreds of years.
They say that having more trees is good for our health as well as the environment.
Currently around 2% of the UK is listed as ancient woodland.
The UK has seen around 45 rare species of trees disappear in the last 100 years.
Some people are calling for lots more homes to be built in the UK and the Woodland Trust say they are worried that building new houses would mean that old trees would be chopped down to clear space.
The Government have been talking about the issue in a new White Paper, which presents ideas for changes to the law.
It could mean that some trees in England would be protected like historic buildings.

Summary:


UK house prices rose by 9.5% in 2015, according to the lender Halifax, making it the fastest annual increase in nine years.

Article: Speaking to BBC Radio 3's In Tune, he said the "radical reducing of public subsidy" was a particular threat to regional companies.
"Opera companies are [being] forced more and more to rely on any private money they can raise," he said.
"Inevitably, a theatre like the Royal Opera House is able to raise more than smaller, less attractive companies.
"That's why we're seeing the extraordinary explosion of country house opera - Grange Park, Longborough, Glyndebourne and so on - and the shrinking of regional opera.
"All our marvellous regional opera companies are in real trouble and struggling."
Grant in aid to England's Arts Council has fallen nearly 30% in the last five years, and opera houses have not been spared from the cuts.
English National Opera was hit particularly hard, with its annual grant cut from Â£17.2m in 2014/15 to Â£12.4m in the next financial year, amid concerns over its management and business model.
Vick, who is the artistic director of Birmingham Opera Company and works in many of the world's major opera houses - including La Scala and the Royal Opera House - said he "fears for the future" of the artform.
The 61-year-old was speaking to BBC Radio 3's Suzy Klein ahead of the world premiere of Morgen und Abend (Morning and Evening) at the ROH this weekend.
He described the opera, written by Austrian composer Georg Friedrich Haas, as "an astonishing masterpiece".
"Unusually for opera, it deals with mature emotions," said Vick, who is directing the production about the life and death of a Nordic fisherman.
"The first half hour is about the last moments in the womb and his emergence into life," explained Vick, "and the rest of the opera is about his realisation that he's dead".
Praising the composer as a "genius", he said the opera was "existential, profound, complex and simple all at the same time".
"Today a first-time opera goer came to the dress rehearsal - a woman who does my VAT receipts for me," he said. "She said to me at the end, 'it was extraordinary - I could see the music in the...

Summary: British opera is in "crisis" as a result of funding cuts to the arts, says renowned director Graham Vick.
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Article: Chole is a spicy chickpea curry and comes accompanied with a very special kind of fried bread called bhature, and that's where the spectacle comes in.
The dish originated in the proud north Indian state of Punjab, but is now so popular across India that any number of interlopers try and claim it as their own - including Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and Himachal Pradesh.
Don't believe them.
Chole bhature is Punjabi through and through: as stout and hearty as the famed warriors the state has produced throughout history.
You'll never forget the first time you see it being made.
This is the sixth article in a BBC series India on a plate, on the diversity and vibrancy of Indian food. Other stories in the series:
Inside India's 'dying' Irani cafes
What Indians have done to global cuisine
The story of the samosa
Cooking the world's oldest-known curry
Why India is a nation of foodies
The chefs - because proper preparation takes real skill - slap and pound a ball of leavened dough before rolling it into a thin disk or oval shape.
Then they toss it into a great smoking pan of hot oil.
And here's where the magic happens. The bread sizzles and froths angrily for a moment before the bubbles of air trapped within begin to expand.
Then, before your eyes, the bhature inflates like a balloon.
The chef will turn it in the hot oil to ensure the surface is evenly crisp and golden.
Then he (Indian street food is almost exclusively prepared by men) will pop a couple on a plate with a generous scoop of the spicy chickpea stew.
I guarantee you'll burn your fingers in your desperation to tear open the hot bread and scoop up a generous mouthful of curry.
And if chole bhature scores high on spectacle, it also rates very highly for what food scientists call, rather clinically, "mouthfeel".
Mouthfeel is exactly what it sounds like: the way the food feels in your mouth.
Giant food businesses like McDonalds, Nestle and Kraft spend hundreds of millions of dollars making sure the physical and chemical properties of their new food products...

Summary: Chole bhature is street food as street theatre.
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Article: About 15,000 party members and 6,000 affiliated and registered members are entitled to take part in the ballot.
MSPs Kezia Dugdale and Ken Macintosh are vying for the role vacated by former MP Jim Murphy in June.
Members will also vote in the Scottish party's deputy leadership race which is being contested by Richard Baker, Alex Rowley and Gordon Matheson.
Both Ms Dugdale and Mr Macintosh have been making their final pitches to voters.
If she was elected leader, 33-year-old Ms Dugdale said she would start rebuilding trust in Labour straight away.
The Lothians list MSP explained: "If I win this election it will be a clear signal of a new generation ready to take Scottish Labour forward.
"The role of the next leader is to set out a positive Labour vision for transforming Scotland and to hold the SNP Government to account for their major failings on schools, the NHS and policing."
15,000
Party members
6,000
Affiliated and registered supporters
Ms Dugdale added: "Too many people in Scotland tell us that they just don't know what Labour stands for anymore. Under my leadership there will be no doubt what we stand for and who we stand with."
Mr Macintosh, who is MSP for the constituency of Eastwood, said he wanted to offer the Scottish people "hope again".
The 53-year-old added: "I want to transform the Scottish Labour Party into a positive force for real change in Scotland.
"Throughout this leadership contest, I have spoken in detail about the changes I will make, about the new leadership style and approach to politics I will bring as party leader.
"Above all, my message to undecided members is simple: I'm asking for your support as I believe I have the ideas, the vision and the determination to help Labour win again."
Party members will find out who their Scottish leader is at an event in Stirling on Saturday.
Mr Murphy resigned as Scottish Labour leader after the party lost 40 of its 41 seats in the Westminster election in May.
As well as the contest in Scotland, party members are also in the process of choosing...

Summary: Voting in the election for the new Scottish Labour leader is due to end at midday.
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Article: The local authority hopes to save Â£2.4m per year as a result of bringing in "slim bins" which hold 40% less waste.
The plans will be considered at a committee meeting next month.
Manchester's recycling rate of 32.8% is the lowest of Greater Manchester Waste Disposal Authority's nine boroughs. Neighbouring Trafford recycles about double that proportion of its waste.
Under the proposals, the capacity of general waste bins in Manchester would change from 240 to 140 litres.
Three other councils in Greater Manchester have already made the switch - Trafford, Stockport and Tameside have all seen recycling rates improve since introducing the smaller bins.
Bolton will begin delivering them to residents on Monday.
The new bins in Manchester would be tagged with a digital serial number so they can be traced if lost or stolen.
Fortnightly collections will be maintained and additional or larger recycling bins will be available at no cost on request.
To reduce costs, Rochdale, Salford and Bury have all moved to collecting bins once every three weeks instead of once every two.
Manchester City Councillor Nigel Murphy said the bins would help "to protect the vital council services that residents care about... while also helping the environment."
The council spent Â£36m on waste disposal in 2015-6 and said that if "every single item of recyclable waste was recycled in Manchester, around Â£16.5m a year could be saved".
The proposed change will be discussed next week at a meeting of the Neighbourhoods Scrutiny Committee and must then be approved by the executive on 29 June.
Source: Manchester City Council

Summary: Smaller bins could be introduced in an attempt to boost recycling, Manchester City Council has announced.
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Article: In the last month, prices went up by 1.7%, said the Halifax, bringing the average price of a home to Â£208,286.
However, other lenders, such as the Nationwide measure, put the rate of increase much lower.
Last month, it said prices rose by 4.5% in 2015, less than half the Halifax estimate.
Halifax's housing economist, Martin Ellis, said one reason for the sharp increase was the continuing shortage of property for sale.
"This situation is unlikely to change significantly in the short term, resulting in continuing upward pressure on prices," he said.
The last time UK house prices rose so quickly was in 2006, when values soared by 9.9%.
The 9.5% increase in 2015 was way ahead of experts' predictions a year ago.
Martin Ellis himself predicted that prices would rise by between 3% and 5%, while most expected a figure around 4%.
Newham, in East London, was the town with the largest increase in 2015. Prices there rose by 22% in 2015, compared to 12% for London as a whole.
The different methodology of the most popular house price measures is explained here.

Summary: